DOI: 10.7256/2305-9699.2014.3.11127

Abstract: The article is devoted to the studies of the modern Russian legal understanding.  The author bases his position upon the broadening of the subject field of the legal studies in the conditions of post-Classical paradigm, within which the main attention is paid to the interpretation of the legal matters. Based upon the studies of various legal doctrines, normative expression of legal understanding in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and analysis of the modern Russian legal reality the author offers a typology of legal understanding based upon the criteria of interpretation of law and legal reality, providing for five basic models.  The combination of these models in legal reality allows one to speak of an integral character of the Russian legal understanding. The methodological basis for the studies is formed by the dialectic approach towards cognition of social matters, allowing for analysis of their historical development and their functioning within the context of combination of objective and subjective factors, as well as the post-Modern paradigm, allowing to study legal reality at various levels, including the level of legal interpretation.  The dialectic approach and post-Modern paradigm defined the choice of specific methods for the studies, including comparative, hermeneutic and discourse methods.  The article for the first time applies discourse method for the analysis of the category of legal understanding. Based upon the analysis of various methodological models the author makes a conclusion on an integral character of the Russian legal understanding, which was implemented via the pluralism of the post-Soviet legal discourse and served as a prerequisite for the multitude of meanings of legal regulators, defining the post-Soviet legal reality.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2023.8.43770

EDN: UIBRNX

Abstract: the subject of the research is the definition of the social and legal essence of self-determination of a person and a citizen. An analysis of domestic doctrinal research on this subject made it possible to single out three aspects in understanding the self-determination of a person: determining one's behavior without the intervention of third parties, establishing one's status, and the possibility of obtaining information about oneself. Each of the presented concepts, denoted by the term "self-determination", has its own value and contributes to improving the quality of life of citizens. However, an incorrect understanding of the legal essence of self-determination can give rise to negative social consequences, which already has its manifestations in Russian society. As a result of the study, the conclusion was formulated that, contrary to the widespread opinions of legal scholars, the first aspect of self-determination is not a subjective right or part of it, but the embodiment of the principle of the inadmissibility of arbitrary interference by anyone in private affairs, the effect of which, in turn, is limited the principles of inadmissibility of abuse of the right, good faith of subjects of civil law and restriction of rights in order to protect the interests of other persons. The second aspect of self-determination is not a power, but a legal fact - a unilateral transaction, in the course of which it is necessary to take into account the requirements of the legislation on the conditions for its validity. The third aspect is not a personal non-property, but an organizational subjective right, the possibility of realizing which depends on the legitimacy of the goals of using the requested information by a citizen.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2023.11.69056

EDN: QNDBVL

Abstract: The author formulates the concept, constitutional and legal basis, composition and system of the legal institution of preferences of the Russian competition law. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that by now this legal education has not only not been studied in domestic jurisprudence, but is not positioned at all in the doctrine of competition law. Moreover, some legal scholars consider it alien to competition law. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the functioning of a separate legal institution of preferences in the system of competition law, the political and legal basis of which is the constitutional and legal provisions defining the beginnings of the country's market economy and the solution of socially significant tasks of Russian society through the use of the preferential mechanism, which includes two levels of legal forms at the sectoral level norms of international acts and treaties of Russia, regulatory legal acts of the Federation, subjects of the Russian Federation and municipalities of procedural and material order, differentiating into general and special prescriptions, forming its general and special parts. In the process of studying the legal phenomenon of preferences, a dialectical method of cognition was used within the framework of a materialistic approach in combination with private scientific methods of cognition of social and legal phenomena: analysis and synthesis, observations and comparisons, system and framework method, forecasting, planning and modeling. As a result of the conducted research, the fundamentals of the theory of the competitive legal institute of preferences are presented, as well as the positions of denial of the connection of preferences with the regulation and protection of competition among legal scholars and interpretation of the relevant provisions exclusively from the perspective of anticonrurent regulation of the activities of public legal entities are refuted. The provisions and conclusions of the study can be used in the law-making and law enforcement practice of the relevant legal provisions, as well as in the educational process of training lawyers. The novelty lies in the substantive analysis of the regulatory framework for the selective provision by the authorities of public legal entities with the prior consent of the antimonopoly authority of the country to economic entities of preferences as a separate institution of a special part of competition law.The functioning of the competitive legal institute of preferences is based on legal principles that determine its method, tasks and functions.