Советское гражданское законодательство и судопроизводство периода нэпа: соотношение права, экономики и политики

Никулин Виктор Васильевич

doi:10.7256/2305-9699.2013.8.9098


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Legal Studies

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Nikulin V.V. — Soviet civil legislation and judicial procedure at the time of the New Economic Policy: correlation among law, economics and politics. // Legal Studies. – 2013. – № 8. – P. 26 - 64. DOI: 10.7256/2305-9699.2013.8.9098 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=9098

Soviet civil legislation and judicial procedure at the time of the New Economic Policy: correlation among law, economics and politics.

Nikulin Viktor Vasil'evich

Doctor of History

Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law at Tambov State Technical University

Russia, 392000, Tambov, str. Sovetskaya, h.106

viktor.nikulin@mail.ru

Другие публикации этого автора

DOI:

10.7256/2305-9699.2013.8.9098

Review date:

Publish date:

1-8-2013

Abstract.

The article concerns conceptual ideas of correlation among politics, law and economics in the civil legislation and judicial procedure at the time of the New Economic Policy. The author analyzes the correlation between the political doctrine of the Bolsheviks with the civil legislation, showing specific manifestations of class policy within the civil legislation system in the Soviet Russia in 1920s. It is proven that politicized law of the Soviet Russia defined class-based approach towards the principles of civil legislation. Due to the class-based approach the motivation by economic stimulae was less efficient, and it influenced the business activities in the private economic sector. In the absence of any guarantees of private property a stable framework of legal behaviour and attitude to law was formed, and it was mostly a nihilistic one. The people wished to get by the law, gain profits by unlawful mean, and it lead to conflicts between economic interests of the state and the private capital. It is stated that throughout the period of the NEP the problem of legislative limitation of private capital was not solved. All of the Decrees of the 1920s included political elements, and it limited the freedom of economic activities. The problem of legal guarantees of proprietary rights as a basis for entrepreneurial activity was also not solved. It is stated that the institution of civil law liability was mostly class-oriented in the Soviet Russia. That is why, the judicial practice in this sphere was biased towards entrepreneurs, its typical feature was "class-related judicial simplification", which was manifest in decisions and actions of the courts outside the scope of law. In fact, the law was substituted by political positions, when the courts made politically motivated decisions instead of dealing with the facts of a case.
Keywords: property, state, economics, law, right, politics, the New Economic Policy, the Code, courts, entrepreneurship
This article written in Russian. You can find full text of article in Russian here .

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