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Philosophy and Culture
Reference:
Pantin, I. K.
October Breakthrough: Prologue to Modern Age
// Philosophy and Culture.
2012. № 7.
P. 61-74.
URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=61238
Pantin, I. K. October Breakthrough: Prologue to Modern Age
Abstract:
The author of the article breaks the tradition to view October Revolution as the beginning of
socialism in Russia. In the author’s opinion, the deal is much more than that. It was impossible to solve
the centuries-long debates between millions of peasants and Russian nobility and bourgeois class and
to create the basis for modern civilization without deposing bourgeois class and destroying capitalism
which had been formed after 1861. Non-capitalistic path of our country after the civil war turned out
to be hard and dramatic due to economic and cultural undevelopment. Lenin was one of those few who
understood how fatal the Jacobinism model of the transfer to socialism was for new Russia. However,
Lenin understanding of Russia’s social perspectives came into collusion with communistic beliefs of the
majority of Bolshevik Party members who thought they could achieve socialism by simply destroying
bourgeois class and proletarian dictatorship. After Lenin’s death those beliefs were supported by Stalin’s
government. Thanks to Stalin, socialism is now associated solely with the forced industrialization.
Independent peasant household (during so called village collectivization) was sacrificed, terror against
discontented was started (so called struggle with the enemies of the people) and totalitarian power of
the party leaders was established (proletariat dictatorship). As a result, our country now has to catch
up with the other countries and modern civilization just like France long ago did. Nevertheless, Russia
has already made the first step towards Modern Age. Today the question is more about speeding up and
expansion of this movement in history.
Keywords:
philosophy, revolution, Jacobinism, Thermidor, hegemony, Modern Age, compromise, socialism, proletariat, culture.
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