Abstract: This article explores the developed within the framework of Catholic religion as a culturological term system of views and ideas on the international public law as a whole, as well as the international law of human rights in particular. The subject of this research is the international legal documents along with the doctrinal formulations which define the essence and the content of Catholic concept of international law. The author gives characteristics to the system of sources of the Catholic concept of international law, as well as the role of the pontifices – heads of the Holy See in the formation of not just contemporary concept of human rights, hut also modern international law. Catholic concept of human rights is based on a metaphysical foundation, according to which rights and responsibilities subordinate to highest commandments to love God and your neighbor as yourself. The modern international law has been establishing within the framework of Christian religion; the founders of the human right concept are the representatives of the Spanish school of international law. Special place in formation of the human rights concept belongs to pontifices of the Holy See, who announce the issues faced by the global community and suggest ways for their solution based on the Christian doctrine; they also underline the correlation between the human rights and preservation of the habitat, as well as the mankind responsibility for protection of the environment.