DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2023.3.39751

Abstract: The subject of the study is the problem of stigmatization of people with mental illnesses. Currently, the problem of stigmatization of people with mental illnesses reaches a fairly high level. First of all, this tendency is expressed in a dismissive, and sometimes even contemptuous attitude towards neurodifferent individuals associated with fears, fears and prejudices regarding the behavior of persons with an established mental diagnosis. We are talking about attributing to mentally ill people the ability and willingness to commit various crimes, including serious ones, and vice versa, society often assigns to mentally healthy criminals the presence of a mental disorder that they did not have. The novelty of the study lies in a two-way process that aggravates the process of stigmatization: on the one hand, modern medicine allows more accurately diagnosing various mental disorders and selecting adequate treatment so that the life of an individual does not differ or almost does not differ from a person who does not suffer from similar disorders. On the other hand, the same modern world, the pace of life and the level of stress provokes the appearance and development of mental disorders, as evidenced by both twenty-year-old and modern studies. The main conclusions based on the results of the study in this paper: there is a fairly high level of interest in the student society to the topic of mental health in general, a relatively loyal attitude towards neurodifferent individuals. For people who treat mentally ill people less loyally, the main motive for stigmatization is fear, fear due to the "unpredictability" of the behavior of people with severe mental disorders. It is also important to note that a significant part of the respondents claim that in Russia the level of mental education, the quality of medical care and the level of support for people with mental illnesses, measures aimed at integrating such people into society are not of sufficient quality.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2018.3.24592

Abstract: The subject of this research is the problem of the finiteness of human existence within the framework of the philosophy of Russian cosmism. The article touches upon the theme of human perfection as an imperative factor of reaching immortality. The authors examine the two models of understanding of death and immortality within the philosophy of Russian cosmism in the context of comprehension of the phenomenon of perfection. The religious-philosophical and natural scientific models coexist in the Russian cosmism and divide cosmists into two factions; however, neither of the models fully reveal the possibility of the actual solution of the set by Russian cosmism tasks. Methodology of Russian cosmism implicates the need for the all-encompassing cognition of the world, studying of the subjects and occurrences in the process of their development and evolution, which potentially leads to the synthesis of the two diverse models of comprehension of the phenomena of death and immortality. The main conclusion lies in the statement that the philosophy of Russian cosmism on the assumption of achieving human immortality does not consider it outside the concept of perfection, but rather immortality is viewed as a result of reaching the human perfection. Depending on the model, there are differences in representations on the human perfection; but based on the methodology of the Russian cosmism, it is impossible to view a thing or occurrence in its relation to other thinks, cosmos, and its evolution. Thus, the path to solution of set by the Russian cosmism tasks lies in the synthesis of the two models, in other words, in synthesis of the religious-philosophical and natural scientific approach to the problem of death, immortality and human perfection.