DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.1.2549

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of development of international cooperation in struggle against terrorism financing and the role of The Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force (CTITF). The author defines the vectors of international cooperation; points out the problem issues of blocking the channels of terrorism financing. The author emphasizes the conclusions of the CTITF that terrorist activity should not be disorganized, but destroyed, eliminated, and that law enforcement authorities and services should develop normative acts for financial organizations about operations involved in terrorism financing. The author uses the following methodological approaches: general scientific (the systems and materialist approaches) and the methods of scientific cognition (analysis, synthesis, system comparison). The author offers a range of measures for financial monitoring and preventing measures against financial operations aimed at terrorism financing. The author not only defines new methods of data collection, but also offers the most radical and effective measures of combating extremist organizations. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.1.14812

Abstract: The article is devoted to national security and the related processes of integration and disintegration of states and political alliances. The author develops the security model defined through the dichotomy of values of development and preservation, cooperation and competition. For the purpose of the model assessment and verification the author uses historical, statistical and analytical data characterizing the security of states and alliances of states and regions: the population size and structure, socio-economic characteristics, innovation index, etc. The author uses the methods of mathematical modeling, mathematical statistics, historical data about the development of states since 1500, and the systems and natural scientific approaches. The security model gives the opportunity to solve several practical tasks: 1. To assess security of China, Russia and the USA for the period from 1500 till 2009. The author shows that social transformations in the society and the state take place when the preservation rate decreases below 0,5 – 0,6. 2. To calculate the security of the European Union according to three scenarios: creation of a commonwealth, a federation or a unitary state. The author supposes that recently the EU has reached its growth limits (and even exceeded them). Its sustainable existence is provided by means of translation of the part of military and political sovereignty to the EU by the USA and the passivity of other geopolitical actors. 3. To calculate the security of the Eastern European Union (unification of 9 states around Russia). With any form of unification the Union will be a sustainable construction. This assessment does not contradict the historical development of Russia. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.1.14886

Abstract: The subject of the research includes legal and organization problems of combating corruption in the system of public service of the Russian Federation. The author studies the mechanisms and the assessment of corruption risks which appear pending the work of penal institutions’ officials. The author notes that the majority of corruption crimes in the penal system are connected with giving or accepting a bribe. The author notes a high level of abuse of power or authority by the officials of the Federal Penitentiary Service and abuse of resources which aren’t in their possession by means of decision-making or rejection to make a decision. The author uses the general philosophical methods, the traditional legal methods (formal-logical), and the methods used in special sociological research (statistical methods, expert assessments, etc.). The article analyzes the notion of corruption, the normative-legal base of combating corruption, the recent condition of corruption in the penal system, statistical data, corruption risks classification, the main types of corruption crimes committed by the officials of the penal system. The author offers the ways of corruption prevention in the penal system. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.1.15401

Abstract: The subject of the research is protest moods of Vologda oblast inhabitants as a potential threat to social stability. The article presents the dynamics of protest potential in the period of 2000 – 2014 and the peculiarities of protest moods in various socio-demographic and income groups of population. The authors analyze socio-economic and socio-political factors determining the formation of protest moods. The authors define the conditions for social tension decrease and prevention of latent dissatisfaction spill over into disorders and disturbances. The research is based on the data of a regular public opinion monitoring held by the Institute of Socio-Economic Development of Territories of Russian Academy of Sciences on the Territory of Vologda oblast since 1995. The surveys are carried out 6 times p.a. Each survey covers 1500 respondents in Vologda and Cherepovets and in 8 regions of the oblast. The authors come to the following conclusions: -         The average protest potential of Vologda oblast inhabitants in 2014 was 19% -         Risk groups include the population aged 30-35 and older from the poorest 20% of the population, inhabitants of Cherepovets. The protest potential of these categories exceeds the average rate of the oblast; -         The main determinants of a potential protest activity in the region are the negative socio-political moods caused by the disapproval of the authorities’ actions; socio-economic indicators reflecting the inhabitants’ dissatisfaction with the material conditions and the general economic situation in the country and the region; social well-being of the population which includes social patience and emotional and psychological condition; -         A low but stable level of protest potential in the region has a reserve of “combustible” material which bears a potential threat to social stability of the regional society. The regular studies of many years allow the authors to conclude that the main precondition of social tension decrease, prevention of latent dissatisfaction spill over into disorders and disturbances, and, thus, provision of social stability is the optimization of public authorities of all levels (federal, regional, municipal), enhancement of their efficiency in the solution of socio-economic problems and in the control over the implementation of the principle of equal protection of the law. One of the main sources of these goals achievement is active cooperation of the state and the society through the mediation of social sciences: economics, political science, social psychology, history and sociology. With government order sociological researches can provide all branches of state authority with reliable, timely and sufficient information about the processes in different spheres of social life. Empirical sociological researches are one of the most efficient ways of social tension detection and measurement. The study of public opinion of regional population gives the opportunity to ascertain the general and the local factors and reasons of social tension, to reveal the powers of various social subjects, to point out the actions and events encouraging escalation of social tension in order to find possible ways and mechanisms of its regulation and management. The novelty of the research lies in the use of the data of a long-term, regular and complex monitoring of public opinion by the Institute of Socio-Economic Development of Territories of Russian Academy of Sciences, which is one of few institutions carrying out sociological researches on regional level. The present study provides continuous time series which allow analyzing the specificity of public moods in regional society. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.1.10263

Abstract: The subject of the research is religious roots of modern Russian extremism. The aim of the article is to prove that religion is a nutrient medium for various extremist movements. The author proves that the religious factor is one of the leading factors in ideological substantiation of extremist organizations of different types. In the latest variant of “The list of organizations recognized extremist by Russian courts” (of September 20, 2013) the amount of religious organizations is 27, that is 81,81%, and in the latest “Federal list of extremist materials” of July 26, 2013 14 materials (77,77%) have a direct or indirect relation to the religious sphere of Russian society. The author concludes that restoration of atheistic education will destroy the grounds for religious extremism. The facts, the results and the conclusions of the article can be used in educational and propagandistic work with youth.