DOI: 10.25136/2409-8671.2018.3.18445

Abstract: The object of study is the formation of the needs of the population that is affected by basic tendencies of development of world politics and Economics. The subject of the study highlighted the unified global economic and political space characterized by a certain convergence of the different aspects of the population of most countries, the standardization of national institutions for the formation and satisfaction of economic needs. Special attention is paid to the idea that in today's world, globalization performs some hidden from the public functions (expansion of markets, the suppression of the sovereignty of countries, access to resource rents countries) that are contrary to the stated (concern for human well-being, environmental component, uniform distribution).  Globalization generates certain supra-national macro-level of modern economy and policy, the Institute supports the formation needs of the population, creates a certain image of economic goods and technologies. A worthy alternative to such direction of development of the world economy is able to act as institutions of national sovereignty.  The author comes to the conclusion that one of the effective measures counteract the negative effect of the increase of globalization should be to change the main direction of globalization. It will involve the recognition of the multipolarity and diversity of the modern world, and the identification of common goals, needs and interests of development while addressing global challenges the global community in environmental, economic and political aspects.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-8647.2017.1.18329

Abstract: The subject of the research is the concept of collaborative consumption which is a kind of alternative to the present concept of individual consumption. The object of the research is a contemporary economic system characterized by a decrease in volumes of production and consumption of goods, the fall in real income in the consumer sector, the decline in purchasing power, inflation and unemployment. Special attention is paid to the idea that in the modern world the concept of increasing consumption is no longer the driving force of development of society and the whole philosophy of the future is also undergoing change. On the one hand, growing economic crisis leads to the transformation of patterns of consumption, from individual models to the model of collaborative consumption, thereby reducing consumption and transforming its structure. On the other hand, the recognition of the model of collaborative consumption deprives the economy of one of the directions of overcoming the crisis – the growth of volumes of consumption, reduction of unemployment, increase and acceleration of financial flows. The author comes to the conclusion that one of the effective means of combating global financial and economic crisis and a worthy alternative to individual consumption may be an adaption model of collaborative consumption. This model is based on the paradigm shift of social development (the growing dominance of the network structure of social life), transformation of the structure of needs of the population (from rigid hierarchical structures to flexible but atomistic market structure and finally a network form interaction coordination) characterized by the lack of ownership of the used good.