Finance and Management - rubric Regional economy

Abstract: The article is devoted to the implementation of the concept of "smart specialization" of regions for the purposes of sustainable development of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to justify making adjustments to the issues of strategic planning and territorial management at the federal level for the effective implementation of the principles of smart specialization in the regions. The current macroeconomic conditions prevailing in Russia have led to the formation of a strategic course of socio-economic development of the state in the public administration system, which is based on diversified specialization and sustainable development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. This article offers recommendations on the formation of the concept of smart specialization of the subjects of the Russian Federation at the strategic level. The subject of the research is the concept of smart specialization for sustainable development and the possibility of its reflection in the strategic documents of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the research topic is beyond doubt, since the issues of sustainable development of the subjects of the Russian Federation are still topical. The present study is based on the dialectical method of cognition, which includes such methods as comparative, institutional analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction. This methodology provided an opportunity to study this problem through the prism of theoretical and practical aspects. It was concluded that "smart specialization" will make it possible to most effectively identify and implement the vector of regional development, select specific measures that are most effective for each of the subjects of the Russian Federation. One of the important tasks when using this approach is to minimize competition between regions, implement the transition from competition for investment and business to joint development of value chains by regions and strengthen interactions between enterprises. The necessity of developing and implementing institutional and methodological foundations for detailing and updating the most economically promising specializations of the regions was justified. The results of this study, the conclusions drawn and the formulated proposals can be used to improve the strategic foundations of territorial management with a view to their sustainable development. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the proposal to make changes to the fundamentals of strategic planning for the territorial development of the regions of the Russian Federation, which will contribute to the implementation of the principles of smart specialization in practice.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2017.2.21175

Abstract: Nowadays in Russia there is no satisfaction of needs of the population in vegetable products, which consumption is almost a half less than required standards. The main reasons are low level of vegetable production and the purchasing power of the population, which is associated with a low level of development of market infrastructure. The investigation was performed according to data about manufacturers of vegetable production of the Republic of Mordovia. In this article were used the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, index Linda, technique of the analysis of market potential, economic-mathematical methods of extrapolation of trends and optimization of production. The necessity of improving the mechanisms of agrofood policy on market vegetables, showing characteristics and existing problems of effective functioning of vegetable subcomplex, summarizes the main factors of development of the market of vegetable production, formed the methodology and held on its analysis and assessment of the State of competition Wednesday at the vegetable market in the Republic of Mordovia, developed models to optimize the structure of sown areas under vegetables in agricultural enterprises, in the assessment of the market potential of vegetable growing on the organizational structure of the wholesale food market. Results of the study will be useful to the authorities for the formation of food policy on the vegetables market, because they allow to identify promising areas and positions in sales of vegetable products, that stimulate their further production.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2024.1.69641

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic was one of the first “black swan” for the global economy. Regional authorities in Russia were faced to support their regional economies but they were faced with uncharacteristic independence. The issue of assessing the effectiveness of regional anti-crisis industrial policy measures in Russia during the COVID-19 crisis is becoming urgent. The purpose of this study is to search for the most successful measures of regional support in Russia during the designated period. The study is based on the conceptual framework of the St. Petersburg School of Industrial Policy. Descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, and correlation analysis are used as statistical methods of analysis. 1196 anti-crisis industrial policy measures were classified in all 85 regions of the Russian Federation. A scatter diagram of regions was constructed with indicators of the scale for assessing the intensity of the anti-crisis industrial policy and the scale of the impact of the crisis on socio-economic indicators. Four clusters were identified: (1) regions that practically did not implement an anti-crisis industrial policy and suffered during the crisis; (2) regions that have significant economic stability and are less likely to resort to active anti-crisis policies; (3) regions, the values of indicators of the dynamics of socio-economic indicators of which are at an average and below level, but are pursuing, on average, a more intensive anti-crisis policy; (4) regions that pursued an active anti-crisis industrial policy and achieved good socio-economic indicators. Correlation analysis did not reveal a stable connection between the intensity of the anti-crisis policy and the crisis dynamics of socio-economic indicators. The study also presents leading regions and outsider regions in terms of anti-crisis industrial policy measures for each of the 4 clusters.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2019.4.31045

Abstract: The subject of this research is the organization of regulatory, financial and infrastructure support of cluster projects of the Siberian Federal District (SFD). The object of this research is the projects of innovative clusters of SFD subjects, which comprise a group of pilot clusters of the Russian Federation or clusters that are leaders in the world-class investment attractiveness. The authors meticulously examine the existing government measures of organizational, regulatory, financial and infrastructure support of cluster projects, centers of cluster development, external organizations that provide infrastructure support, as well as presence of infrastructure themes of projects of the SFD cluster formations themselves. Special attention is given to the systematization, analysis and determination of differences in provision of the SFD subjects with organizational, regulatory, financial and infrastructure support of execution of cluster projects. A conclusion is made that there is sufficient existing organizational, regulatory and infrastructure support of execution of the cluster projects. The author’s special contribution into the research of this topic consists in structuring and generalization of information regarding the existing organizational, regulatory and infrastructure support of cluster projects of the examined SFD subjects, and formulation of differences of the level of the provided support based on the analysis of the acquired data. The novelty of this work lies in systematization of the organizational, regulatory and infrastructure support of cluster project of the SFD subjects and formulation of results of the comparative analysis of the level of the provided support.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2022.3.38820

Abstract: The subject of the study is economic relations regarding the formation and development of an inclusive model of economic growth in the region in the context of scientific and technological progress. The Republic of Tatarstan acts as the object of research. Based on the use of the methodological tools of the World Economic Forum adapted to regional socio-economic systems, aggregated indices of inclusive development of the region's economy are being developed, followed by the construction on this basis of a production function that provides an empirical assessment of the impact of STP on the inclusive type of formation of regional economic dynamics. Particular attention is paid to the issues and patterns in the field of ongoing changes in the demand for labor in various sectors of the national economy in the context of a change in technological structure, which generates systemic and structural distortions and forms appropriate models of inclusive economic growth in the regions. The main conclusions of the study are well-founded, within the framework of the use of economic and mathematical apparatus, arguments proving that the role of scientific and technological development in the system of intensification of inclusive economic growth is not only comparable with such a productive factor as "The number of people employed in the economy", but also exceeds it in terms of the degree of impact on the endogenous parameter under study. A special contribution of the authors to the study of the topic is a modernized, regional-specific and patchwork statistical reporting of the meso-level, WEF algorithm, which provides the possibility of an empirical assessment of the index of inclusive economic development. The proposed methodological tools allowed not only to evaluate the indicator under study, but also to build the desired model in the format of searching for relationships "Inclusive growth-scientific and technological progress".

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2018.3.27540

Abstract: The authors of the article offer their own method of evaluating the dynamics of agricultural credit cooperatives' development in the Russian Federation. The method is based on the system that consists of absolute indicators of the scale, and relative indicators of the intensity and efficiency of cooperatives' development in a particular territory. For each indicator, the authors suggest to assess the average annual growth factor which allows to assess the average dynamics of each indicator for a certain period of time. To make a rating, the authors suggest indicators of credit cooperatives' development and their threshold values. Using the nonparametric indicator of the correlation ratio (using the Spearman's coefficient), the authors assess the level of the correlation ratio of factual indicator values in relation to threhold values. The research is based on general research methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, observation) as well as methods of statistically economic analysis (analysis of statistical series, correlation analysis). The results of the research allow to describe peculiarities of the development of agricultural credit cooperatives in the federal districts of the country, to define the 'leaders' and evaluate 'strong' and 'weak' points, and, consequently, to define vectors for its development in the future. The advantage of the method is its universal nature because it may be used to describe the rating not only within the country but also within a particular federal district or other territory. The other distinctive feature of the meethod is its 'mobility' in terms of indicators being used.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2020.2.33081

Abstract: The object of this research is the innovative and industrial clusters of constituent entities of the Central and Northwestern Federal Districts of Russia that received Federal support. The subject of this research is the projects of innovative and industrial clusters of constituent entities of the Central and Northwestern Federal Districts of Russia that received Federal support. Special attention is paid to the types of cluster projects, their thematic focus and distinctive characteristics in different constituent entities of the Central and Northwestern Federal districts. On the one hand at, the studies are aimed at meticulous examination of the types and topics of cluster projects for each constituent entity of the indicated Federal Districts, while on the other – at generalization and comparison of the projects fpr each Federal District. The novelty of this work consists in the assessment of regional differences in the structure and focus of cluster projects based on the analysis of existing types of innovative cluster projects, which were supported by the Ministry of Economic Development, as well as industrial clusters included in the register of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. The analysis of cluster projects of the considered innovation clusters of the Central and Northwestern Federal Districts, which received support of Ministry of Economic Development, and industrial clusters, supported by the Ministry of Industry and Trade, demonstrated that they can be conditionally divided into two types of projects – of entrepreneurial and infrastructure focus. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that in the Central Federal District nine clusters from seven regions of the Russian Federation have received federal support; while in the Northwestern Federal District – eight clusters from three regions of the Russian Federation. A large proportion of infrastructure projects is concentrated in Moscow, Lipetsk, Arkhangelsk and Saint Petersburg; the projects with entrepreneurial focus – in Kaluga; projects on development and modernization – in the Komi Republic; projects on research and development of new products, services and methods of their production (transfer), as well as new production processes – in Arkhangelsk Region and Saint Petersburg.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2020.4.34668

Abstract: The subject of this research is the economic and organizational relations regarding the formation and assessment of competitiveness of tourism cluster, as well as correlation between the level of competitiveness and various trajectories and stages of the lifecycle of tourism clusters. The object of this research is the tourism sector of economy and its separate enterprises unified by specific relations into the cluster territorial-industrial formations. The article employs the works of Russian and foreign experts in the area of economics and management of tourism sector of the economy. The scientific novelty is substantiated by gain of knowledge on the content, maintenance, assessment, and role of the economic category of “competitiveness of tourism cluster”, including the formulated definition of this concept, its components, elaboration of assessment framework and classification of the criteria of competitiveness of tourism cluster, as well as methodology for determination of lifecycle stages and trajectories in development of tourism cluster. The acquired results are of theoretical importance as a reference point for further research and possibility of practical implementation as an instrument for development management of tourism sector of the economy. The presented materials can be used in the development of tourism services online platform based on digital technologies.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2024.1.70175

Abstract: The object of the study is the formation of an integrated MSW management system within the framework of the national project "Ecology" and the federal project "Integrated Solid Municipal Waste management System". The subject of the study is organizational, methodological, legal, financial, economic, industrial and technological problems that make it difficult at the federal and regional levels to achieve the annual and final planned indicators of these projects in 2024. The purpose of the work is a general description of the integrated MSW management system being created, as well as to identify the main problems of its formation in the new financial and economic environment reality. The author considers the planned target indicators of the federal project and their correlation with the indicators achieved in 2019-2022. Special attention is paid to the three-fold decrease in the initial planned indicator for recycling, which occurred due to insufficient development of the MSW recycling infrastructure, and the threat of non-fulfillment of the utilization indicator in 2024, which persists even after that. The methodological basis of research is an integrated approach that allowed the use of methods of systematic, comparative, factorial and economic-statistical analysis, content analysis, and also synthesis. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the disclosure of an integrated system as a set of methods for handling MSW, located among themselves in a certain hierarchy of applications, the last of which is waste disposal, and the smaller its scale and the damage caused to the environment, the greater the level of consistency the system demonstrates. Neutralization and energy utilization do not fully solve the problem, since they leave a lot of harmful combustion products. Recycling is much more environmentally friendly, the degree of development of which should be considered as the second important criterion for the development of an integrated waste management system. The reduction by the curators of the MSW management reform of the initially stated recycling targets for 2024 by three times is actually an official recognition of the global underdevelopment of the domestic recycling and processing industry and the lack of real state participation in its formation and development.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7802.2017.1.19746

Abstract: Due to its geographical position and an array of cultural, historical and natural sights the Republic of Mordovia presents a considerable interest to tourists, however, the Republic’s traditional concern with manufacture of agricultural products has put tourism aside as economi-cally insignificant industry. Nevertheless, the need for creating a competitive tourist guidance facilities is proved by international and domestic nation-wide positive tendencies in the devel-opment of tourism as one of the most promising industries of the world economy, as well as by its wide multiplier effect, providing a stimulating effect on related industries such as transport, construction engineering, production and sale of souvenirs, agriculture, public catering industry, insurance, etc. The paper reveals the competitive advantages of the Republic of Mordovia and presents the results of the SWOT-analysis of development of tourist facilities and assessment of tourist-recreational potential of the region. The research is based on the systems approach with application of comparative analysis and economic-statistical methods. The authors substantiate the necessity for intensive activities aimed at broadening competitive position and creating conditions that extend the Republic’s competitiveness in the market of tourist services. The main conclusion of the study is that the authors underscore that only the use of state incentives adequate to new realities and support measures for tourism, formulation of necessary legal, institutional and economic basis will help to increase the competitiveness of the Republic of Mordovia in the market of tourist services.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2020.2.33353

Abstract: Currently, the Russian regions apply a vast array of tools for regulating the investment process, including tax incentives. Active use of tax preferences is dictated by the fact that in the conditions of regional budget deficit, tax incentives, unlike subsidies, do not require direct budget expenditures for stimulating investment activity. However, the world experience demonstrates that tax incentives do not fall under the group of factors that strongly affect investment decisions. For determining the degree of preference of tax incentives in relation to other measures of regional support, a survey was carried among Chinese investors, who implement investment projects on the territory of Zabaykalsky Krai. The survey was based on a method of hierarchical analysis based on the special matrices by filed in by the investors. The acquired results displayed that out of ten measures of state support, tax incentives hold the eighth place. The calculated coefficient of the significance of tax incentives testifies to the low attractiveness of fiscal stimuli for the Chinese investors. The authora attempted to find the reasons for tax incentive not being in demand. The scientific novelty of this work consists in conducting the analysis of regional legislation that regulates the order of granting investment tax incentives based on the concept of behavioral economics. In the course of application of the provisions of behavioral economics, emphasis was made on the subjective aspect of the mechanism of preferential taxation. The reasonableness of considering such peculiarities of human mind as cognitive inertia and relativity is substantiated with regards to arranging the structure of tax incentives that would allow increasing the importance of tax incentives in formation of investment climate on the territory of Zabaykalsky Krai. The authors make recommendations on increasing the attractiveness of tax incentives among Chinese investors based on the concept of reference point and the effect of loss aversion.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2017.4.20011

Abstract: The problem of raising living standards and reducing the income disparity in Russian regions is one of the most pressing. It is quite natural since a sharp break in living conditions based on the territorial principle is unacceptable. The authors of the article show the dynamics of cash incomes and expenditures of Mordovian citizens and also the results of a comparative analysis of the Volga Federal District on individual indicators reflecting living standards. The authors concluded that the standard of living in the country remains low, and focus on the negative trends that are emerging in the country in the field of income generation and distribution of public spending, and also on the growing income disparity. The research is based on the systems approach using comparative analysis and economic and statistical methods. The research involved data of The Federal State Statistics Service and Local Agency of Federal State Statistics Service of the Republic of Mordovia. The authors emphasized the need for active measures aimed at improving living standards in the region and creation of conditions that would contribute to the reduction of income disparity. The main conclusion of the reseasrch is that only application of adequate state control measures and establishment of necessary legal, institutional and economic grounds would improve the standard of living.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2017.3.24263

Abstract: This research deals with the methodological approaches to modeling of institutional interactions of economic agents of regional industrial clusters. A hypothesis is advanced that the analysis of the institutional environment structure makes it possible to determine the stage of clusters life cycle and the direction of clustering processes within the economic space. A refined classification of cluster economic agents is given in terms of their role in implementing the cluster policy of the region. Particular attention is paid to the organizational forms of economic activity of participants in regional industrial clusters. Three types of institutional interactions of economic agents of the cluster are identified. The models of institutional interactions of economic agents at various stages of the life cycle of a regional industrial cluster have been developed. In the course of the research, the possibility of applying the methodological potential of the institutional theory under the scientific task of modeling regional industrial clusters is substantiated. Within the framework of the institutional structure of economic agents of cluster are identified four stages of the life cycle: innovation, infrastructural, competitive and transformational. The result of the analysis shows that in the process of institutional interactions, the economic agents of the cluster form in relation to each other either a stimulating or a development-limiting strategy.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2019.2.29895

Abstract: The goal of this research is the development of a multifactor regression model based on financial indexes that take into account the specificity of economic and financial activity of winemaking industry for formulation of assessment methodology of the current liquidity. The object of this research became the 40 largest winery assets in the Republic of Crimea, federal city of Sevastopol, and Krasnodar Region. The authors put forth a hypothesis that the structure of current assets, presence and capacity of own and loan funding sources, their maturity and seasonal character, must be considered in assessing the score of short-term liquidity for the wineries. The foundation for this research is the classical method of stochastic modeling of economic activity, namely the correlation and regression analysis. The main contribution of the authors consists in the selection of factors that would consider the specifics of work of the winemaking enterprises, structure of their assets and funding sources; development of regression model for quantitative assessment of the impact of factors upon the level of current liquidity of wineries overall.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2019.4.31572

Abstract: The subject of this research is the opinions and assessment results of the actors of socioeconomic, such as the representatives of state administration, corporate administration and population pertaining to the current status and peculiarities of formation and transformation of stimuli and barriers of sustainable socioeconomic development of the territory in economic, social, environmental and institutional spheres. Special attention was given to comparison of the acquired assessments with the specificity of current state of socioeconomic development of the Russian Federation. The object of this research is the factors of sustainable socioeconomic development of the territory assessed on the example of recreational-tourism specialization the resort city of Sochi. The scientific novelty is substantiated by acquisition of relevant assessments of the current stage of formation in the Russian Federation of stimuli and barriers of sustainable development of the territories on the example of recreational-tourism specialization the resort city of Sochi. It is proven that in the conditions of continuous crisis, most significant barriers of this process lie in the organizational-economic and social spheres in terms of the relatively favorable ecological situation, and partially, in the institutional sphere. Based on the ranking of obtained assessments, the author attempts to determine the priority vectors and measures on ensuring sustainability of socioeconomic development of municipal formation the resort city of Sochi.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7802.2016.4.17408

Abstract: in their research the authors underline that there is not enough research devoted to the indicative analysis of regional tax security. The fact that there is no stable tax system, indicators or treshold amounts, complete theoretical or practical basis for analysing tax security proves the need to conduct an in-depth research that involves an indicative analysis in this sphere. The authors present a set of indicators to describe the status of tax security in territories whch can be assessed based on the analysis of open information sources. Using the aforesaid indicators, the authors have carried out analysis of tax security in the Republic of Mordovia over the period since 2010 till 2014. The authors use indicators calculated based on the Russian Federation data as treshold values. In the course of the research the authors have also used general research methods and methods of indicative analysis. The information basis of the research involves data of the Federal Tax Service of Russia as wll as Department of the Federal Tax Service of Russia for the Republic of Mordovia. As a result of the research, the author proves the need to extend a set of tax security indicators taking into account indicators used in foreign practice, in particular: integrated complete value-added tax rate; tax wedge; and tax elasticity ratio. The authors also carried out an assessment of tax elasticity based on the data for the Russian Federation and Republic of Mordovia over the period since 2010 till 2014. Results of the analysis of the indicators for the Republic of Mordovia prove the fact that there is a high rate of taxpayers' debt and low independence of a regional budget.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7802.2016.4.20882

Abstract: The subject of study are knowledge transfer processes in the Russian Federation. Object of research are the human and physical capital development processes in the context of the information society development. The relevance of the research problem due to the small achievements in the field of creation of innovative technologies in leading areas of economic activity and low level of commercialization of results of scientific-research sector. The goal of the article lies in the study of the processes of knowledge transfer in the Russian Federation, to identify their impact on regional innovation ecosystem in the context of information society development. The leading method of the research is the verification of models of human capital as a factor of information society development, enabling to reveal regularities of its formation for the Russian Federation and the countries with developed market economies. The main results of this work are: the analysis of processes of information society development as the fundamental element of formation of regional innovation ecosystems; verification of implemented models of human capital development; the processes of human capital formation as a factor of information society development in the regions in dynamics; the processes of knowledge transfer in the context of information society development. The article can be useful in the formation of scientifically sound long-term strategies and medium-term programs of information society development at Federal and regional levels.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7802.2016.3.19973

Abstract: The object of the research is the process of formation of regional industry clusters, the subject of the research is the institutional environment that affect the formation and development of clusters in the regions. The author of the article considers theoretical aspects of topics related to the concept of "institution" and "institutional environment". In particular, she outlines the main qualifying features of the concept "institution", methods of classification of institutions, highlights the basic elements of the institutional environment of regional cluster development. Special attention is paid to the algorithm used to analyze the institutional environment of regional clustering. The main research method involves a set of abstract-logical methods (induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, analogy and comparison, formalisation and modelling). The main conclusion of the research is that for the initial stage of studying the institutional environment of the cluster it is better to divide institutions into different groups depending on their level of formalization and level of control. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author defines elements of the institutional environment for cluster development of the regions, and also develops the algorithm for this kind of analysis.