DOI: 10.7256/2306-4188.2014.2.11399

Abstract: The article is devoted to special features of the American national education at the beginning of the XIXth century that created the unique socio-cultural environment for further development of education as one of the triggers of successful social development and led to the modification of Johann Pestalozzi's system of education by his student Joseph Neef. The most important part of Joseph Neef's teaching heritage is his methodological development of training and education issues. Republicanism principles were one of the most important dominants in his theory and practice of teaching as well.  In her research the author of the article has used the systems approach and the method of scientific analysis which allowed to describe Joseph Neef's theory of teaching as the realization of Johann Pestalozzi's ideas as well as the republicanism and democracy principles. The author of the article concludes that conceptual provisions of the theory of nature-aligned education allowed Joseph Neef to adapt the theory to the Amerian socio-cultural environment. As a result, Johann Pestalozzi's heritage was enriched with the innovative version of Pestalozzianism which, in its turn, created favorable conditions for the development of American economy. 

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4188.2014.2.11471

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of creating a simulation computer model of the economic and demographic development of the society and using sucha model for studying the basics of computer modelling of social and economic processes. The subject of research is the method of teaching university students hwo to use computer modelling for studying social systems. The simulation model of the society offered by the author of the article explains how to build the structural model of the modern society, create the mathematical model, develop the algorithm and write a program. The author of the article also analyzes the results of modelling different situations (sustainable development, crisis and crisis recovery). In order to create the simulation computer model of the society, the author of the article used the following methods: the systems analysis method, mathematical model method, simulation modelling method, algorithmic and programming methods. Methodological grounds for developing the teaching method under review included modern didactic and methodological principles lying in the basis of computer sciences, programming and computer modelling. The scientific importance and novelty of the research is the following: 1) the researcher developed a simple training computer model of the demographic and economic development of the society; 2) the researcher carried out the analysis of possible applications of the model when studying the basics of computer modelling of social and economic processes; 3) the researcher also provided the source program which makes it easier for university teachers to use this model. 

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4188.2014.2.11058

Abstract: In work cause and effect dependences of change of spiritual and moral values at family level in ontologic value of a family for the person and society are analyzed. The family is considered as the most important and irreplaceable part of social life, as cultural social education without which society functioning at civilized level is almost impossible. The family role in spiritual and moral value for the person and society is analyzed. The contents, conditions, ways of functioning of a family act as an object of research in respect of spiritual and moral realization of the family relations in the conditions of modern Russian reality. Relying on conceptual approaches of classics of philosophical thought, are compared interconditionality of welfare tendencies in system "the personality – a family – society" with values of the spiritual and moral contents modern the Russian society at role and value emphasis in it families as a necessary component of social life. The problem is considered through a prism of the spirituality which is carrying out a role of an initial basis in methodological functions of studying of the person and society. As fundamental methods act comparative, dialectic, a method of a philosophical hermeneutics. Sociocultural approach in combination with concepts of moral life of the identity of domestic scientists V. S. Solovyov and N. A. Berdyaev is used. In cardinally changed conditions of the Russian reality processes of adaptation of a family to new social and economic conditions of activity of the person and society are excessively complicated. It brings to need of consideration of a family for its ontologic value for the individual and society. There is a need of introduction in a scientific turn of social philosophy of the concepts "semyesposobnost" as spiritual and moral characteristic of the personality and "semyeustoychivost" as social orientation of family collective on positive functioning in system "the personality - a family - society". As a whole in the conditions of the present in Russia the social problems which decision is in many respects caused by policy change concerning a family and family values became aggravated.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4188.2014.2.11130

Abstract: In article problems of legal culture of youth, and backwardness of the modern Russian legislation regarding a regulation of the rights and obligations of the main institutes of socialization are covered.Conclusions that legal illiteracy, discrepancy of the legislation providing realization of youth policy in various spheres, but, and its bases, are the reasons of legal nihilism among youth are drawn. The purposeful state youth policy directed on increase of level of legal culture among youth is necessary for permission of these and other problems. Keywords: legal culture, legal consciousness, legal nihilism, legal education, state youth policyTheoretical and methodological basis of article are works which are in the center of attention of scientists, lawyers, sociologists, political scientists, philosophers, historians. In modern science bases of the general theory of sense of justice and legal education are already developed. It is necessary to distinguish works of the following authors from them: E.V. Agranovskaya, P.P. Baranov, A.B. Vengerov, N. V. Vitruk, V. I. Goy-man, D. A. Kerimov, N. M. Keyzerov, B. A. Kistyakovsky, V. N. Kudryavtsev, E.V. Kuznetsov, E.A. Lukasheva, N. I. Matuzov, A.B. Mickiewicz, B.C. Nersesyantsa, T.N. Radko, A.R. Ratinov, I.F. Ryabko, V.P. Salnikov, A.P. Semitko, E.H. Trubetskoy, B. N. Chicherin, T.M. Shamba, V.A. Shchegortsev.  Scientific novelty of article consists that in it an attempt to investigate a role of legal education of youth in the modern world, in the conditions of economic, political and cultural globalization is made. The found negative phenomena in the youth environment, such as teenage drug addiction, alcoholism, prostitution, lack of employment, crime, homelessness on the one hand, insufficiency of use of means of pedagogical activity in formation of legal consciousness of youth, and also need of modern society for active citizens and low level of legal competence of the population, especially younger generation – with another. Noted contradictions caused statement of a problem - search of ways of increase of legal education of youth.All this staticize the considered problem. One of the most actual problems of modern Russian society is unwillingness of citizens, and youth first of all, to participate in political and social life. Special concern is caused by tendencies to a passive position among youth. The problems connected with the organization of legal education are, actual as their theoretical, legal and practical permission will allow to lift prestige of the right and to cultivate respect for the law at youth; to create conditions for development of civil and legal activity. The practical importance of work is defined by its orientation on the solution of topical issues of further improvement of legal education of youth. The theoretical provisions containing in article can promote the solution of a number of practical problems, in particular improvement of system, forms and methods of legal education of youth in modern society. In the article practical recommendations about improvement of legal education of youth are made.  

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4188.2014.2.10873

Abstract: Article opens the purpose, tasks and the contents developed by teachers of higher education institutions of Tambov, members of unique public association of researchers of regional history and culture "The Tambov center of study of local lore" at the Tambov regional office of the Russian academy of natural sciences (TTsK) (actively is valid from 1995) educational program compendium "History and Culture of the Tambov Edge". Already in the course of its development many plots were approved not only at the international and All-Russian scientific and practical conferences, but also in audiences of educational institutions. Authors of the program prove importance of studying of the native land, the local history education connecting intellectual and spiritual resources of the person and society with habitat, for increase of culturological competence of future expert. They consider the program as a perspective form of integration of education on cultural Wednesday. The program compendium purpose – acquaintance of future experts with the main stages of process of folding of the multilayered world of culture (cultural space) the region (in borders of the Tambov edge), with its concrete historical dynamics and specifics of its manifestation at each stage of history. For realization of this purpose the version of creation of the program is offered interdisciplinary (historical and sociological on a joint from culturological). In it local history and culturological foreshortenings of consideration of regional culture taking into account the general lines of concrete historical dynamics and tendencies of formation of the Russian culture, ripening and transformations of its spiritual ideals, region roles in the course of folding of a national cultural heritage connect. At creation of a compendium the priority is given to culturological and local history approaches, methods comparative-historical, descriptive are used, reconstruction and other methods of research and a material statement that allows to reveal the general and special in development of the country and its regions, separate parts of the Tambov edge, the reason of their similarities and distinctions, helps interpretation of dynamics of "meanings" of the regional world of culture, its historical and modern stratifications. The interdisciplinary version of creation of the program considers a number of provisions actively developed by modern Chinese philosophy (Zhang Liwen, etc.) "a harmony method" (хэхэфанфа). It is considered as a complementarity method when "all things develop, without doing harm each other, and correspond with each other without mutual rejection". Nodal links and the selected material are subordinated as idea of identification of internal mechanisms of cultural development within separate territorial space, and use of a local history material in culturological training of students. Thus cultural process is considered as one of the main mechanisms of development, some kind of spring providing dynamics of functioning of various territorial processes and spiritual formation of future expert.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4188.2014.2.11369

Abstract: The 'Bioethics' Discipline taught to Russian and foreign medical students include interdisciplinary knowledge in the field of philosophy, medicine and law. This creates some difficulties for students when learning study materials as well as for teachers when carrying out the control over students' success. In the article the control method of knowledge of students (testing), and also possibility of training on basic concepts of the course "Bioethics" by means of information technologies with use of interdisciplinary approach is described. Creation of a set of tools for testing preparation at the rate "Bioethics" in the tables Microsoft Excel for students of a bachelor degree in the direction 060101 "Medical business"; the translation of tests for English for the purpose of training of the Russian and foreign students at all course, and also for the purpose of control of knowledge of students. The program set was tested on occupations in educational groups, tested by teachers. During trial operation errors of programming and separate mistakes in formulations of questions were noticed and corrected. Also the system of questions was more strictly organized. They were grouped in a certain order. Results of tests showed that the set can be used for increase of efficiency of independent occupations and carrying out the rubezhnykh and total certifications of foreign students at medical faculty of university.