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Genesis: Historical research
Reference:
Anshin D.V. —
Historical stages of the evolution of state regulation of banking activity in the USSR: 1920s - early 1930s
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – № 5.
– P. 56 - 72.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.5.37898 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37898
Historical stages of the evolution of state regulation of banking activity in the USSR: 1920s - early 1930s
Anshin Denis Valerevich
ORCID: 0000-0003-3368-697X
Postgraduate student, Department of History of State and Municipal Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University
119991, Russia, Moskva, g. Moscow, ul. Leninskie Gory, 1
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Dvanshin@yandex.ru
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DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.5.37898
Review date:
17-04-2022
Publish date:
31-05-2022
Abstract: The article examines the evolution of state regulation of the banking sector in the initial period of socialist construction in the USSR. The development of the monetary system and the banking sector is considered in relation to the tasks facing the national economy of the country in the 1920s and 30s. The dynamics of these tasks determined the development of regulatory influences, the emergence of appropriate forms and mechanisms. The stages of the implementation of the credit reform of 1930s and its results are analyzed. The sequence of preparatory measures of the reform is considered, which concerned both the creation of prerequisites for the transition of enterprises to work in new monetary conditions, and the strengthening of the role of the State Bank as the main conductor of the reform. The analysis of the dynamics of the sectoral structure of lending and the changes that occurred as a result of the transition of the economy to new operating conditions. From the standpoint of a systematic approach, the structure of the system of state regulation of banking activity after the completion of the credit reform is studied. This structure is considered on the basis of the proposed organizational and functional model. The layout of the organizational and functional modeling of state banking regulation proposed by the author allows to consider the forms and mechanisms of regulation and interaction of participants in this process from the standpoint of a systematic approach. The Soviet experience of creating a system of state regulation is also interesting with a certain sequence of transformations: the preparation of preliminary measures distributed over time, then the implementation of a radical basic transformation (credit reform proper), the adjustment of decisions and practices based on the analysis of the actual results of transformations. Such an approach and aspect of the reform has been little studied in historical studies, but its understanding for modern Russian realities could be useful.
Keywords:
financing of the national economy, banking systems, financial crisis, organizational and functional model, credit reform, monetary reform, state regulation, cans, monetary system, new economic policy
This article is automatically translated. You can find full text of article in Russian
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