DOI: 10.7256/2409-7136.2016.11.2072

Abstract: The paper substantiates the necessity to introduce criminal responsibility for a corruption-related collusion of parties to criminal proceedings. The research object is social relations in the sphere of criminal policy formation, struggle against corruption-related crimes, criminalization of trading in procedural influence. The research subject is the set of current anti-corruption provisions of Russian legislation. The author considers the problem of a possible corruption-related collusion of the parties to criminal or civil proceedings, aimed at a purposeful loosing of a case. Special attention is given to the social danger of such a deed and the lack of legal consequences in the current legislation. The research methodology is based on general scientific and special research methods: dialectical, epistemological, formal-legal, formal-logical, system-structure and linguistic methods. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the improvement of the legal framework of struggle against corruption. The author concludes that, in order to prevent a corruption-related collusion of parties, it is necessary to criminalize such actions as a bribery of a party to the proceedings (representatives of the plaintiff, the defendant, the aggrieved, the civil plaintiff, the private prosecutor, the lawyer), a premeditated failure to give evidence and a purposeful loosing of a case. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7136.2016.11.2106

Abstract: The article is devoted to the issues of observance of a reasonable period of time by investigative agencies during the pretrial stages of criminal proceedings. The author considers the procedural capacities of a prosecutor in this area of supervision, and the organization of the prosecutor’s supervision over the observance of the requirements for a reasonable duration of criminal proceedings. The research subject is international legal acts, the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, judicial practice and the scientific literature on this topic. The study is based on the hermeneutical methodology. The author applies general scientific methods (analysis, induction) and special scientific methods (formal-logical). The author comes to the conclusion that the realization of pretrial proceedings in a reasonable period of time doesn’t depend on the person, controlling investigators, but is predetermined by a correct organization of investigation which includes a proper performance of duties by both the pretrial investigator and the head of the investigating agency, responsible for the procedural administering of the investigation. Prosecutors should strengthen the supervision over the observance of the law on organization of procedural control by the heads of investigating agencies and display perseverance at and adherence to principles in the imposition of responsibility on the mentioned officials for an improper control over the work of their subordinate investigators. This, among other things, will improve the observance of a reasonable duration of pretrial proceedings. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7136.2016.11.2104

Abstract: The research subject is a poorly studied problem of agencies, making decisions about the reemployment of workers. The non-observance of these decisions is considered as a reason for the financial responsibility of an employer, provided by the paragraph 3, article 234 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The author gives special attention to the agencies, established by federal laws, defining the peculiarities of consideration of individual industrial disputes of certain categories of workers, which differ from jurisdictional agencies and, therefore, can’t consider industrial disputes according to the procedure, established in the chapter 60 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The research methodology is based on the general scientific dialectical method, the universal scientific methods (system-structural, functional, the methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction) and special scientific methods (historical, comparative-legal, legal and dogmatic). The scientific novelty of the study consists in the analysis of the composition of agencies, responsible for individual industrial disputes, which decide about the reemployment of the worker. The author finds out that the composition covers not only jurisdictional bodies (the Labor disputes commission, court), but also the bodies, established by federal laws, which are known as the administrative jurisdiction bodies, which also decide about the reemployment of a worker. The author comes to the conclusion that the article 382 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, defining the jurisdictional bodies, responsible for the consideration of individual labor disputes, should be amended with the bodies of administrative jurisdiction. The author proposes a new version of this article. The realization of this proposal will complement the paragraph 3 of the article 234 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation which needs improvement due to the absence of references to the bodies of administrative jurisdiction. This measure will raise the level of the financial responsibility of an employer and the protection of labor rights of a worker. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7136.2016.11.2016

Abstract: The research object is the relations, emerging in the process of ensuring the rights of women migrants in the context of struggle against HIV/AIDS. The author outlines the peculiarities of the legal mechanism of protection of the rights of women migrants in the context of struggle against HIV/AIDS: in the active involvement of employers and their organizations, social organizations and trade unions. The author studies the international tendencies of interaction between employers and trade unions and every particular role of each of the mentioned actors within this mechanism. The study emphasizes the coordinating role of international organizations in the protection of rights of women migrants by employers and trade unions. In order to obtain the most reliable scientific results, the author applies the range of general scientific methods (system-structural, formal-logical and hermeneutical) and special legal methods of cognition (comparative-legal and formal-legal). These methods are used as a single complex. Employers and trade unions play a special role in the provision of rights of women migrants in the context of struggle against HIV/AIDS. They determine the observance of the non-discrimination and gender equality principles at work. Multinational companies have activated their work, aimed at the protection of employees’ rights, including those of women migrants, in the sphere of HIV/AIDS for economic reasons: customers prefer buying the products, produced by the companies, which don’t violate human rights; the realization of programs, aimed at HIV/AIDS prevention, reduces the expenses on diseased workers. The active role is played by employers’ associations – business coalitions, which develop joint programs for HIV/AIDS prevention. Being focused on human rights, trade unions actively protect the rights of employees using the existing instruments: educational programs and courses and the representation of employees’ rights before the employers. The International Labor Organization ensures cooperation between employers and trade unions, using the three-party meetings mechanism. Collective talks between the employer and the trade union are the important institution of protection of rights of women migrants which promotes the consolidation of obligations of the employer to the employee in the sphere of struggle against HIV/AIDS in collective agreements and the anti-HIV/AIDS policy. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7136.2016.11.2107

Abstract: The paper is focused on the impact of the philosophical ideology of Jacques Maritain - one of the most prominent French philosophers of the XXth century - onto the modern concept of human rights in their legal implementation. The development of Maritain’s basic ideas proved to be rather promising for modern democracy. J.Maritain was the first who managed to unite the philosophical anthropological theory (personalism) with the actual participation in the elaboration of the ideas of human rights, oriented against totalitarian invasions in human liberties. The author of more than 60 books, J.Maritain helped revive the legacy of Saint Thomas Aquinas for the modern times and contributed to the project of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The foundation of Maritain’s thought lays in Aristotle, St. Thomas and the Thomistic traditions.Maritain was a strong defender of the natural law ethics. He considered ethical norms as being rooted in human nature. For Maritain the natural law is known primarily, not through the philosophical argument and demonstration, but rather through "Connaturality". Connatural knowledge is a kind of knowledge by acquaintance. We know the natural law through our direct acquaintance with it in our human experience. Of central importance is Maritain's argument that natural rights are rooted in the natural law. This was the key to his involvement in the drafting of the UN's Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7136.2016.11.2124

Abstract: The research object is the scientific monograph by E.V. Aristov, PhD in legal sciences, entitled “The role of political parties in the formation of a social state” (Moscow: Iuniti-Dana, 2016). The author of the scientific review considers this scientific monograph from the position of the relevance of the complex scientific model, proposed in the study. The reviewer connects the content of the monograph with the recent election in the Russian Federation and the topic of a social state (a welfare state). The research methodology is defined by the purposes of scientific reviewing and includes the methods of analysis, induction and deduction and the method of prognostic modeling. The reviewer concludes about the topicality and relevance of the monograph, fitting in the educational process and containing a fundamentally new scientific approach.