DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2018.1.22536

Abstract: This article examines a relevant social problem – problem of abortion among teenagers. An overview of the modern scientific data that explicit the level of acuteness of the indicated issue is presented. The author describes the results of sociological survey aimed at studying of the age and gender differences in representations of youth on the right to abortion, the motives and possible consequences. The subject of this research is the stance on abortion among the teenagers ages 15-17; 120 respondents participated in the survey. Methodological foundation contains the theoretical positions of the role of social attitude and value orientations of personality, sociocultural factors and social risks in establishment of a certain model of reproductive behavior of a person. Analysis of the scientific works in the area of reproductive behavior of teenagers are fragmentary, while the empirical data on the attitude of the indicated age group towards abortion are practically absent. Due to this fact, the scientific novelty of this study lies in acquisition of the empirical data on the age and gender peculiarities of teenagers’ stance on abortion. It is demonstrated that the representations of young respondents on the consequences of abortion are characterized by the social immaturity.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7144.2017.2.20987

Abstract: This article discusses the question of professional self-determination of the modern high school students, as well as provides a review of the studies, which demonstrate that modern graduates need help in choosing and planning of their career path. The authors present results of the empirical research that reveals the gender specificities of professional orientation of the high schoolers. The research was conducted among the schools of Perm Krai (Berezniki, Solikamsk, Cherdyn, Krasnovishersk, and Usolye) and included 300 participants. The following materials were used: methodology of O. A. Lopukhova “Masculinity, Femininity, and Gender Type of Personality”; modified methodology of A. E. Golomshtok “Map of Interests”; differentiated-diagnostic survey of E. A. Klimov. According to the accumulated results, the modern high school students experience lack of the precise career plan. The majority of them (75%) demonstrate low level of independence in selecting a profession or structuring a personal career plan. It is established that among the male students, adherence to gender stereotypes regarding the questions of professional distribution of labor comprises 69.6%. Female students have the more egalitarian perception on this matter: 48.1% believe that the stereotypes in dividing the professions into male and female, is not relevant at present time.  The results of the research can be implemented in schools for planning and organization of the personal-target approach towards the professional orientation; by the specialists of the Department of state policy in the area of education in development of the career-oriented mechanisms of realization of state policy in the field of higher and secondary vocational education; as well as by university administration for career planning with schools.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.10.21901

Abstract: Recent researches have demonstrated that professional activity favours personal self-fulfilment and gives the sense of one's independence and self-esteem. Hoewver, professional activity also reduces the time that a woman has left for her family fulfilment which may lead to a so-called 'gender overload', tension and intrapersonal conflict. In this article Kulagina raises a question about an intrapersonal role conflict experienced by employed women. The author describes types and reasons of intrapersonal conflicts that may be experienced by women and provides the results of the empirical research that demonstrate the influence of the intrapersonal role conflict experienced by employed women on their work motivation and satisfaction with different sides of professional activity. Employed women of different ages participated in the research. The total number of participants was 160 people. The theoretical basis of the research includes concepts of gender practices. In order to achieve the research objective, the author has used the following research methods: Employed Women's Role Conflict Inventory (by E. Korneeva), 'Professional Activity Motivation Questionnaire (by K. Zemfir adapted by A. Rean), Integral Satisfaction with Work (by N. Fetiskina, V. Kozlov, and G. Manuylov). The author has also used Student's t-test to carry out mathematical-statistical processing of data. Using the methods of mathematical statistics, the author has discovered that young married women with children have the moderate intensity level of the intrapersonal conflict. They experience a harder conflict compared to mature married women with children who have demonstrated a low intensity level of the gender conflict. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.8.21452

Abstract: In her article Kulagina brings forward the problem of high school students' professional identity. The author provides a review of modern researches emphasizing the importance of the problem being raised. Based on the literary analysis, the author concludes that there are still a lot of gaps in this sphere, one of them is the insufficient number of approved teaching and learning aids that could be used in the process of teaching. The author's contribution to the aforesaid problem is her own career counseilng high school elective course that proved to be efficient. The methodological basis of the research involves researches and books written by E. Zeer, E. Klimov, and G. Rezapkina. Researches conducted by N. Pryazhnikov, and E. Klimov have also had a significant effect on the development of the educational program. The idea and contents of the eductional program are based on guidances offered by O. Makhaeva, E. Grigorieva, N. Afanasieva, S. Chistyakova and I. Umovaskaya. The author's contribution and novelty of the research is that the author has developed on her own the entire subject content of the program taking into account the declared educational target and has also included new knowledge (and new experience) that have never been mentioned by basic disciplines before. Testing the results of the program, the author has also discovered that the educational program increases the level of communicative, social and information competences of high school students which is quite important for today's young people. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0617.2016.4.21375

Abstract: This article focuses on the issue of interpersonal conflicts in work teams, defined by the style of leadership within an organization. The relevance of this issue is supported by the survey of contemporary research in this area. The author presents empirical data that reveal important aspects of behaviour strategy choice within a conflict, depending on the predominant leadership style among Municipal budget organization's employees. The author shows key characterising traits of conflict behaviour choices, depending on the leadership style, as well as the correlation between such behaviours. Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Test, and the V.P.Zakharov and I.A.Zhuravlyov "Leadership styles in work teams study" questionnaire were the main tools of research. The processing of results was performed by using Student's t-test and Karl Pearson's Correlation coefficient. The main conclusions of this research are as follows: 1) the collegial (democratic) style of leadership means that predominant conflict behaviour strategies include Collaboration and Compromise; 2) the authoritarian leadership style is characterised by Avoidance, Accommodation and Competing becoming dominant; 3) the liberal leadership style tends to lack a predominant behaviour strategy for employees. The author also notes the significant correlations between conflict strategies and leadership styles.  

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.2.18823

Abstract: The article is devoted to the topical issue of modern society, the growth of variouis forms of deviant behavior demonstrated by minors. In her research Kulagina provides a review of objective and subjective factors that determine deviation of teenagers. The article presents results of the empirical study conducted in May 2015. The purpose of the study was to define propensity of teenagers demonstrating normal behavior towards a particular form of deviant behavior as well as the intensity of their need in new and exciting experience. The analysis of the results was made based on gender differences of respondents. 180 teenagers and 70 school workers participated in the research. To collect empirical data, the author has used the inventory 'Propensity to Deviant Behavior' offered by A. Oryol as well as the school workers questionnaire prepared by the author of the article. According to the results of the research, teenagers with normal behavior also demonstrate propensity (aptitude) to practically all forms of deviant behavior. The results of the research can be useful for planning the contents of psychocorrective techniques and activities that involve teenagers. The article also presents the results of questionnaires filled in by school workers who deal with prevention of teenager deviant behavior. The author also describes the reasons of unsuccessful deviant behavior preventive measures. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0617.2016.2.21377

Abstract: This article raises the issue of interpersonal gender conflict between working men and women. The author voices their understanding that one of the main sources of this conflict is gender stereotyping and gender segregation on the labour market. This work offers an overview of modern research that confirms the relevance of the issue at hand. Basing on literary analysis the author shows the negative effects of gender stereotypes on professional self-realization of both men and women, especially those employed in a non-polytypical professional area. The author uses theoretical methods of research - analysis and systematization of data presented in scientific literature on the topic. The determining role of gender segregation and gender stereotyping in professional areas is shown from the viewpoint of working men and women forming an interpersonal gender conflict. Thus, it is shown that gender stereotypes on professional areas clash with individual gender traits of a person. The author provides several recommendations for correcting gender role conflicts.

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