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Philosophical Thought
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MAIN PAGE > Journal "Philosophical Thought" > Contents of Issue ¹ 07/2022
Contents of Issue ¹ 07/2022
The Round Table
Yarkova E.N., Chernikova I.V., Diev V.S., Zaks L.A., Kudashov V.I., Dyagileva T.V., Mikhailov I.S. - Philosophical Traditions of Russian Regions: Past, Present, Future (MATERIALS OF THE ROUND TABLE) pp. 1-20

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8728.2022.7.38233

EDN: MTDHTU

Abstract: The article is a summary of the contents of the round table held in April this year. Topic of discussion: philosophical traditions of Russian regions. Different points of view are presented regarding the understanding of the phenomenon of the philosophical traditions of the regions of Russia, its essence and various aspects of existence. An attempt is made to reconstruct the history of the formation of philosophical traditions in such regions of Russia as Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Yekaterinburg, Tyumen. The problem of correlation between the philosophical traditions of the regions of Russia and such phenomena in science as "scientific provincialism", "native science" is discussed. The speakers distance themselves from unambiguously apologetic or critical approaches to the study of the philosophical traditions of the regions of Russia, cultivating an analytical approach. The factors that influenced the formation of philosophical traditions in these regions are revealed: the presence in the region of ascetic philosophers with a charismatic gift to inspire young people with a love of philosophy, interest in a particular direction of philosophizing (logic and methodology of science, aesthetics, ethics); the presence of natural science or socio-humanitarian schools, within which the desire for philosophical understanding of concrete scientific problems; formation of a certain regional and all-Russian socio–cultural situation, which becomes a trigger for the development of philosophical traditions of Russian regions; cultivation of diversity of intellectual life, rejection of intellectual authoritarianism and transition to intellectual pluralism; development of the system of higher university education - the emergence of a philosophical faculty, the formation of a philosophical community, the formation of a philosophical cultural environment. The novelty of the project proposed to the reader lies in the fact that almost for the first time an attempt has been made to represent several regional philosophical traditions at once, which makes it possible to identify their common and special essential characteristics. In conclusion, it is stated that understanding the ways of development of philosophical knowledge in Russia is a difficult but important task.
Aesthetics
Zagryadskaya A.S. - The representation of pain and the metamorphosis of aesthetics from the Middle Ages to Early modern period pp. 21-35

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8728.2022.7.38464

EDN: GVVXAA

Abstract: The article provides an aesthetic and philosophical analysis of the causes of historical changes in the image of pain in Western European culture. The concept of suffering arising in the Renaissance is considered as a significant reflection of the general transformation of sensuality. The main approaches to the phenomenon of pain in the humanities and various points of view on the possibility of its representation by artistic means are outlined. The focus of attention is on changes in the spatial and temporal orientations of culture, as well as the aesthetic metamorphoses caused by them, considered by the example of how artistic creativity revealed the theme of pain. The change of aesthetic consciousness from the Middle Ages to Modern period is analyzed using examples from medieval, Renaissance and Baroque art. The article examines the formation of the concept of personal existential suffering and its reflection in cultural artifacts. The novelty of the research is the concept of the aesthetic mechanism of the Renaissance, understood as a change of forms of sensuality that structure experience. Such transformations lead to the emergence of new artistic forms, which especially characterizes the Renaissance. The foundations of the metamorphoses of sensuality are found in the change in the image of reality, which formed the renaissance aesthetics and predetermined subsequent cultural trends. The social and theological reasons for these changes and their interpretation by humanist philosophers are considered. The research draws a connection between a new understanding of time and space, communicated both to the other world and to earthly life, and the deepening of personal affective experience and aesthetic component. It is concluded that the result of the new chronotoping was the strengthening of the immanent experience of suffering and the formation of a different way of representation.
Philosophy of knowledge
Kachay I.S., Petrov M.A. - The problem of creative imagination. Kantian and Schellingian concepts of productive imagination as an epistemological and ontological source of creativity pp. 36-46

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8728.2022.7.38462

EDN: DUXCUM

Abstract: The object of this research is the problem of creative imagination. The subject of the research is the ontological and epistemological nature of productive imagination in the context of the philosophical searches of I. Kant and F.W.J. Schelling. The purpose of this work is to conceptualize the ontological and epistemological determinants of productive imagination on the basis of Kantian and Schellingian philosophical doctrines. The methodological foundation of this research is the original works of these thinkers of German classical philosophy, as well as the actual works of domestic and foreign specialists in the field of creative philosophy. The authors of the study in their work were guided by comparative-historical, analytical-interpretive, hermeneutic and phenomenological methods. The scientific novelty of the work consists in revealing the ontological and epistemological rootedness of productive imagination. In addition, the authors distinguish between imagination as the ability to generate original images based on the synthesis and transformation of empirical material and fantasy as a way of "virtual" realization of unsatisfied needs and escape from reality. The main conclusion of the study is the position that in the philosophical teaching of I. Kant, productive imagination is revealed in an epistemological perspective, presenting as a general cognitive ability and a condition for the transcendental synthesis of sensuality and reason, while in Schellingian philosophy productive imagination is considered from an ontological point of view, being justified as the ability of the subject to endow physical objects with ideal reality.
Social philosophy
Linde A.N. - F.M. Dostoevsky, L.N. Tolstoy on the relationship of personality, individual and society pp. 47-54

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8728.2022.7.38506

EDN: BZRJST

Abstract: The main subject of this article is the relationship of a human as a personality or as an individual and society in the artistic and philosophical creativity of F.M. Dostoevsky and L.N. Tolstoy. The main goal of this work is, in comparison with the structuralist approach, to analyze the main provisions of the approaches of F.M. Dostoevsky and L.N. Tolstoy, which touched upon the problem of the relationship of a human as a personality or as an individual and society. The main objectives of this article: to analyze how the concepts of the personality and the individual differ, and what is the correlation of the personality and the individual with society as a whole. Then it is determined what is the understanding of the individual and his purely functional role in the society of the structuralist approach. Finally, the understanding of a person as a unique personality, created in the image and likeness of God in the works of F.M. Dostoevsky and L.N. Tolstoy. It is determined what is the advantage of such an existential-personalist approach of two Russian thinkers over the structuralist direction and its approach to the individual as just a "cog" of a systemically-functionally regulated society. So, as shown in the article, structuralism presupposes the domination of the general, the whole over the individual, the particular and grades a human as a personality, turning him into only an atomic social individual. In contradiction to structuralism, F.M. Dostoevsky and L.N. Tolstoy develop an approach to man as a person and offer an original model of society as an interconnected community of personalities. As the study proves, thinkers also influenced the personalist philosophy of the 20th century, and their approach as a whole allows a human to realize himself as a genuine, independent personality, and not as an individual governed by a social system, enslaved by the society.
Philosophy of science
Filatova M.I. - The genesis of the new science and Christianity in the light of the problem of infinity pp. 55-86

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8728.2022.7.30044

EDN: FZJSUT

Abstract: The subject of the study is the interrelation of philosophical and theological ontologies in the context of the problem of the correlation of the finite with the infinite, which is crucial for the genesis of the new science. For the first time, the grounds are proposed for completing a one-sided approach to the study of the genesis of a new science within the framework of the history of philosophy, where the question of the influence of Christianity cannot be fully disclosed. It is established that the aporias of Zeno of Elea are the philosophical equivalent of the gospel parable about the marriage feast, and this latter is the theological equivalent of Zeno's reasoning. The methods of analysis, generalization, comparison are used in the work. It is shown that the founders of the new science solve the problem of the ratio of the finite and the infinite according to the "Zeno scheme". And in view of the equivalence of this scheme of the gospel parable about the marriage feast, the ontological changes that caused the modern crisis of the subject-object paradigm, as well as the crisis of the identity of the I-subject, are explained. The author comes to the conclusion about the ontotheological nature of the origin of the new science, in the light of which transhumanistic intentions to renew human nature find their place.
Social philosophy
Kryukova Y.E. - Social norms in society as an integral factor in the formation and evaluation of an individual's reputation pp. 87-96

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8728.2022.7.26606

EDN: GCWLAA

Abstract: One of the problems in the study of reputation, which faces specialists in different fields, is the search for factors of formation and criteria for evaluating the value characteristics of subjects, both individualized and collective. For example, experts in the field of game theory are of the opinion that there are game-theoretic models of reputation and norms of activity, and reputation itself, in their research, is, in a sense, a reflection on the norm of activity. In this article, the task is to consider social norms, firstly, as a factor in the formation of reputation, and secondly, as a factor in the assessment of the subject. During the period of education, there is an interiosis of social norms and the formation of value systems, which affects the activity of the subject. Based on the analysis of the subject's activities, one can judge the reputation. The very concept of "reputation" is polysemantic in nature. This allows us to talk about reputation, on the one hand, as a certain phenomenon, an established system of assessments and value characteristics, on the other, as a process of forming such assessments and characteristics. In the latter case, it turns out that "reputation" as a procedural concept turns to us in the form of a process of searching for the value characteristics of subjects and the results of their activities and the decision-making process on what assessment to give to the activity of the subject.The article will show that the compliance or non-compliance of the subject's activity with generally accepted social norms, as well as the value preferences of the evaluating subject, turns out to be one of the fundamental factors for making a decision regarding the reputation of the evaluated subject, both individualized and collective.
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