Security Issues - rubric Doctrine

Abstract: The author notes that the national idea should be focused on the future, not only to express the specifics of the Russian way of the third millennium, but the trend of the global deployment of future evolution of civilization. Discussed in the article proposed components of the national idea, having mostly of Russian origin tended to focus not only on the national interests and the survival of our country, but of all mankind. This can be seen especially evolutionary and historical mission of Russia in global development. One of the components of the national idea is connected with the problem of national security, reflecting the specifics of the Russian state and society. Another component to a greater extent due to the global orientation of global processes, planetary transition to sustainable development and may acquire formalized in the form of the predictive-normative document as a national strategy for sustainable development of the Russian Federation. It is emphasized that the modern concept of sustainable development is still not adequate enough, because basically allocates the environmental aspect and its relation to the economy and social sphere. Definitely want to do this, but this is not enough, it is important to expand the subject field of the study of the sustainable problem, make examines the concept of a system-integrated. The national idea of the problems of national security and sustainable development will be integrated into a single conceptual and ideological system noospheric orientation. Expressed and justified the assumption that the national idea can find their noosphere continued, and the proposed version of the construction of the national idea shows that it is the concept of the noosphere integrates all the ideas in question in the paper. The noosphere is characterized as a hypothetical future state of society and its interaction with nature, which is formed through the transition to the information society and sustainable development, and in which priority will be to play the mind in the form noosphere intelligence.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-0417.2013.3.713

Abstract: In this article "The state migration policy concept of Russia: basis for the migration security of the state" V.A. Volokh, PhD, and V.A. Suvorova note that for a long time there was no holistic system of views on contents and key directions of state strategic course implementation in the sphere of migration processes. The Concept of State Migration Policy of the Russian Federation till 2025 approved by President V.V. Putin establishes the principles and key activity directions for the Russian Federation in the sphere of migration. The concept defines goals, principles, aims, key directions and mechanisms for the implementation of state migration policy of the Russian Federation. The Government of the Russian Federation has approved a detailed action plan for the first stage (2012-2015) of the State Migration Policy Concept. In the opinion of the authors implementation of state migration policy shall facilitate social, economic and demographic advancement, guarantee national security and support stability in the society.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.1.2549

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of development of international cooperation in struggle against terrorism financing and the role of The Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force (CTITF). The author defines the vectors of international cooperation; points out the problem issues of blocking the channels of terrorism financing. The author emphasizes the conclusions of the CTITF that terrorist activity should not be disorganized, but destroyed, eliminated, and that law enforcement authorities and services should develop normative acts for financial organizations about operations involved in terrorism financing. The author uses the following methodological approaches: general scientific (the systems and materialist approaches) and the methods of scientific cognition (analysis, synthesis, system comparison). The author offers a range of measures for financial monitoring and preventing measures against financial operations aimed at terrorism financing. The author not only defines new methods of data collection, but also offers the most radical and effective measures of combating extremist organizations.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-0417.2014.1.10740

Abstract: The article concerns foodstuffs policy as one of the most important elements of the social function of the state. The author studies the foodstuffs security situation in the modern Russia. Based upon the scientific analysis of the legislative acts the author singles out the specific features of legislative guarantees of foodstuffs security in the modern Russia. The author analyzes national interests of the Russian Federation in the sphere of foodstuffs, as well as the main threats and risks regarding foodstuffs security guarantees. In the opinion of the author guarantees of national foodstuffs security concern overcoming the negative factors forming threats to foodstuffs security and leading to lowering of the amount, absence or worsened quality of food and energy values of the main types of foodstuffs. In order to discuss the problem in this article the author widely used the methods of analysis of normative legal acts regulating the foodstuffs security issues, comparative, historical and other methods of scientific studies. Having analyzed the current foodstuffs security situation in the Russian Federation the author came to a conclusion that currently there is a number of serious problems in this sphere, which require adequate solutions. In the opinion of the author the foodstuffs security problems in Russia include spread of genetically modified organisms, and smoking blends. The author makes a conclusion that foodstuffs security guarantees form an inalienable part of the social state policy.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-0417.2014.2.11880

Abstract: Information psychological warfare gained a new meaning as a result of the downfall of the global colonial system. As a result the "Westernization" model was formed for the modernization of these states. The main facilitator of this model is the reception of the Western legal tradition, declaring and providing for the dependent position of the third states from the Western states. The author understand reception of law as borrowing and introduction of ideas, legal institutions, norms, terminology of foreign law for the purpose of modernization of the legal system, gaining international authority, or supporting political and economical dependency on other states. The methodological basis for the study was formed by the general scientific cognition methods (dialectics, analysis, synthesis, analogy, functional, systemic and structural approaches, abstraction and specification, linguistic analysis, as well as specific scientific and legal methods of studies: formal legal, comparative legal, technical legal methods, legal modeling, and special methods (sociological, psychological, anthropological, historical). The combined use of various methods of studies and the latest achievements in the sphere of social science allowed to reveal object and immediate object of studies within the general patterns of their existence and development, and facilitated achieving the goal and immediate targets of the studies. The theoretical and methodological basis for the studies was formed by the scientific works of Russian and foreign scientists in the spheres of jurisprudence, philosophy, political studies, geopolitics, history on general problems of nature and use of reception of law, its political and legal nature, general issues on legal reforms based upon the full-scale reception of law, specific problems regarding use of the borrowed legal ideas, principles, institutions, terminology. Its scientific novelty is due to the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the elements of information psychological warfare, substantiation of the existence of the independent process of legal reception within the area of the Russian system of law and legal conscience. The scientific novelty of the article in general is due to the analysis of the reception of law, its goals, functions and system of principles from the general theoretical standpoint, which was not done before. The author offers an original vision of the reception of the Western law within the Russian legal system, explicating its definition, specific features and prerequisites. The scientific novelty is also due to the development of the main directions for the optimization of the phenomenon of reception of the Western law and defining the perspectives for its use in various branches of Russian law.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-0417.2014.3.11892

Abstract: The modern Russian statehood is the product of loss of the USSR in the Cold War. Modernization of the post-Soviet Russia took place with active help of the West, as represented by the USA. Such help usually involved introduction of hte modernization models used by the West in the Third World states. The introducec model does not presuppose external administration. It is based upon the attributes of statehood, while the state becomes highly dependent upon a certain state (the USA) or a group of states (the West). The specific feature of this model concerns erasing the understanding of objective political and legal processes among the populations of the colony and metropolian state, introducing certain political and legal myths, supporting the existing colonial order. The model defines ideology for the lower conflict potential in the Russian soecity. The methodological basis for the studies involves general scientific methods (dialectic, analysis, synthesis, analogy, functional, systemic and structual approaches, abstraction and specification, linguistic analysis), specific legal methods (special legal cognition methods: formal legal, comparative legal, technical legal, legal modeling), as well as special methods (social, psychologic al, anthropological, historical). The use of various methods of studies and the latest achievements of the social sciencies in their combination allowed to discuss object and immediate object of studies within the context of general patterns of their existence and development, facilitating the achievement of the goals of studies. Theoreticl and methodological basis for the studies involves the scientific work of Russian and foreign scientists in the spheres of jurisprudence, philosophy, political science, geopolitics, history, concerning the general problems of nature and use of modernization technology, its political and legal nature. The scientific novelty is due to the theoretical and methodological substantiation for the existence of reformers ideology, which is present in the humanities. The scientific novelty is due to the analysis of the matters, which were not previously studied from the general ideological position, its goals, function and system of principles. The author provides an original vision of reformers ideology, which is now supported by the Russian humanities, explicating its definition, specificities and prerequisites.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2014.5.14221

Abstract: The problem of the mankind survival and biosphere preservation reveals the content of a new concept of civilizational development and a related to it problem of security. Sustainable development is considered as a guided global civilizational process and socio-natural co-evolution, which doesn’t destroy the environment and ensures survival and safe, indefinitely long existence of the mankind. The article considers the conceptual-theoretical issues of security and sustainable development, the difference of the modern model of civilizational process from the society of a sustainable future aimed at the establishment of noosphere (the sphere of intellect). The author uses the interdisciplinary, historical-evolutionary, global, prognostic, system, science of science and other approaches towards the problems of the concept of sustainable development formation analysis and the security issues study. The author emphasizes the necessity to broaden the definition of this type of development and the notion of security, their expansion on new directions and spheres of life activity. The article considers the global dimension of a “sustainable” type of evolution, the problem of demographic sustainability and the interpretation of “sustainability” on the base of a notion of security. Special attention is paid to the nature of ecologic security and the relation between security and development as fundamental categories of a modern science. The author points out the necessity of broadening of the interpretation of the concept and the notion of sustainable development and outlines the main areas of scientific search and the directions of this broadening; it can allow a more effective realization of an adequate strategy in practice in the national and the global scale. The author suggests understanding of sustainable development as a non-regressive, i.e. the most secure type of evolution, directed at the preservation of civilization and biosphere, their coexistence and co-evolution.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.5.16539

Abstract: In the current conditions of economic sanctions, it is important to search for the opportunities of the national economy growth, which would promote import substitution, and of progressive structural changes stimulation. The authors emphasize the importance of development of economic sectors, which can become the propulsive force of the economic growth, rather than those providing the domestic demand. The authors attempt an identification of the most significant economic sectors, using the comparison of the outlined types of sectors, classified according to the features, defining the character of the dynamics of their development. The authors apply the methods of time series, grouping, comparative analysis, and graphical analysis. The authors classify economic sectors with different growth trends, from the decelerating development dynamics to the rapidly growing one. The study specifies the term “propulsive industrial sectors”. On the base of the research, the authors conclude that it is necessary to change the industrial policy, which should be oriented at the stimulation of propulsive sectors development, which have a significant importance for the technological breakthrough, and at giving impetus to the development of industrial sectors, ensuring not only import substitution, but also the national security.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2017.6.21955

Abstract: The article is devoted to activity of law-enforcement agencies under modern conditions that bring new contents to their tasks, functions and methods of procedure. The subject of the research is the security threats for the Russian Federation that may arise in the process of state construction. The object of the research is exclave territories of our country. The author underlines that these territories have been experiencing provocations from the Western states lately. In this regard, the Kaliningrad Region is one of the most vulnerable territories in Russia. In her research Prokhorova analyzes the state of security of 'exclave territories' of the Russian Federation that are the regions of special strategic, economic and political importance. The author uses the statistical method for her research. As a result of her research, Prokhorova concludes in our times it is very crucial to take into account current threats and challenges for the law-enforcement system of Russia. Russia's law-enforcement system should become more 'police-like' and protective in order to deal with the challenges produced by the foreign states. The author's special contribution to the topic is her conclusion that in order to ensure a timely solution of tasks and efficient interaction, it is necessary to integrate all actions of law-enforcement agencies and their main goal should be to increase efficiency of law-enforcement agencies and guarantee their cooperation in the struggle against corruption, bribery, abuse of office, international terrorism, etc.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2019.1.28552

Abstract: The subject of the research is the gas extinguishing agents and their effect on the methane flame during simultaneous supply of extinguishing agent into gasoline and oxidant. Shebeko analyzes the problem of defining the extinguishing concentrations in gas extinguishing agencts. Unlike other researchers, the author of this article analyzes the case when extinguishing gas is supplied into the gasolien and oxidant flames simultaneously. Both the chemically intert gas (azote) and gas with inhibiting effect (trifluoromethane) are used. The results of the experiment are compared to esimated data obtained by using the standard and modified Le-Chatelier rule. It has been discovered that the modified Le-Chatelier rule quite accurately describes experimental data. The main research method is the laboratory experiment that used methane as combustion gas and azote or trifluoromethane as extinguishing gas. Moreover, the article also presents the results of calculation of extinguishing concentrations based on the standard and modified Le-Chatelier rule. The novelty of the research is caused, firstly, by the fact that the researcher obtains new experimental data on extinguishing methane flame during simultaneous supply of extinguishing agents into gasoline and oxidant, and secondly, by the fact that the researcher applies the standard and modified Le-Chatelier rule to calculate extinguishing concentrations. The author of the article demonstrates applicability of the modified Le-chatelier rule to calcuate extinguishing concentrations.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2019.5.29981

Abstract: The subject of this research is the technogenic disasters occurred due to various factors and producing destructive influence on the state and society. The object of this research is the relations associated with solution of the questions pertaining to technogenic disasters. The author explores the peculiarities of technogenic disasters and problems related to their prevention and elimination of consequences. Special attention is paid to the stages and factors of the development of technogenic disasters, prerequisites for the emergence of situations leading to destructive consequences. Based on the analysis of the most complex events of technogenic type, the author concludes on the causality between the even occurrence and different factors, including human. The scientific novelty consists in comprehensive analysis of the topic, taking into account the existing empirical and theoretical material. The author conducted meticulous work on finding correlation between the prerequisites of technogenic disasters and the factors contributing to their occurrence. The conclusion is made on the need for revitalization of work on key directions in countering technogenic disasters, from legislative regulation and to practical aspects in the area of safety.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2020.3.33191

Abstract: The subject of this research is the problem of understanding and content of exercising positive legal responsibility in the context of prevention of unlawful acts and stimulation of law-abiding behavior. The author aims to determine the role and functional purpose of law enforcement policy (within the framework of national security), its key trends and vectors, as well as the factors and conditions for implementation of legal responsibility for unlawful behavior and concomitant risks of its excessive application. Legal responsibility is viewed in accordance of its manifestations on the level of objective and subjective law, as well as systemic legal institution that incorporates normative, procedural and organizational subsystems. As a result of the conducted research, the author substantiates the need for prevention of offenses at the stage of emergence of social conflicts. Analysis is conducted on the positive experience of crime prevention in certain Asian countries and the factors of ineffective crime control policies in Russia and other countries. An original perspective on legal responsibility in legal right and law is presented. The author explicates the conceptual ideas of the preventive effect of responsibility at different stages of its materialization with regards to actual and potential offenders. The article takes into account peculiarities of the methods and means of external and internal influence of legal responsibility upon the behavior and consciousness of the subjects of law; outlines merits and flaws of the policy of preventing legal violations from the standpoints of its official objectives and tools; describes the structure of the system of legal responsibility and the advantage of its implementation in preventive activity of the law enforcement agencies and penal system of the Russian Federation.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2021.1.34927

Abstract: The object of this research is the border activity, while the subject is the science of border activity – borderology. The article consists of five sections. The first section views border activity as a system of preventive (border prevention and deterrence), security and control (border patrol, border search), and defense-militant measures (special activity, combat activity, operational actions). The second and third sections give detail description to these measures, as well as the typical stages of the cycles of activity. The fourth section is dedicated to description of the structure of borderology – the system of knowledge on ensuring border security, state c of border organizations, preparation and conduct of border activity, and its all-round provision. The fifth section provides a systemic formulation of principles of border activity. Within the framework of development of the concept of “border management system”, the author considers the border activity as a system of measures aimed at ensuring national security in the borders. The science of border activity includes the following disciplines: border art (border policy, border operational art, border tactics), border history, border statistics, mathematical theory of managing border security, legal framework of border security and border activity, philosophy of border security, psychology and sociology of border activity, theory of border training and education, theories of all-round support of border activity, theory of development, application of technical and special means of border activity.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2020.2.32258

Abstract: This article is dedicated to definition of the term virtual traces in forensics. The author determined the peculiarities of virtual traces, which allowed giving definition to the traces on digital data storage devices. It is noted, the forensic science does not have a universal terminology for definition of traces left as a result of cybercrimes. Solution of this problem remains extremely important, as it would assist the advancement of the theory and practice of forensics in the indicated field. The author analyzed the case law for the purpose of determining peculiarities of utilization of terminology to describe traces detected in the course of studying digital data storage devices. The conclusion is made that most common and suitable term is “virtual traces”. The definition of the concept in questions was proposed leaning on the analysis of peculiarities of virtual traces and mechanism of their emergence on digital data storage devices. Thus, virtual trace is determined as varied in structure, special type of material traces that exists within the limits of digital data storage device and directly tied with it, as well as can be decoded only using special software and technical means.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2018.6.28195

Abstract: The subject of the research is the problem of striving for security in the structural realism as well as critics of the realistic thesis about the relevant use of the term 'security' in the theory of international relations. The concept of striving for security plays an important role in the corpus of political realism. The most authoritarian researchers of political realism assume that the safety need defines the interaction between states on the international stage. At the same time, according to the author of the article absolutization of this term creates significant contradictions in the core of the theory itself. The main conclusions of the research is that therei s a contradiction in the methodological approach offered by structural realism. Based on the author, the concept of striving for security should be completed with analysis of intra-state factors as well as definition of international interests.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2020.4.33827

Abstract: The subject of this article is the ontological status of the body of legal norms regulating social relations in the area of national security, set in the international legal acts, acts of strategic planning, federal and regional laws and bylaws of different levels. The author carries out a methodological analysis of scientific publications in the field of the general theory of law, scrutinizes the methodological categories of “legal Institution”, “branch of law”, “legal regime”, uses systematic interpretation, as well as applies formal-legal and logical analysis of the provisions of normative legal acts that regulate social relations in the area of national security. The author determines a vast number of normative legal acts related to national security. The analysis of scientific literature allowed revealing the problematic status of norms contained in the aforementioned acts, along with the idea of scholars that they comprise the institution or branch of law. An opinion is advanced that this discussion is substantiated by seeking grounds for systematization of the body of legal norms that regulate social relations in the area of national security. The conclusion is made on the objective difficulties of such systematization. It is underlined that substantiation of systematicity of legal norms depends on subjective and objective criteria; although currently, the body of norms on national security does not comply with any of them. Two author suggests two solutions to alleviate the urgency of the problem: pluralistic approach, and reference to the category of “legal regime”. Considering the dualistic static-dynamic interpretation, the methodological advantages of the latter are justified.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.5.17416

Abstract: The article examines the national, global and space security in the model of sustainable development. The concept of sustainable development is considered holistically, as a relationship between a component and a meta-component - security. The study discusses the formation of the noosphere and the space development as the stages, following the emergence of a safe and sustainable global civilization. Space security provision and the formation of the noosphere sustainable civilization is considered by the author as a final goal of historical development of the humanity (on the Earth), which will be followed by the development of the space.The methodological basis of the research comprises such scientific methods as abstraction, idealization, comparison, analysis, synthesis, etc., and the method of forecasting. The research task is achieved with the help of the provisions about the humanity as a globally interconnected and self-developing system (global evolutionism), and on the basis of the principle of the universal interconnection of phenomena, the principle of development, etc. The research problems are solved on the base of the statements and conclusions about the studied subjects, described in works of the modern Russian and foreign authors, researchers and philosophers. The current global security model aggravates the global problems.The author comes to the conclusion about the necessity to ensure the national security of the Russian Federation and the regional security of the Eurasian Union by means of sustainable development. The author demonstrates that the survival of the humanity is possible only under the condition of its orientation towards sustainable development.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2018.3.26684

Abstract: The subject of this research is the researches of Russian scientists, statutory regulations of the Russian Federation law on corruption counteraction and other legal acts. Damm analyzes the issues of conceptual and categorical framework of corruption counteraction. There is a common belief that the criminal science does not have an agreement regarding the terms that describe the combination of measures and responses to crime. However, there is a certain consistency in such legal definitions as 'counteraction', 'prevention', and 'fight against', at the same time the correlation between terms 'prevention' and 'preventive measures' is rather unclear. In his research Damm has applied the dialectical method, structured system and formal law research methods. Based on the analysis of approaches to the definition and correlation of aforesaid terms in criminology and legislation, the author concludes that criminology mostly uses the term 'prevention' as the general term. Criminology uses both terms, prevention and counteraction, to describe corruption, while legal researches mostly use the term 'counteraction'. In its turn, the use of the term 'corruption counteraction' as a general term, as well as its definition, are good findings of the law.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2022.4.39069

Abstract: The subject of the study is Iranian-German relations in 2010-2020. The object of the research is the development of relations between Iran and Germany. The author of the work examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the history of the development of relations between Iran and Germany, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, which directly affects Iran's relations with the world community, in particular with the European Union. Particular attention is paid to the role of Germany as a strategic partner of Iran. Germany has traditionally been seen as Iran's closest partner in Europe, although its policy towards Iran during the so-called nuclear crisis of the 2000s largely followed the example of Washington due to Germany joining the latter's power diplomacy. The main conclusions of the study are: The future of German-Iranian relations will depend on a number of international, regional and domestic factors, the development of which is difficult to predict with any certainty; besides Germany, the positions of Great Britain and France in relation to Iran matter to a lesser extent; Iran's geopolitical attractiveness, along with Iran's willingness to welcome Germany as an active player in the Middle East and the Persian Gulf, as well as pressure from the country's economic groups to develop trade relations with Iran, encourage Germany to take the lead in European foreign policy towards Iran ; With the start of nuclear talks in 2013, Berlin played a positive role in the negotiations that culminated in the nuclear deal in July 2015. Since then, close cooperation has been established both in industry and in the field of education; The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the results of the study can be applied in the strategic planning of international relations with Iran.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.35699

Abstract: This article examines security as the constitutional-legal category through the prism of its consolidation alongside the derivative concepts (national security, public security, environmental safety, and other) in the text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the evolution of the category of “security” in the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the context of amendments introduced in 2020, which also affected constitutional framework of ensuring security. However, the subject of research does not include the question on the need and feasibility of amending the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020, as well as implementation of such significant changes without its full revision. The author concludes that from the perspective of improving the constitutional framework of security, it is difficult to assess the constitutional amendments unambiguously. On the one hand, question od security was left out, and some of its aspects were reflected in the text of the Constitution, although the pivotal questions of ensuring security could have been regulated by the constitutional norms in more detail. The author notes that according to the Constitution, the major threat to the individual, society and the state regardless the introduced amendments, is the threat of military nature. In that context, the fundamentals of countering security threats of nonmilitary nature should be reflected in the Constitution more constructively.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2023.4.69071

Abstract: In the presented work, the subject of research is one of the main categories of the conceptual apparatus of such a new direction of theoretical thought as the science of safety - the concept of «threat». Despite the obvious simplicity of this term and its widespread use in everyday life and legal practice, disputes about its substantive basis do not stop in the scientific community. Insufficient elaboration of the main categories of safety theory leads to numerous ambiguous interpretations of its fundamental terms, which do not allow forming a strictly defined theoretical basis. Therefore, in this article, using the example of the analysis of publications published in scientific journals and on the «AGA-Sofia»s website, the most obvious shortcomings of existing approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «threat» and its main characteristics are revealed. The solution of the tasks set in the work is based on the application of methods of logical analysis, laws of terminology and methodological principles of philosophy. The paper draws attention to the fact that, unlike the general case, when a threat is formulated as the intention (possibility) of causing any harm to someone / something (the object of the threat) on the part of someone/something (the source of the threat), in technical disciplines, the threat is presented as the possibility of harmful consequences as a result of object–object/subject relations (the impact of something on someone/something). Among the identified shortcomings in the interpretation of the characteristics of the threat, it is emphasized that it does not necessarily have to be manifested. If the threat is real, it can be both explicit and hidden. In addition, its potential form is legitimate, due to the two-dimensionality of the universal «possibility». At the same time, the author draws attention to the grossest methodological miscalculation made by some researchers - the threat cannot be a phenomenon, since it represents only the possibility of harmful consequences of any phenomenon. The article draws attention to the fallacy of attempts by some authors to extend the scope of the definition of «threat» to the concepts of «blackmail» and «ultimatum», as well as to the possibility of perception responses when harm is caused as a result of the threat. The inaccuracies allowed by researchers in defining the term «threat source» are analyzed, and the validity of the use of certain terms closely related to the concept of threat, such as «threat to the safety of the object», «threat to interests», «threat of unauthorized access» is justified.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2016.6.21573

Abstract: Based on the systematization of the preexisting approaches to the problem, the article attempts to modernize the concept and the essence of ecological safety as a form of the national security. The author sets forth the existing general theoretical and branch approaches of jurisprudence to the definition of the concepts “security”, “national security” and “ecological safety”, which help develop the concept of ecological safety, conforming to both the new social realia and the recently adopted strategical legal documents of the Russian Federation, determining the state policy in different spheres of social relations. The author applies various general scientific approaches and methods of logical cognition: analysis, synthesis, abstraction, modeling, the system-structural, functional and formal-logical approaches. The study is of a general theoretical and branch character. It is aimed at the modernization of the ecological safety concept in the context of the modern views on the national security in general. The author carries out the comparative analysis of scientific approaches to the understanding of the essence and the content of the “national security” and “ecological safety” concepts.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7543.2022.4.39461

Abstract: The North Crimean Canal is considered as a continuation of the Dnieper River. This makes it possible to analyze its overlap in 2014 as one of the classic problems of transboundary water use associated with partial or complete restriction of flow in the middle or lower reaches of the river. As a similar example, the conflict between Turkey and Syria over the water resources of the Euphrates River is considered. It is shown that such cross-border conflicts are often caused by both economic reasons and arise in connection with a decrease in runoff in some years due to increased aridity of the climate. This article presents game-theoretic models of interaction between the parties and substantiates the need for compensation payments between the countries participating in a cross-border dispute. Based on the results of the analysis carried out in this article, it was concluded that one of the consequences of the possible destruction of the dam of the Kakhovsky reservoir will be the cessation of water supply to the North Crimean Canal. The fact is that in the first section with a length of more than 200 km, water from the reservoir flows into the channel by gravity, so that when the level drops at the water intake point by 16 m, the filling of the channel will stop.