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Linguistics
Barteneva V.V. - The Kinesic Component of an Emotional Dialogue (the Case Study of William Makepeace Thackeray's Novel 'Vanity Fair') pp. 1-10

DOI:
10.7256/2409-8698.2017.1.21650

Abstract: In her article Barteneva emphasizes the role of non-verbal communication and analyzes the process of interpreting non-verbal behavior. She focuses on analyzing the interaction between verbal and non-verbal components of an emotional dialogue. The subject of the research is the language means that are used to describe different forms of emotional non-verbal behavior. The object of the research is the functioning of lexical units that reflect non-verbal communication in a literary text. Kinesics are represented as the main element of the non-verbal communication system, in particular, gestures, hand, arm or head movements and mimics are used to convey information, thoughts, intentions or feelings of heroes. The author also analyzes functions of kinesic signs in an emotional dialogue. In her research the author has used the method of continuous sampling of non-verbal communication means used in literary texts and the method of vocabulary definitions analysis. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author analyzes emotional speech of characters where each non-verbal sign is closely related to a psychological portrait of a character and his or her emotional state at that very moment. The author also defines peculiarities of the language expression of composition components that convey a non-verbal emotional communication in fiction dialogues. The author also describes the functions of gestures in a literary writing and provides specific examples for each function.  
Grishenkova E.S., Popova L.G. - Value representation of freedom in the speech of contemporary English-language and Russian-language aging politicians pp. 1-12

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.7.33235

Abstract: The goal of this work consists in determination of similarities and differences in value characteristics of freedom expressed in the speech of senior age politicians of the United States, United Kingdom and Russia. The subject of this research is the semantics of English and Russian aphorisms that represent value understanding of freedom in the speech of aging politicians of the listed countries. The speech of senior people was selected due to the lack of studies on the matter within comparative linguistics. Based on the material of aphorisms of the famous aging politicians of the United States, United Kingdom and Russia, the author defines the composition of topical units and groups that reflect value understanding of freedom in the English and Russian languages. The scientific novelty lies in the establishment of similarities and differences in value characteristics of freedom in the speech of English-language and Russian-language aging politicians. As a result of the conducted analysis, it was revealed that in the speech of English-language and Russian-language aging politicians, freedom is rarely the topic of discussion, they rather create the own aphorisms and at times utilize aphorisms from the corresponding English and Russian glossaries. Most often, aging politicians discuss the questions related to practical manifestation of freedom, as well as touch upon reflection of the value of freedom as a phenomenon or a process. Comparison of the composition of aphorisms in Russian and English languages demonstrates that they differ for the most part. The author concludes on the specificity of topical units. The acquired results can be applied in the university lectures on comparative lexicology of English and Russian languages.
Komarova K.I. - Analytical forms of expressing the category of certainty / uncertainty in modern Slovenian fiction pp. 1-7

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.4.35274

Abstract: This article examines the analytical approach towards expressing the category of certainty / uncertainty in Slovenian fiction. The analytical forms are comprised by the unchangeable article-type particle “ta”, which is commonly used in the Slovenian colloquial language, but at present is also actively used in the literary language. Special attention is given to the modern Slovenian fiction. The author analyzed ten Slovenian novels published between 2008 and 2018, and revealed all instances of using the article-type particle with both, substantive adjectives and together with adjectives and nouns. The following conclusions were formulated: colloquial elements in fiction perform a stylistic function; therefore one of the key tasks of the article-type particle consists in speech characteristic of the character, including indicating his dialect, since all instanced of using the particle are in the dialogical speech or first-person narrative. However, it is important to note that in most instances, the particle is used with substantive adjectives, which indicates lexicalization of combination of the particle and the adjective, which is used for mentioning a known person/object or indicating a characteristic feature.
Komarova K.I. - Short and long forms of the adjectives in translations of the New Testament into the Old Slavonic and the language of Slovene booklore of the XVI century pp. 1-8

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.8.36155

Abstract: This article analyzes the instances of using short and long forms of the adjectives the Old Slavonic language, as well as the analytical method of expressing the category of certainty / uncertainty in the Slovene language of the XVI century based on the example of translations of the fragments from the New Testament. The comparison of short and long forms of the adjectives is one of the ways of conveying the category of certainty / uncertainty in the Slavonic language without articles. A similar comparison of short and long forms of the adjectives can be observed in both Old Slavonic and Old Slovene languages. However, in the Slovene language, such juxtaposition ceased to exists as a result of the early contraction in pronominal forms of the adjectives; the XVI century marks the formation of the analytical method of conveying the category certainty / uncertainty using the article “ta” and “en”. The following conclusions were made: the original language could affect the translation strategy and the choice of forms, while in the Slovene language it also pertained to articles; the examples of Slovene translations that preserved the correlation of short and long forms without the presence of the part or article in the originals, testify to the development of special ways of expressing the category of certainty / uncertainty, which replaced the juxtaposition of short and long forms of the adjectives; the analytical forms in the Slovene corresponded with short and long forms of the adjectives in the Old Slavonic language, which emphasizes the similar functional yield of analytical forms with the previous juxtaposition of short and long forms of the adjectives in the Slovene language.
Shmakova A.V. - Transparency and mirroring of literary translations of fairy tales by the English writers pp. 1-8

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.11.36631

Abstract: The subject of this research is the English-Russian translation of fairy tales from the perspective of transparency and mirroring. The goal of this research is to determine the strategy for literary translation of the English fairy tales. Linguostylistic and comparative analysis is conducted on B. Zakhoder's translations of such fairy tales as “Alice in Wonderland” by L. Carroll, “Winnie the Pooh and All, All, All” by A. Milne, and “Mary Poppins” by P. Travers. The modern theory of translation largely focuses on the various aspects of equivalence and adequacy of the original and translated texts; describes the requirements for the quality of translation, including literary translation. Russian and foreign researchers show heightened attention to the concepts of transparency and mirroring in translation, namely literary translation of children's literature substantiated by the specificity of the target audience. The scientific novelty consists in application of the modern postulates of the theory of translation to children's literature, which broadens knowledge in this scientific field. The main conclusion lies in following the theory of translation transparency for the child reader in translation of children's literature. As a result of the analysis of B. Zakhoder’s translations of fairy tales by L. Carroll, A. Milne, and P. Travers into the Russian language, it is noted that they reflect the general patterns of translation children's fiction, take into account psychological characteristics of the audience, text is adapted to be comprehensible for children, considerable attention is given to the emotional component, expressiveness, and humor. Although B. Zakhoder’s translations are not the full interpretation, he follows the theory of transparency. Imaginative interpretation of the text demonstrates the specificity of translator’s individual style.
Karpova Y.A., Stefanchikov I.V. - On the origin of the Uruguayan voseo pp. 1-14

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.12.37094

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the origin of the phenomenon of voseo in the Uruguayan Spanish. Description is given to the evolution of the use of pronoun ‘vos’ and the corresponding verb forms in the Old Spanish and classical Spanish language, as well as to specificity of the development of the forms of voseo in Latin America (namely the process hybridization of the paradigm). Special attention is given to the spread of this linguistic phenomenon in the Río de la Plata, which includes the territory of modern Uruguay, in the context of the history of colonization. The author examines the theory of the two “norms” (urban and rural) to clarify the correlation between ‘tú’ and ‘vos’ in the Uruguayan Spanish of the XVIII – XXI centuries. This article is first within the Russian Spanish studies to examine the forms of address in the Uruguayan Spanish from the diachronic perspective, as up to the present it has rarely become the focus of attention of the Soviet and Russian philology. The following conclusions are formulated: 1) the key factor in wide spread occurrence of voseo in the Spanish language of America lies in the specificity of assimilation of the Spanish language by autochthonous and mixed population; 2) unlike Spain and some regions of America, the forms ‘vos’ prevalent Río de la Plata with the beginning of colonization have not been displaced by the form ‘tú’ due ti peripheral location of the territory and remoteness from cultural centers of the empire; 3) at the same time, the presence of tuteo was more noticeable in the cities, which led to the formation of two “norms” in the region – rural, characterized by voseo; and urban tuteo, which was oriented towards Pyrenean norm.
Solovyeva A., Shishkina T.G. - English military aviation terminology as the object of lexicography pp. 1-11

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.3.37547

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the English military aviation terminology and its characteristic, the analysis of which is essential for the development of special terminological dictionary. The goal lies in examination of the peculiarities of creation of the dictionary of English military aviation terminology. The author sets the task to analyze the key theoretical issues associated with the development of dictionaries; determine the stages of this process; consider these stages in the context of working on the dictionary of English military aviation terminology. The relevance of this topic is substantiated by the need for various types of terminological dictionaries, namely for the cadets of military aviation universities. The article explores the peculiarities and stages of creating the dictionary of English military aviation terminology. The research and practical lexicographic work lean on the scientific works of Russian and foreign scholars. The dictionary under development is the first attempt to create the terminological resource that incorporates the terms related to the operation of military aircraft (namely helicopters), and the characteristics of the ideographic dictionary and textbook. It will be supplemented with special academic and methodological complex.
Shmakova A.V. - How is the translation of English fairy tales born in the aspect of intercultural communication pp. 1-8

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.4.37682

Abstract: The relevance of the research topic is due to the increased interest in fairy tales within various directions and approaches, which is associated with the loss of low-quality stigma in children's literature compared to works intended for adults. Within the framework of translation theory, the main attention is paid to the peculiarities of the transfer of linguistic and stylistic features of children's literature and other translation difficulties. The purpose of the study is to identify patterns of transmission of national and cultural identity in the translation of fairy tales. Fairy tales from the collections "Pack from the Magic Hills" and "Gifts of fairies" by R. Kipling are considered. A linguistic and cultural analysis is carried out, the used translation transformations are highlighted.The subject of the study is the general trends in the treatment of elements of foreign culture when translating English fairy tales into Russian.   The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of translation from the position of adaptation of culturally colored elements for children. It is revealed that cultural adaptation is often made, which is not required for adult works. The results of the study demonstrate that in the process of translating English fairy tales, a balance is being sought between introducing children to another culture and the need to adapt the material for ease of perception by the audience. When translating for children, translation transformations are actively used, bringing culturally colored elements closer to familiar ones or simplifying their understanding, which is not always required for an adult audience. The way of handling labeled elements depends on their plot and ideological significance, cultural value and level of fame, the context of use, the chosen translation strategy and other factors.
Koshevskaya A.Y. - «Vicious» or «selected»? The linguosemantics of dispondee ending in Cicero's In Catilinam pp. 1-8

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.5.37897

Abstract: This article is devoted to the study of "heavy" clauses, i.e. the rhythmics of dyspondee [– – – x], molossus and spondee [– – – – x] and creticus and molossus [– ᴗ – – – x ] at the end of the period in classical Latin prose on the material of Cicero's speeches "Against Catilina". The first paragraph, containing a brief outline of the history of the study of metric clauses, is generally devoted to two different approaches to the study of such rhythmic structures, namely the method of A. Bornecque, who called such clauses "vicious" and subjected some of them to conjuncture, and the teaching of Th. Zielinski, who distinguished them into a special class of "selected". As a result, the question of an alternative approach to the study of clauses is raised.   The second paragraph contains an analysis of the dyspondean clauses in Cicero's speeches "Against Catilina" regarding the frequency and place of their use in pericopes; the analysis uses a new methodology for studying the rhythm of prose developed by the author of the article. The relatively high frequency of heavy clauses indicates their essential role in the rhythmic organization of the text, and Cicero's desire to avoid such clauses at the end of super-phrasal units indicates their associative connection with the continuation of thought. Based on the data obtained, conclusions are drawn about the specific role of "heavy" clauses in the logical division of the text, which indicates the truth of Zielinski's theory.
Kuteko D.A. - Features of the functioning of the article in comedies of Italian authors of the 16th century pp. 1-8

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.9.43777

EDN: UHIGGI

Abstract: The use of the article is often connected with difficulties for those people who study the Italian language, especially if it is absent in their native language. It is necessary to study the article comprehensively to understand its functioning better. For example, it is important to considerate the historical aspect: its formation, as well as the principles and contexts of its using during early stages of development. That's why the subject of the study is the functioning of the definite, indefinite and partitive article in the texts of comedies written by Italian authors of the 16th century. Particular attention is paid to the use of the partitive article in prepositional constructions because this structure, according to F. Sabatini, is considered an innovative trend in the modern Italian language of informal communication. The scientific novelty is in the material chosen for this research. Previously, Italian comedies were not used as a source of value for obtaining new knowledge about the language, in particular, the aspect concerning the functioning of the article. It is important that their texts imitate informal everyday communication, and therefore serve as valuable material for analyzing the language of the 16th century. The examples given in this research give reason to believe that the use of the partitive article with prepositions is not an innovation of italiano neostandard. Thus, at the present moment, the Italian language does not develop innovative structures, but rather undergoes a process of restandartization.
Linko A.V. - On the Classification of Ancient Greek Toponyms (based on the Material of Ancient Toponyms of the Cilician Plain) pp. 7-16

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.10.38888

EDN: FMYTHY

Abstract: The article is devoted to the methods of classification of ancient toponyms from the point of view of their external and internal structure. The first paragraph of the article gives a brief outline of the history of the issue. Despite the generally large number of works devoted to individual problems of ancient Greek toponymy or individual toponyms, only a few works in both domestic and foreign scientific historiography are devoted to the study of ancient Greek toponymy as a system from a philological point of view. The object of research in this article is the problems of creating a common word-formation-semantic classification of ancient Greek geographical names as a whole. The subject of the study is the ancient toponyms of the Cilician plain (Greek. Κιλικία πεδιάς) – low plains in the south of modern Turkey. Among the toponyms of Plain Cilicia, geographical names of ancient Greek and Latin origin (24 ancient Greek and 5 Latin names) were selected and analyzed for morphological structure and semantic features. Special attention is paid to the problems of etymologization of toponyms and the indication of centuries of fixation. The classification of ancient Greek toponyms, proposed in a 1965 article by the Swiss Hellenist Ernst Risch, is taken as a basis. The results of the study are presented in a table reflecting the four main word-formation types of ancient Greek toponyms in diachrony.
Bakhmatov D.A. - On life cycle of a phrase (a case study of German language) pp. 9-20

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.8.33502

Abstract: The goal of this research consists in identification and complex description of the stages of existence of a phrase. The subject of this research is changes in the use that afflict phrases in diachrony. The author determines the types of such changes, which characterize the stages of existence of a phrase since its emergence, as well as possible ways of development of a phrase (in terms of unchangeability of its composition and level of idiomaticity).Based on the material of verbal-nominal phrases in German language, both free and phraseologisms, and attraction of corpus-based data, the changes in use are perceived as elements of a single process. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to describe the models of diachronic changes as cyclic processes; reveal common trends in development of phrases and in applicability of the definition of “life cycle” to the indicted processes. The concept of “life cycle”, used in various sciences for designating the natural, repeating processes, found its reflection in linguistics. However, cyclic processes in phraseology yet remain unstudied, despite the existing description of such phenomena as usualization, phraseologization, and dephraseologization. In conclusion, the author presents a dynamic model of life cycle of a phrase; the changes in use are viewed as its part; as well as offers the terms “deusualization” and “reusualization”. The obtained life cycle model can find application in further research in the area of diachronic phraseology and phrase formation.
Wang S. - Comparison of the concept of "winter" in Russian and Chinese linguistic cultures pp. 9-18

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.4.37640

Abstract: The article examines the interpretation of the concept of winter in Russian and Chinese linguistic cultures, analyzes and compares the similarities and differences of the same concept in different linguistic worldviews, analyzes the linguistic expression of the concept of "winter" in order to study the lexical and semantic field in different cultures and its paradigmatic ordering. Russian Russian and Chinese languages, despite the differences in word formation, there is a similarity in the semantic paradigm, and the basic meaning of the concept of winter is seasonal in both Russian and Chinese, but there is a noticeable difference in the formation of lexico-semantic groups, although the concept of "winter" is universal. Russian Russian language pictures of the world, and the purpose of the comparison is to identify similarities and differences in the concept of winter and to characterize the features of lexico-semantic groups in the Chinese and Russian language pictures of the world. Therefore, the main attention in the article is paid to the separation of lexico-semantic groups of the expression "winter" as a conceptual word in the Chinese and Russian language pictures of the world, and the purpose of the comparison is to identify similarities and differences in the concept of winter and to characterize the features of lexico-semantic groups in the Chinese and Russian language pictures of the world. Russian Russian and Chinese concepts of winter are essentially the same, but the perception of winter by the Russian and Chinese peoples in different historical and cultural contexts is significantly different. And the novelty of the research lies in the fact that the uniqueness and peculiarity of the concept of winter are considered in the aspect of lexico-semantic groups in different linguistic pictures of the world.
Xu M. - Nonverbal communication in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language pp. 11-18

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.9.36113

Abstract: The command of nonverbal communication skills contributes to the establishment of interpersonal contact, creating a favorable atmosphere, including during the classes “Russian as a Foreign Language”. In the context of teaching Russian as a foreign language, nonverbal communication plays a significant role in the communication process. The subject of theis research is the peculiarities of nonverbal communication in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The object of this research is the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The article employs comparative, descriptive and analytical methods of research. Methodology is based on the works of the  Russian authors (T. A. Gridina, V. N. Kunitsyn, V. U. Nogaev, and others). Practical importance lies in applicability of the acquired results to the development of textbooks on the topic, as well as “Russian as a Foreign Language” classes. The author examines various aspects of nonverbal communication and determines the means that may complement verbalization, thereby improving the learning efficiency. The novelty of this paper consists in the attempt to broaden didactic methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language from the perspective of effectiveness of nonverbal means of communication as a didactic instrument. The conclusion is made that flexible use of nonverbal communication in teaching Russian as a foreign language may enhance motivation of students; improve the learning process alongside professional competencies of the pedagogue.
Wang S. - Analysis of the lexico-semantic group "day/昼夜" in Russian and Chinese linguocultures pp. 14-21

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.6.38042

Abstract: The article is an analysis of the lexico-semantic group, which is an important part of the study of semantics. The relevance of the research topic is due to the great research significance and value of studying linguoculture in various national language pictures of the world. The day as a part of time is the main key concept for the study of time, and the study of time for the analysis of differences and similarities between the language and culture of different countries and peoples has become a hot topic for scientists of the linguistic community. The purpose of the work is to consider the specific differences and similarities between the lexemes "day" of the Russian and Chinese languages by highlighting the lexico-semantic group. The article also analyzes the term "day" in order to identify differences in the linguistic worldview of different nationalities.   As the main methods of analysis and research, the component method was used, which allows a deeper and more detailed interpretation of the lexeme "day" and its lexico-semantic group in two language pictures of the world. The scientific novelty of the work is to identify the differences and similarities between the Russian and Chinese languages and culture through the reflection of various details and a detailed analysis of the lexico-semantic group with the allocation of the "measurement of time", "movement of the sun and moon", "human activity" in it. The differences and similarities in the perception of time by a person in different linguistic pictures of the world are demonstrated.
Zagrebelnaya A.S. - Discursive strategies and tactics of a romantic communicative personality in the situations of romantic communication pp. 16-24

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.6.35747

Abstract: The goal of this research consists in identification of the strategies and tactics of a romantic communicative personality in situations of romantic communication in the Russian and English linguocultures. The article reveals the content of the conceptual apparatus of research, namely the terms “romantic discourse”, “discursive strategy”, and “discursive tactics” that are directly related to the questions of verbalization of inner intentions of the parties to communication process. It is demonstrated that romantic communication in the Russian and English linguocultures is characterized by the use of certain strategies and tactics of romantic communicative personality, which are implemented on the language level in the situations of romantic communication. Their application is predetermined by particular motives that can be traced in the speech. The scientific novelty of this research consists in determination of the crucial intentional difference in realization of the motivated discursive strategies and tactics of a romantic communicative personality in the context of romantic communication in the Russian and English linguocultures, which lies in the divergence of the ethnic- cultural background. The conducted research reveals the most frequently used discursive strategies and tactics of a romantic communicative personality in the Russian and English linguocultures, which are grouped into a table in accordance with the indicated linguocultures in order to better understand the discursive strategies and tactics characteristic to each linguoculture.
Zinnatullina L. - Variability of Adverbial Phraseological Units in the Russian and English Languages pp. 17-25

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.4.30329

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the variability of adverbial phraseological units in the English and Russian languages. The subject of the research is the peculiarities of different kinds of phraseological unit variants in two languages compared: lexical, phonetic, morphological, combined and graphic that are defined based on the criteria of separability of phraseological units as well as the means of their contextual use. The researcher also compares the frequency of the use of these variants in Russian and English. Examples of the use of different variants of adverbial phraseological units are selected from Russian and British national corpuses. The research methods used by the researcher include: comparitive method, method of phraseological description offered by A. Kunin as well as contextual method and method of corpus linguistics. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the researcher defines the frequency of represented variants of adverbial phraseological units and compares them. The researcher also appeals to two major national corpuses for the first time in the academic litrature. The main conclusions of the research are the following: adverbial phraseological units of both languages have lexical and combined variants; morphological variants are typical for Russian and not so frequently met in English; there is a limited number of phonetic variants in Russian while graphic variants of adverbial phraseological units are typical for English. 
Stefanchikov I.V. - Comparisons with Greek as a Tool for Asserting the Prestige of the Castilian Language in Golden Age Spain pp. 17-29

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.10.39009

EDN: FGHIPI

Abstract: The article addresses the subject of the use of Greek in the apologiae for Castilian (Spanish) language, drawing upon the key Spanish scientific treatises, and literary texts of the Spanish Golden Age (end of the 15th — first half of the 17th centuries), which mention Greek in an attempt to assert the prestige of Castilian. Particular attention is paid to the judgments about Greek and native languages expressed in the works of A. de Nebrija, J. de Valdés, C. de Villalón, F. de Medina, A. de Morales, F. de Quevedo, G. Correas and other writers and thinkers. Most studies in the field have always been primarily focused on the comparisons of Romance languages with their “mother”, Latin, while the use of Greek in the apologiae for Castilian has been a less frequent topic of study. The author comes to a conclusion that Greek invariably acts as the highest reference point for the Spanish grammarians, philologists and thinkers (and as an arbitrator or, sometimes, an "ally" of Castilian), while the attitudes towards Latin evolve over the course of the 15th–17th centuries.
Zhang D. - Cognitive scenario of “school attendance” in linguistic consciousness of the Russians and Chinese pp. 18-27

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.6.32998

Abstract: The goal of this work consists in determination of similarities and differences of cognitive scenario of “school attendance” in linguistic consciousness of the Russians and Chinese. The linguistic terms “concept”, “scenario”, and “frame” are clarified. Comparison is conducted on lexicographic meanings of lexical units 学生 and ‘student’. The author analyzes the associative fields of ’学生 – ‘student’, 小学 – ‘elementary school’, 中学 – ‘middle school’, and ‘school’; compares the scenarios of “school attendance” in Russia and China. The relevance of this work is substantiated by the trend of strengthening of cooperation and exchange in the sphere of education between Russia and China. Cognitive analysis of associative field allows reconstructing the concept as a unit of individual mental lexicon, and cultural phenomenon. The concept is defined as a core meaningful unit of memory, mental lexicon, conceptual scheme of the entire worldview reflected in a human psyche. The frame is a special type of cognitive model, which represents knowledge belonging to either specific or common situations; while scenarios are the structures of knowledge particularly designated for recurrent sequence of events. The article applies a free association experiment that is one of the means of externalization of linguistic consciousness. The scientific novelty lies in selection of the relevant, but insufficiently explored topic – the comparative study of cognitive structures in the sphere of education of Russia and China. As a result, the author determined the differences in cognitive scenario of “school attendance” in linguistic consciousness of Russian and Chinese students. The differences consists in the following: 1) school uniforms; 2) distance between school and home; 3)requirements for physical training of the students (Chinese students to morning exercises, some activities between the lessons, and eye exercises; 4) ceremonies and rituals (on Mondays, Chinese schools do the national flag-raising ceremony; and welcoming ritual at the beginning of each lesson); 5) and length of the education process. The acquires results may be valuable in further comparative study of Russian and Chinese educational discourse.
Li X. - Structural and semantic features of verbs of interpersonal relations in Russian and Chinese pp. 19-26

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.5.40704

EDN: YSSWNI

Abstract: The subject of the study is the structural and semantic features of verbs expressing interpersonal relationships in two different-structured Russian and Chinese languages. The purpose of the work is to provide a comparative description of the structure of verbs and their semantic features, as well as to identify the specifics of grammatical categories and compare the word-formation types of verbs in two languages. The following methods were used in this article: descriptive method, comparative method and component analysis method. From the point of view of the structural-semantic approach, the verbal vocabulary of the Russian and Chinese languages expressing interpersonal relations still remains insufficiently studied, so research in the field of verb semantics is relevant. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that for the first time the common and unique features of the analyzed verbs are considered in comparison. It is shown that an important feature of Russian verbs is that they have many forms of word change with different meanings, whereas in Chinese the verb has no forms of word change and semantic diversity. The results of the research can be used in the process of teaching lecture courses on comparative lexicology of Russian and Chinese languages; when reading special courses in cognitive linguistics, linguoculturology, intercultural communication. The conclusion of this research is that compared with Russian verbs, which are characterized by a wealth and variety of affixes, Chinese verbs do not have possibilities of word formation for expressing different grammatical meanings. These various structural and semantic features of Russian and Chinese verbs complicate the understanding of the text and create significant difficulties in translation, as well as in the practice of teaching these languages as foreign.
Juqman E. - Linguo-stylistic specificity of the audiovisual mass media pp. 22-27

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.5.29951

Abstract: Audiovisual mass media is closely connected with linguo-stylistics, from the position that language is viewed as a cultural code of the nation, since most of the information is ingested by a human through linguistic channel. As to linguo-stylistics, it was formed on the seam of linguistics and culturology, and its mission is researching the manifestation of peoples’ culture, established in the language and texts. The audiovisual mass media in its purpose represents an efficient instrument of influence upon the public recipient, which speaks to its linguo-stylistic specificity. The audiovisual mass media combines radio, cinematography, photography, fine art, theater and other preceding means of communication and creative activity. Synthesizing the image and sound using specificity of modern linguo-stylistic means of delivering information, it is capable of achieving near perfect life-likeness of the transmitted pictures, as well as ensure simultaneousness of events and viewer’s observation thereof. Television makes it extremely easy for the audience to ingest information, thus carries educational, propagandistic and manipulative payloads of colossal scale. The main advantages of these means of mass media pertains to its operating efficiency, accessibility for the broadest spectrum of the population, practically limitless proliferation, as well as technical ease and cheapness of the production process.
Lyu V. - Theory and practice of simultaneous Russian-Chinese translation teaching for Chinese students pp. 22-34

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.6.38096

Abstract: The purpose of the study is to make special exercises for Chinese students who study simultaneous translation from Russian to Chinese, based on the classical Soviet theory of translation and comparative linguistics. At the moment of simultaneous translation a transformation of a different language system is necessary. Russian language at the level of phonetics, syntax, vocabulary, etc. is very different from the Chinese language — Chinese students inevitably encounter a number of language barriers. The relevance of the research is due to the rapid growth of the need for highly qualified Russian-Chinese simultaneous interpreters against the background of the development of the "One Belt, One Road" program. To overcome such problems, special exercises are required to cultivate the skills and abilities of searching and making translation in conditions of a tight time limit. In order to achieve this research goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: firstly, to formulate the purpose of teaching simultaneous Russian-Chinese translation from the point of view of A. F. Shiryaev; secondly, to compile a series of simultaneous translation exercises based on comparative linguistics.
Oparina K.S. - Context as an activator of connotations (on the material of Kurt Pinthus’ anthology “The Twilight of Humanity”) pp. 24-34

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.7.33388

Abstract: The goal of this research consists in determination of the types of contexts in the lyric poetry of German expressionism that contribute to the emergence of connotations in the semantics of a word. The subject of this article is the extralinguistic and linguistic contexts. The work employs the methods of contextual, component and interpretative analysis. In chronological sequence, the article describes various theories of contextual analysis and summarizes their main provisions. The author differentiates two types of context in a literary work: extralinguistic and linguistic; the latter is divided into micro- and macro-contexts. The poems of anthology of expressionist lyrics of Kurt Pinthus “The Twilight of Humanity” served as the material for this research. The scientific novelty consists in determination of the five types of linguistic micro-context, as well as analysis of the results of their interaction with semantically implemented word based on the material of the lyric poetry of German expressionism. In the course of study, it was established that extralinguistic context includes the artistic worldview of German literary expressionism as a whole, and artistic concept of “vitalism” as one of its crucial structural elements in particular. A specific poem is a macro-context. The indicatory minimum for the semantically implemented work contains five mechanisms: grammar parallelism, subjective predicative relations, complement in the genitive case, complement in the accusative case with preposition, attributive. The emergence of connotations in the sense of semantically implemented work was viewed on the example of representatives of the artistic concept of “vitalism”, which in broadly understood as “activeness”. The acquired results can be used for comprising individual authorial glossaries, as well as handbooks on text stylistics and history of foreign literature.
Lin L. - Functionality of the adverb “contrarily” in adnominal position pp. 25-32

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.6.35703

Abstract: The object of this research is the adverb “contrarily” adjacent to the noun. The goal of this article is to indicate the peculiarities of functionality of the adverb in this position. It is established that the adverb “contrarily” is characterized by adjunction to nouns of substantive semantics and proper names, as well as nouns of abstract semantics. The use of this adverb as a characteristic of an object or phenomenon requires explanation, which is usually given in the preceding or subsequent context. The adverb “contrarily” or a substantive-adverbial combination as a whole is often enclosed in quotation marks. This underlines the irregular method selected by the speaker for describing an object or phenomenon using an adjacent adverb. This article is the first to analyze the peculiarities of functionality of the adverb “contrarily” in adnominal position. The article employs the Russian National Corpus for collecting the material; the analysis of language material is based on the method of continuous sampling. The adnominal use of the adverb “contrarily” in associated with the absence of a special lexeme for denoting the described object of speech. The acquired results contribute to the theoretical description of adverbs as part of speech, and can be used in teaching morphology, syntax and semantics in the course of modern Russian language, as well as in teaching Russian as a foreign language.
Vavichkina T. - Main peculiarities of Arabic-language content on the Internet pp. 29-38

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.12.34372

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the trend that emerged in recent decades to transliterate Arabic text in the Internet comments and text messages, using the numbers for conveying the specificity of Arabic sounds. The object of this research is Arabizi – the macaronic jargon in electronic correspondence of Arabic native speakers, while subject is its specific characteristics. In the course of study, the author selected the microtexts posted by Arabic-speaking audience in the popular social networks Facebook and Twitter, YouTube video hosting, as well as private correspondence via such messengers as Viber and WhatsApp. The mandatory criterion was the affiliation of words to the common Arabic lexicon, as well as validation and similarity of the materials from different sources. Misprints and erratives were left out. The selected examples were classified by age (group 1 – 30 – 35 years old, group 2 – above 35 years old.) and nationality (from any Arab country) of their author. The scientific novelty is define by the fact that this article is first to examine the features that differentiate Arabizi from similar macaronic jargons, such as Denglish, Franglais, Spanglish, Ruglish. Possible ways for further development of language situation in the Arab world are proposed. The author determined that short messages in Arabizi virtually frame the written form that captures the specificity of oral dialect speech of the Arabic native speakers. The conclusion consists in formulation of distinctive characteristics of the indicated macaronic language that emerged as a result of interference due to familiarization of Arabs with the European languages, namely English.
Davydov T., Gorshkov A.I. - Adaptation of Iranian and Semitic loanwords in the Ancient Greek language: 'garden' / ' garden of Eden’ (on the example of the lexemes παράδεισος and a number of γάνος-γανναθ — (αλ)γοναιναθ) pp. 30-50

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.8.36284

Abstract: The object of this research is the problems of functionality of Iranian and Semitic loanwords in the Ancient Greek language, while the subject is the lexemes παράδεισος, γάνος, γανναθ, (αλ)γοναιναθ. The authors meticulously examine such aspects of the topic as the morphological and phonetic assimilation of foreign language lexicon, nonobservance of phonotactics of the Greek language, impact of folk etymology upon the word form , absence of diacritics in conveying Semitic borrowings in the Greek language. Special attention is given  to the problems of etymologization, nuances of dictionary definitions throughout different periods: classical, Hellenistic, Hellenistic-Roman, Late Antique, and Byzantine. It is noted that over time, close ties with barbarian peoples affected the Greek language itself. The main conclusion consists in determination of the gradation of lexemes under review in accordance with the degree of their adaptation to the Greek phonetics and phonotactics, as well as morphology. The author's special contribution to this research consists in proving the results and conclusions of a range of previous studies, as well as in critical coverage of the controversial concepts. The novelty lies in the proposed etymology of the lexeme παράδεισος, and the new interpretation of its vocalism. The relevance of this work lies in involving rare lexicon, which previously has not received due attention within the existing scientific tradition.
Stefanchikov I.V., Davydov T., Gorshkov A.I. - Etymology and Adaptation of Loanwords in Greek: μοῦτζος / μοῦτσος and μουζακίτζης [L. Diac. hist. V 91–92] — Span. mozo? Pers. موزک? Arm. մուճակ? Slav. ìѹæü? pp. 30-49

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.10.39015

EDN: FAXQPU

Abstract: The object of our research is the problem of the integration of Spanish, Persian, Armenian and Slavic loanwords into the Greek language, while the subject is the etymology of μοῦτζος / μοῦτσος and μουζακίτζης. Special attention is paid to the problems of etymology and the nuances of dictionary entries throughout various time periods and source languages. It can be stated that the loanwords originated from various spheres of human activity, such as: seafaring, commerce, warfare, politics and government. We take in account both linguistic peculiarities and the usage context of μουζακίτζης, which is a hapax legomenon in Leo Deaconus’s Historia. The main conclusion of the study is that the most plausible version of the origin of μουζακίτζης is the Persian one (from موزک mūzak). We also provide solid counter-evidence against the Irano-Armenian and Slavic versions. The Spanish etymology of μοῦτζος / μοῦτσος (← mozo) is confirmed, possibly via Italian mozzo. The novelty of the study consists summarizing of the lexicological and lexicographic descriptions of the analyzed words and in the systematization of Byzantine and Modern Greek anthroponymy containing the Μο(υ)ζακ- element, as well as in the proposed conjecture into the text of Leo Deaconus’s edition, which assumes capitalization (Μουζακίτζης instead of μουζακίτζης). The relevance of the study is determined by the analysis of the loanword borrowing into the lexical fund of the Greek language within the context of the multilingualism of the Byzantine Empire, including the use of vocabulary, which has so far received insufficient attention in linguistics.
Tadzhibova A.N. - The World of Metaphor in Mass Media Discourse pp. 35-44

DOI:
10.7256/2409-8698.2016.2.19135

Abstract: The subject of the research is the mass media discourse and a media metaphor as a method of impact on public consciousness. The object of the research is the web-based media in Russian and German that contain information on the events taking place in the world. Special attention is paid to the language of media discourse which is characterized by fast adaptation to the changing realities of our life, subtle analysis of the social priorities influencing consciousness of people and determining their behavior and exact reflection of these aspects in the texts. Evaluativity and capability to influence mass consciousness are important functions of media discourse. Changes of social conditions and public formations lead to the change of language and by that to change of people. In her research the author has applied the complex method of research which includes methods of the comparative description of metaphors and analysis and the method of continuous sampling of discursive fragments. The author comes to the conclusion about interrelation of lexico-semantic processes and social and political changes as it is most effective as means of reflection of changes in the society life. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author describes metaphors that are staticized in the Russian and German media discourses, and promoting, in general, the formation of ideas of election campaign in the USA and creation of the political image of candidates. Such approach to research has allowed to determine general tendencies of the development of mass media discourse in Russia and Germany.
Derevskova E., Dorfman O., Pozdniakova N. - Language metaphor generating tropes pp. 36-44

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.3.39953

EDN: EPSAXT

Abstract: The article deals with the trope system of the Russian language. The aim of the article is to reveal the stages of analysis which students need to pass to identify different tropes based on usual metaphor. For mastering theoretical material the authors suggest the teaching technique founded on the step-by-step topic learning. The chosen form of the material presentation has determined the direction of tasks combined into three modules: "Language metaphor - Artistic metaphor"; "Language Metaphor - Personification," "Language Metaphor - Figurative comparison". Module work is connected, firstly, with the tasks involving consulting with dictionaries, studying the structure of dictionary entries, revealing the lexical-semantic variants of a polysemant word that determine the specifics of an individual trope. Secondly, the authors suggest types of exercises which involve context observing and help students rethink the meaning of a word and then correctly identify the functioning of the trope in the text. While studying the topic, each of the modules gives the opportunity to combine knowledge of theory and practical analysis of objective material and that makes the results of research work valuable, and conclusions conscious. While training bachelor-philologists, linguists, teachers of the Russian language and literature and students of general and (or) secondary general education, the suggested technique for studying complex issues of lexical semantics and trope system allows students to develop skills that implement professional competence related to the readiness to use systematized theoretical and practical knowledge to set and solve research problems in the field of education.
Fazlyeva Z.K. - The role of youth jargon within the system of Russian language pp. 37-45

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.4.30799

Abstract: Despite the fact that youth jargon in a certain way reflects the worldview of young people, the Russian linguistics did not dedicated due attention to this question. At some point, significant contribution to the research of this problematic was made by the experts in linguistics such as A. M. Selischev, E. D. Polivanov, M. A. Grachev, V. M. Mokienko, etc. However, there are still gaps and multiple controversial issues in studying this phenomenon. One of them pertains to terminological definition of this concept, since there is no evident characteristics and properties that allow to clearly differentiate it from other linguistic phenomena, such as argot, slang, dialect, sociolect. There is also no unified system of dictionary noted for lexicographic fixation of jargon units, as well as systematized description for youth jargon in various Russian regions. Youth jargon represents rich material for linguistic analysis, since it has diverse lexical composition – alongside multiple neologisms and foreign borrowings, it contains a significant portion of archaic lexicon. Examination of jargon reveals certain mechanism of word formation, uncommon for the standard lexicon. Knowledge and application of such lexicon is essential for better understanding of the modern fiction literature and periodicals, modern colloquial, translation activity, as well as social differentiation of national language.
Breusova E.I., Rudneva O.V. - Reflection of orthographocentrism in dictations as a form of input control pp. 38-44

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.2.37512

Abstract: This article is prepared at the intersection of several branches of science, reflecting one of the problems of Russian language teaching techniques through the prism of metalanguage consciousness of the native speakers. The subject of this research is the reflection of the signs of orthographocentrism in dictation as a form of control. The object is dictation as a form of control. The article aims to prove that dictation as a form of input control manifests orthographocentrism as one of the presumptions of metalanguage consciousness of the native speakers. The analysis of dictation results written by the first-year students of non-philological specialty in the beginning of the academic year, once again confirms that this type of control is only the spelling literacy level check of the students, rather than their communicative competencies. The main conclusions are as follows: dictation does not detect the level of formation of communication skills of the school graduates thar are essential for training and effective interaction in society overall. Dictation tests the level of orthographic (and punctuation) literacy. The analysis of dictations indicated that besides the familiar types of errors, they may contain incorrect spellings that are outside the traditional classification methods for teaching the Russian language. Spelling errors should be considered as communicative hindrances within the communication structure, since orthography as the language section can be presented in the communicative aspect. In this regard, the existing classifications of errors can be revised, so are the criteria and evaluation of students' written tests.
Ertsikova G.A. - Russian borrowings in Mountain Aryan speech and their use by modern native speakers pp. 39-46

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.12.34504

Abstract: Russian Russian The subject of this study was foreign language words that penetrated into the speech of native speakers of the Mountain-Aryan language from Russian or through the Russian language. The object of the study is the oral speech of modern speakers of the Mountain-Aryan language. The purpose of the work is to determine what role Russian loanwords play in the oral modern mountain–Aryan speech. The study was conducted on the basis of dialectological materials collected in the villages of the Gornomari district of the Republic of Mari El, as well as saved recordings of the radio program "Kyryk Mary tsäsh" ("Gornomari hour") and the TV program "Kyryk Sirem" ("My Gornomari region") in the Gornomari language, using observation methods, linguistic descriptions, elements of the comparative method, techniques of continuous sampling. The scientific novelty of the study is that it is the first time that Russian borrowings in the oral speech of modern mountain Mari are considered.   The analysis of the factual material allowed the author to come to the following conclusions: in the active vocabulary of the mountain Mari people, there are words that have long been included in the Mountain Mari language, have been firmly assimilated by them and are not perceived by native speakers as foreign; there are quite a large number of words known to all native speakers and are the only name of the designated concepts; in the speech of people of the new for generations, there is an excessive unmotivated use of foreign words, which clogs up the native language, loses its identity, complicates communication between people, makes it not clear to everyone, leads to the formation of ridiculous phrases.
Abliametova S.M., Sattarova Z.M. - Word formation as a source of synonymy in the Crimean Tatar language pp. 46-52

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.4.32777

Abstract: The subject of this research is the problem of word formation in the Crimean Tatar language. The object of this research is the synonyms in the Crimean Tatar language. Synonyms contribute to clarity of expression of one or another meaning, enrich the literary language and enhance its expressiveness. The goal of this work consists in examination of word formation capabilities in the Crimean Tatar language as a source of synonymy. An important question for understanding the nature of synonymy in lexical-semantic composition of the modern Crimean Tatar language is the questions on the factors of the emergence of synonyms. In the Crimean Tatar linguistics, this question requires a detailed examination. The novelty of this research lies in the analysis of word formation as a source of synonymy. A conclusion is formulated that the lexicon of Crimean Tatar language is being enrich mostly due to the word formation. The rich word formation capabilities of the language allow creating a wide variety of derivatives based on the existing patterns. The skill of using the word formation capabilities of the language significantly enriches the speech, allows to create lexical and semantic neologisms, expands synonymy of the language. Word formation is one of the source of synonymy.
Britsyna N.M., Kovshikova E.V., Tatarinov M.K. - Application of cross-system method in translation of criminal procedure terminology from Russian to English pp. 58-71

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.8.33635

Abstract: This article presents the results of analysis of application of cross-system methods in conveying Russian criminal law and criminal procedure realias in English. The specific examples of Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation illustrate substantial discrepancies in the existing within Russian criminal law systems and Anglo-American type of criminal law system, which cause most difficulties in translation of relevant terminology from Russian into English. Leaning on the considered linguistic and extralinguistic factors, the authors suggest the original solutions of the set communicative tasks. The scientific novelty is substantiated by the absence of the official English version of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, while the need for the corresponding paperwork (request for legal assistance, extradition request, etc.) is significantly growing. The following conclusions are made: criminal procedure discourse of Russian-language and English-language community constructs different and most of the time nonequivalent models of legal reality, which increases the value of comparative jurisprudence for the translator; at the same time, detailed analysis of not only the direct structure of common law and continental law systems, but also methods of their verbalization, allows comprising a more precise portrait of linguistic persona to have an idea of their experience, worldview, thesaurus and other cultural-specific peculiarities that are essential for improving efficiency of communication.      
Liu E., Sheremetyeva E.S. - Metatext operator “to put it mildly”: the specificity of functionality pp. 59-70

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.5.35595

Abstract: The object of this research is the introductory-modal phrase “to put it mildly”, viewed in pragmatic aspect. From the perspective of pragmatics, this phrase fulfills the function of metatext operator that forms the speaker's reflection towards their utterance. The unit “to put it mildly” is a typical meta-operator, as it includes a locutionary verb. The goal of this research is to determine the specificity of the phrase “to put it mildly” in carrying out the meta-operator function, as well as to establish its typical contexts and lexical compatibility. The research material was collected based on the Russian National Corpus using the method of continuous sampling. The author reveals that the phrase “to put it mildly” as a meta-operator combines two opposite functions: on the one hand, softens the extreme of the utterance, while on the other hand – enhances negative assessment of the fact of reality. Moreover, as the development of these functions, it acquires the ability to attribute the properties of contextual euphemism to the commented nomination. The indicated functional specificity is closely related to the lexical compatibility of meta-operator and the types of contexts. Most frequent contexts imply negation formed with the particle / prefix NOT. The lexical compatibility of meta-operator is predetermined by the aspects of speaker’s assessment of the facts of surrounding reality. The article describes most frequent aspects of such assessment. The acquired results may be applied in teaching Russian as a foreign language, as well as in lexicographic practice for creating metadata dictionary.
Pshenichnikova A.Y. - The Vocabulary of Traditional Dishes of the Regions of Spain, which has a Foreign Language Origin. pp. 59-71

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.3.39892

EDN: CCEGOR

Abstract: In the modern world, the Spanish language in Latin America is defined as the national version of the Spanish language. The object of the study is the national variants of the Spanish language. The subject of the study is the vocabulary of traditional dishes of the regions of Spain. In this regard, considering the origin of the vocabulary of traditional Spanish dishes, we highlight the purpose of the study: to analyze the names of traditional dishes of the regions of Spain that have an origin from the names of dishes of some Latin American countries. The Spanish language has a wide territorial variability, which determines the inter-variant national and cultural specifics of communication (Firsova, 2021: 176). The objectives of this work are to establish the interrelationships of the origin of the vocabulary of traditional dishes of the regions of Spain with the vocabulary of similar dishes of Latin American countries. The scientific novelty of our research consists in examining and analyzing the little-studied vocabulary of dishes from Spain and Latin American countries, such as Peru, Argentina and Cuba. Relevance of the research: the role of the Spanish language and the national variant of the Spanish language are an urgent topic and suggest making new conclusions about the development of the language, in a broad sense, as a sign and communicative system. The vocabulary of traditional Spanish dishes, represented by such groups as Arabisms, Gallicisms, Latinisms, indigenisms, regionalisms and varianisms, is marked by their different origins. Spanish in Latin American countries can be defined as the national version of the Spanish language. Spanish in Latin America has the status of the official language. Along with the Spanish official language, Quechua and Aymara have the status of the state language in the countries of Peru and Bolivia, which is reflected in the national and cultural specifics of the Spanish language. In the countries we are considering, Peru, Argentina and Cuba, the Spanish language, of course, has its own peculiarities. In the article we gave an analysis of the vocabulary of dishes by origin.
Vei K., Sheremet'eva E.S. - A nameless relativ BY EXAMPLE: the degree of grammaticalization pp. 60-69

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.3.37615

Abstract: Abstract: In the article, in relation to the nameless relativ, one of the syntactic criteria for determining the degree of grammaticalization of a significant word is considered by EXAMPLE. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to determine the place of each derived unit of the service type in the language system. The object of research is a prepositional unit BY EXAMPLE, which is included in the group of nominal relatives. The subject of our research is the degree of grammaticalization of the nameless relativ BY EXAMPLE. The purpose of the study is to determine the grammaticalization stage at which the nameless relativ is located BY EXAMPLE. The paper uses a descriptive method and a corpus method of collecting research material. The scientific novelty consists in the first described models of interaction of a prepositional-case combination, FOR example, with adjectives included in its composition. Based on the analysis of the linguistic material presented in the National Corpus of the Russian language, two main types of models have been established – with a pronominal and a non-nominal adjective. It is shown that a non-nominal adjective in such a model acts in two functions: the actant name function and the modifier function, which is typical for a significant number of similar structures with other prepositional derived units. It is revealed that personal pronominal adjectives also indicate the name of the actor. It is determined that demonstrative pronominal adjectives do not have named functions. Their entry into the model indicates the absence of a service function in the combination FOR EXAMPLE. The article concludes that the nameless relativ, by example, is only at the initial stage of grammaticalization.
Matantseva M.B. - Ideological concept of “fear”: nominative field of the concept (based on the material of V. P. Astafyev’s “The Cursed and Killed”) pp. 64-74

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.1.32123

Abstract: The goal of this research consists in determination of structural-semantic peculiarities of nominative field of the concept of “fear” in the text of a military novel. The emotional concept implies the element of structured knowledge characterizing sensualistic world of a person through the prism of his inner experiences, senses and psychological traits. The research us based in the novel “The Cursed and Killed” by a Siberian writer V. P. Astafyev. The choice of this compositions for interpreting the phenomenon of fear is substantiated by the theme of the novel, high emotional and psychological tension of the text. Methodological framework contains the key positions of the nominative field theory of the concept, according to which the concept as a mental unit may be revealed through the analysis of means of its linguistic objectification. It is established that the structure of nominative field of the concept of “fear” in the text of military novel is heterogonous. The core includes the key word of fear and its linguistic synonyms, derived from them lexemes with procedural and attributive semantics. The individual authorial nominations of the emotion in question, as well as descriptive and explicative indications of fear. The detail of linguistic representation of the concept allows speaking of high density of nominative field of the concept, as well as communicative relevance of the concept of “fear”. As a result of linguocognitive interpretation of nominative field of the concept, fear is defined as a multidimensional mental formation serving as a distinct means of authorial perception of war.
Balikoeva M.I. - National-Cultural Peculiarities of Farewell (the Analysis of the Ossetic and English Languages) pp. 70-76

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2018.1.25461

Abstract: In her article Balikoeva analyses speech etiquette farewell formulas in the Ossetic and English languages. Cross-cultural differences, specific picture of the world of different nations and language differences affect relationships between people of different culture and efficiency of their interaction and mutual understanding. This creates the need to analyze different mechanisms of cultural perception. The author of the article analyzes and compares speech farewell formulas in two languages in order to define similarities and differences in the national speech etiquette, the latter being part of natoinal culture, behavior and communication. In the course of her research the author has used methods of semantic, structural and comparative analysis, continuous sampling method and survey using a questionnaire. The results of the comparative analysis demonstrate common and specific features of farewell formulas in these two languages. The author underlines that speech farewell formulas are a stereotype that demonstrates one's attribution to a certain language and culture and performs different functions. They are intended to preserve national culture, on the one hand, and identify one's attribution to a certian national culture, on the other hand.
Rudneva E.G. - Philosophical Approaches to the Language pp. 71-90

DOI:
10.7256/2409-8698.2015.2.15795

Abstract: The article is devoted to comparison and the analysis of various approaches to "language philosophy". Scientific the language origin problem concern delimitation, for example. Here at once serious contradictions between researchers are found. Also divergences between the speculative philosophy based on contemplation and supervision and analytical philosophy which is based on the reached language results are characterized. In article different philosophical approaches to language are differentiated. Types, theories and standards of value are considered. The special attention to a problem of an intentionality and to speech acts is paid. Methods which allow to analyze not simply communication of thinking and language, and to reveal the constituting role of language, the word and speech in various forms of a discourse, in knowledge and of structures of consciousness and knowledge are used. In article distinction between classical philosophy which explained a language origin by the nature and on interrelation of language and thinking, and modern interpretation of problems of language is carried out. It is noted that V. Humboldt understood language as a mind organon. The role of F. Nietzsche who came to the conclusion is highlighted that all deviations from truth are connected with the delusions proceeding from increase of a role of words-fiktsy. The important place is given to definitions, descriptions and references.
Zigmantovich D.S. - The impact of the speaker's oral speech pausing on the quality of simultaneous translation pp. 71-80

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.5.35634

Abstract: The completeness, accuracy and quality of simultaneous interpretation are influenced by the speaker and the peculiarities of his speech, which can act as destabilizing factors for the work of a simultaneous interpreter. Such factors, in particular, include the following: the speed of speech, intonation, accent, pause, syntax of sounding speech, lexical composition. This article describes the results of the analysis of the placement of pauses by two politicians (F. Hollande and N. Sarkozy) in oral speeches to various audiences. The purpose of the study is to establish what impact a logical or illogical pause can have on the implementation of simultaneous interpretation. The author of the article came to the conclusion that a number of patterns can be identified in the arrangement of pauses by speakers: place, duration and frequency. As a result of the analysis, it was possible to show that each speaker places pauses differently during a speech, which can have a direct impact on the quality of simultaneous interpretation. The patterns listed above can be taken into account when developing a system of exercises for teaching simultaneous interpretation at the initial stage and for practicing and automating certain skills at a more advanced level or when selecting speech material for organizing intensive training.
Zinnatullina L. - National-cultural specificity of adverbial phraseological units in English and Russian. pp. 72-79

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.8.33636

Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the national-cultural specifics of adverbial phraseological units in English and Russian. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the three levels of manifestation of the national-cultural specificity of phraseological units: 1) in the aggregate phraseological meaning, 2) in the meaning of individual lexical components, 3) in the direct meaning of a free phrase that has been figuratively reinterpreted (i.e. in prototypes of phraseological units). The paper gives a characteristic of each level of manifestation, based on the analysis of the study of the component composition of phraseology. Russian Russian and English phraseological units, selected from the Dictionary of Russian Phraseology, Russian and British National Corpus, are analyzed in the analysis of examples of a number of phraseological units of the English and Russian languages. The scientific novelty of the work is to determine the manifestation of the national - cultural specificity of a number of unique phraseological units of the English and Russian languages that do not have correspondences, based on the conducted study of the component composition. The methods of studying phraseological units are: contextual method, method of phraseological description. The main conclusions of the study are the following: The first level of manifestation of the national-cultural specificity of phraseological units is associated with non-equivalent or lacunary adverbial units. Phraseological units of the second group, the number of which is very limited, have a national-cultural component in their component composition, which can be represented by words denoting the realities characteristic of English or Russian peoples – speakers of two languages. phraseological units of the third group reflect the history of the peoples – native speakers of English and Russian, their peculiar traditions, customs, historical facts, superstitions, originally laid down in the prototype.
Krasnova V.Y., Nikolaeva O.V. - English translations of the Japanese folkloremes in the English-language translations: cultural-cognitive asymmetry pp. 73-85

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.2.32343

Abstract: The subject of this research is the linguocultural and cognitive aspects of the original Japanese folkloremes (names of fairy characters, mythical objects, and mythical animals) and their English correlates. The authors refer to folklore as a source of profound understanding of cultural connotation, cultural beliefs, cultural distinctness, traditions and customs. The methodological equivalence of linguistic and cultural-cognitive aspects of folkloremes is underlined. The goal of this work consists in determination of the formal and conceptual transformations of Japanese folkloremes in English translation of a Japanese tale. Folkloremes of a Japanese tale have not previously been an object of special research. Comparison of the text of Japanese folk tale and its English analogue demonstrates the cultural-cognitive asymmetry between Japanese folkloremes and their English correlates. Three types of Japanese folkloremes (unique; possessing distinct characteristics; and having cultural-specific associations) determine different techniques of their translation into the English language and various types of transformations of their conceptual content. Cognitive asymmetry of Japanese and Anglo-Saxon cultures substantiate the insufficient understanding and accentuation in English texts of the Japanese important cultural dominant – social and age hierarchism, as well as the enduring significance of image of the emperor and imperial power associated with this dominant.
Danilova N.K. - Relational Nature of a Subject of Expression in a Narrative pp. 74-93

DOI:
10.7256/2409-8698.2015.1.15869

Abstract: In the article one of parameters of discourse process, the subject of the statement which determination of value forms the subsequent configuration of sense is investigated. The subject position is considered as a form-building component which "emptiness" of semantics creates conditions for its language registration depending on the diskursivnykh of strategy of the subject of the speech. The subject of the statement is analyzed as the matrix operator connecting statements in organized sequence in the course of production of the text. In a narrative discourse cognitive, communicative and language measurements of the subject of the statement form the narrative roles representing a combination of the designated prospects. As a method of research the linear discourse analysis which units are sequences, i.e. sequences of statements which are characterized by grammatical and thematic completeness is used. In the proposed solution of the problem of discourse sense the understanding of the subject of the statement as functions from a number of the factors connected with the conceptual basis of a plan, communicative strategy focused on the author both on the reader and with actually language norms of the organization of the statement is new. As a result of the analysis the main matrix models of a narration, the external, determined by domination positions of the observer, a neutralized role writing and reading and internal in which the grammatical subject unites a modus frame and a dictum basis of the statement are allocated.
Fazlyeva Z.K. - Interlanguage Phraseological Correspondences (The Case Study of the English and Turkish Languages) pp. 74-82

DOI:
10.7256/2409-8698.2015.4.18018

Abstract: In this article phraseological units of the subject "family" in the English and Turkish languages are chosen as an object of research. Phraseological units of this subject make considerable group in phraseological funds of both languages and are one of the brightest and figurative. It is necessary to find such equivalent units on the basis of which it is possible to create communicatively equivalent statements in two languages and which are found only during theoretical research by comparison of originals to their translations in process of conversion of phraseological units. In this article by comparison of phraseological units of the English and Turkish languages we consider the following types of the interlingual relations: full equivalents, partial equivalents. Works of the famous domestic linguists have formed methodological base of this article. In this research the comparative and typological method, a method of phraseological identification, a kontrastivny method, a method of the transformational analysis are applied. Results of comparative studying of FE promote identification of the common and peculiar features of their structural models, identification of the facts of influence of system of one language on another, and also to detection of regularities of the translation of FE from one language on another. Full interlingual equivalents are presented by a small amount of phraseological units in both languages and only substantive FE with structures of Adj + to N, N + N. The phraseological units differing with the structural organization, but having the general figurative basis act as partial equivalents.
Bazhenov E.V. - Special Vocabulary and Term Formation of Civil Aviation in the Russian and English Languages pp. 75-87

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.3.27665

Abstract: The subject of the research is the questions about peculiarities of formation and functioning of special vocabulary and terminology in the sphere of civil aviation. In his research Bazhenov focuses on task-oriented use of terms and abbreviations of aviation vocabulary in the English and Russian language, this process requiring particular attention to adequacy of translation and emphasizing the need in applied linguistics which would take into account specific features of professional activity of aviators. The methodology of the research is based on a number of approaches and research methods common for linguistic studies. Within the framework of the article, Bazhenov focuses on the definition, main features and peculiarities of special vocabulary of civil aviation. In addition, he analyzes the main trends, forms and methods of term formation in this sphere taking into account peculiarities of the Russian and English languages. 
Shamaeva A.E. - "Benevolence has oil on the tip, cursing has blood" pp. 75-82

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.12.39401

EDN: ZWYHQL

Abstract: In this article, the Yakut and Mongolian proverbs (yak. algys baһa syalaah, kyrys baһa haannaah (lit. the benevolence has fat (oil) at the tip, the curse has blood), and mong. erөөliin үzүүrt tos, kharaalyn үzүүrt tsus (letters. benevolence has oil on the tip, curses have blood)) with a common semantics, “a blessing responds with kindness, a curse with blood" are presented as structural and semantic analogues. The subject of the study is word-by-word translation, which allows you to reveal a whole system of interactions and norms of behavior, reflecting the unique worldview positions of speakers of the studied languages. Each component of the proverbs is considered from the point of view of linguistic affiliation. Comparative material from other Turkic and Mongolian languages is given. The words are considered in the context of ethnographic data. The scientific novelty of this work consists in the fact that for the first time the lexical compositions of the Yakut and Mongolian proverbs-parallels are considered in it. It is established that the proverbs in question are complete parallels. All the components of the lexeme of the Yakut proverb algys baһa syalaah, kyrys baһa haannaah (lit. the benevolence has oil on the tip, the curse has blood) are etmologized on the material of the Turkic languages, and the Mongolian proverbs erөөliyn үzүrt tos, kharaalyn үzүүrt tsus (lit. the result of benevolence is oil, the result of a curse is blood) go back to Mongolian roots. At the same time, each word reveals to a certain extent the general specific features of the culture of these peoples. Such proverbs-parallels could arise only in conditions of prolonged contact between the ancestors of the Yakuts and Mongols.
Lu Z. - Cultural and connotative information of some verbal phraseological units with the abstract substantive thought pp. 78-86

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.3.37647

Abstract: The article is devoted to the consideration of some verbal phraseological units in which the semantic component of thought is performed by the subject of action. In such phraseological units, the thought is combined with such verbs as to return / to return, to be carried away / to be carried away, to flow, to sink / to fall. The article adopts a linguoculturological approach to the study of such phraseological units. In this article we understand phraseology, following V.N. Telia, as a unit characterized by stability, reproducibility, idiomaticity [Telia 1996: 56], when analyzing phraseological units, a linguoculturological approach to research and lexicographic description developed by V.N. Telia and other authors in the "Great Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Language" is used [2017]. For our analysis, we have selected phraseological units that are represented in the National Corpus of the Russian Language (https://ruscorpora.ru/new /), including the abstract noun thought, which performs the function of the subject of action.Summing up, we can draw the following conclusions: 1) In the analyzed FE, thought independently performs various actions, moves freely in space, is beyond human control; 2) All the FE presented in this article, in general, correlate with the anthropic code of culture, and taking into account this opposition, with the spatial one. And all FE, taking into account the verbal components, still correlate with the activity code of culture. 3) The image of all FE is created by a metaphor that likens thought to a moving object or object that moves freely in space, does not depend on the will of an individual; 4) The metaphorically figurative basis of the units analyzed by us as a whole reflects a stereotypical idea of the process of mental activity beyond the control of a person.
Gilemshin F.F. - Features of the use of pronouns in Tatar works of the kyssa genre of the second half of the XIX – early XX century pp. 82-90

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.2.37391

Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis of pronouns that are used in Tatar translated works related to the kissa genre. The object of our research is texts published in the second half of the XIX – early XX century in the Tatar language, which had a serious impact on the formation of the norms of the modern Tatar literary language. In the texts of the works of the kissa genre, personal pronouns are widely represented, and differ in phonetic variability. The parallel use of two or three forms in the language of one work can be explained by the writer's desire to find the most acceptable form close to the vernacular language. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the functioning of pronouns in the texts of Kyss were not the object of special scientific works in Tatar philology. The analysis was carried out using descriptive, comparative-historical methods. The material for the analysis was selected by the continuous sampling method. The results of the study allow us to conclude that in the texts of the kyssa pronouns are represented by Turkic-Tatar lexemes and differ in ambiguity. Within the framework of one work, the lexemes of the vernacular and Old Tatar written language are used, thereby demonstrating the peculiarities of the formation of the modern Tatar literary language. As a result of the analysis of the functional features of pronouns, it turned out that the authors operated on a wide range of pronoun semantics common in the Tatar spoken language.
Trinh T., Shaklein V.M. - Reconsideration of Russian colloquialism from the perspective of Vietnamese language tradition pp. 85-93

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.7.33262

Abstract: This article is dedicated to one of the patterns in development of Russian colloquialism – reconsideration of the key meaning of casual words through metaphorization and metonymization. The goal of this work consists in examination of the trend inherent to Russian colloquialism throughout its evolution, which consists in transferring the meaning of casual words for their use in the field of term formation, as well as in analysis of this phenomenon from the perspective of a Vietnamese native speaker. The article studies the prerequisites that contribute to active use of the colloquialism in formation of special terminology; describes the process of transformation of the meaning of casual words for creating a new terminological meaning; considers the possibilities of formation of special meaning of casual words using metaphors and metonymy. The theoretical framework of this research is comprised of the works of Russian and Vietnamese linguists on reconsideration of colloquialism in term formation. Terms from the various academic fields served as the material for this research. The scientific novelty lies in interpretation of reconsideration of colloquialism as the most economical method for enriching Russian language vocabulary via potential of lexical unites present therein. Practical significance of this study is substantiated by the fact that the acquired results can be used in preparing special curricula, educational materials on lexicology, as well as in teaching Russian language as foreign to Vietnamese audience.
Berdinskaya I.A., Zorina Z.G. - Interpreting the Status of the Phoneme á /b/ in Mari Dialects pp. 90-97

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2017.3.23268

Abstract: The subject of the research is the status of the phoneme /b/ in Mari dialects. There is a traditional belief that, firstly, the phoneme /b/ does not have an independent status in Mari dialects because it is a borrowing from the Russian language; 2) Mari people do not distinguish between bilabial stop consonant /b/ and bilabial fricative consonant /ß/; 3) in Mari dialects  /b/ is substituted with /ð/ or /ß/. The purpose of the research is to prove the status of the phoneme /b/ as the original individual unit. The research is based on the theoretical material related to functioning of labial consonants /p, b, m, ô, ß/ as well as field records of highland and meadow living speech. The authors analyze records using aural and statistical methods in order to get a clear picture of practical implementations of labial consonants in Mari dialects. The results of the research prove that: 1) the phoneme /b/ has an independent status in Mari dialects and is not borrowed from the Russian language, however, it has certain restrictions in distribution: it is always combined with the labial consonant /m/ and always stands after it. Modern Mari-Russian bilingualism which is so wide-spread today, has practially eliminated all limitations in the distribution of the phoneme /b/ in Mari dialects. 2) Aural and statistical anaylsis has demonstrated that Mari people clearly differentiate between bilabial stop consonant /b/ and bilabial fricative consonant /ß/. 3) At the initial stage of Mari-Russian relations the Russian language (in this case, the Northern Russian dialect) had an unclear differentiation between phonemes /p, b, ô, ß/. For example, such words as Poris (Boris) and pagor (bagor) and others appeared in Mari dialects exactly the same as they were in the Russian language. Thus, it was the Russian language itself but not Mari dialects that created the basis for substituting /b/ with /ð/. 
Arsentyeva Y.S. - Cognitive Strategies of Transformational Use of English Phraseological Euphemisms in Linguistic Experiment pp. 91-97

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.2.37445

Abstract: Cognitive strategies of occasional transformational use of English phraseological euphemisms in linguistic experiment are subject to consideration. The purpose of the study is to determine the cognitive strategies of the occasional use of phraseological euphemisms. The subject of the research: the types of cognitive strategies, which are used in ocasional transformations of English phraseological euphemisms, the study of which was performed after the literature survey and a brief description of the linguistic experiment. Research methods: the method of phraseological analysis developed by A.V. Kunin, which exists in two forms - phraseological identification and phraseological description, contextual analysis method, definitional analysis, component (seme) analysis. The novelty of the study: as a result of the linguistic experiment, for the first time, cognitive strategies of the transformational use of English phraseological euphemisms, combining the characteristic features of both phraseological and euphemistic nominations, were determined. Results of the study: two cognitive strategies were identified that are characteristic of all types of occasional use – informing strategy and the strategy of expressivization. Evaluation strategy is defined when using the addition of a component / components, insertion and replacement of a component / components; objectification strategy is revealed in the cleft use of euphemistic units; accentualization strategy when using phraseological reiteration, permutation and phraseological saturation of context. For the first time, we have singled out the strategy of cognitive deployment of the image, which is characteristic of the most complex types of occasional use of phraseological euphemisms, namely, phraseological pun, extended metaphor and phraseological allusion.
Wang Q., Sheremetyeva E.S. - The role of textual binding element “Now about...” in the text structure pp. 93-103

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.4.35483

Abstract: The binding element “Now about...” is a means of formation of distant cohesion in the text. It combines the features of grammatical and lexical means of connectivity, which is substantiated by its structure: presence of the permanent grammaticalized component “now about” and substitutable position for preposition. Within the structure of the text, the binding element performs the transition to a new micro-theme as part of the macro-theme, while fulfilling a prospective or a prospective-retrospective function. In terms of prospective function, the formal role is played by grammaticalized component of the binding element, and in terms of prospective-retrospective – both  components; the functions are allocated as follows: free component of the binding element serves as a keyword and fulfills distant retrospective cohesion, while grammaticalized component “now about” due to its semantics, forms the relations of prospection.  The binding element “Now about...” may interact with other logical bonds and also form connectivity, which testifies to its functional self-sufficiency. The acquired results can be applied in lexicographic practice for the development and creation of lexical entries for dictionaries of functional words of the Russian language, in editorial activity, in teaching the syntax of the Russian language, for philological analysis of the text, as well as in teaching Russian as a foreign language.
Grushina O.A. - Verbal aggression in the media texts in Swahili language pp. 94-101

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.6.31499

Abstract: This article examines the interaction mechanism between English language and Swahili in the field of Tanzanian mass media. Lexical content of media texts is of scientific interest due to the fact that it is a unique segment of modern literary (“standard”) Swahili, intended for consumption by mass audience. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of use of English-language borrowings in the modern news media texts in Swhahili language. The author meticulouslu examines the reason of using English loanwords, as well as their adaptation in Swahili. Media texts of the online version of Tanzanian newspaper Mtanzania served as the materials for this study. The conducted analysis determined the presents in media texts of a substantial amount of English-language borrowings belonging to various thematic groups. For information recipient, the English loanwords often turns into agnonym, since the meaning of the word is unclear, causing the sense of tension and inadequacy. Unjustified use of borrowings may be considered as one of the forms of verbal aggression as a result of negative effect of information upon the reader.
Grishenkova E.S. - The characteristic of freedom in the quotes and aphorisms of the French-language and Russian-language aging politicians of the late XX century pp. 94-106

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.7.33348

Abstract: The goal of this work lies in determination of similarities and differences in characteristic of freedom in the quotes and aphorisms of French and Russian aging politicians of the late XX century. The subject of this research is the semantics of French and Russian quotes and aphorisms that reveal the nature of freedom in the compared languages. The topic of the characteristic of freedom in the speeches of aging politicians was selected as it did not receive due attention within comparative linguistics. Using the material of French and Russian quotes and aphorisms, the author determines the aspects for outlining the characteristic of freedom in form of thematic groups of these lexical unites in the compared languages. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that this work is first to reveal similarities and differences of the characteristics of freedom in the popular quotes and aphorisms of French-language and Russian-language aging politicians of the XX century. The conclusion is made on the presence of the following similarities: didactic manner in their appeal to the public, interest in blissful future of their countries, resemblance of their life and professional experience in the speech. Some difference were also detected. The uniqueness of composition of the compared characteristics of freedom is associated with the specificities of historical development of France and Russia of that time, which outlines the prospects of research on this topic. The acquired results may be valuable in giving a course of lectures on comparative lexicology of French and Russian languages, elaboration of methodology for analyzing speech of senior citizens in the comparative aspect.
Khandarkhaeva I., Zyryanova E. - The 'Sign of the Emergence of a New Situation' and its Implementation in Description and Narrative Type Texts pp. 96-101

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.1.29019

Abstract: The object of the research is the description type texts and narrative type texts of modern Russian authors. The object of the research is the signs of a 'new situation', 'change', 'sequential relationship', 'emergence of a new situaton' in perfect verbs used in texts of description and narrative types. The authors of the article analyze the principles that define such sign as the emergence of a new situation in description and narrative type texts. To discover its peculiarities, the sign of the emergence of a new situation in description type texts is analyzed depending on the following genre types: description of one's appearance or portrait, landscape, interior design or personality description. One of the main methods used by the authors is the semantic contextual analysis that is based on the analysis of semantic peculiarities of verb predicates in terms of description and narration as well as the method of linguistic observation and description of language factors. Functional semantic types of speech are still of great interest to researchers, thus the novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors describe peculiarities of semantic signs of verbal predicates at the textual level. In particular, the use of perfect verbs in description type texts and narrative type texts are still an understudied topic and the textual approach provides a better insight into their text-formation role. Depending on the logical conceptual attribution of a text, the authors define the role of semantic signs of perfect verbs. Based on the overall logical description method (synchronologeme), semantics of predicates, the change-in-state concept and change-in-situation concept and the emergence of a new situation, description type texts use a statal type perfect verbs and narration type texts use actional perfect verbs. 
Liu M. - Conceptual reconsideration of nominations of limbs in the paremiological fund of the Chinese language pp. 97-106

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.9.36073

Abstract: This article is dedicated to reconsideration of nominations of limbs reflected in the phraseological fund of the Chinese language. The goal of this work consist in determination of the conceptual attributes of nominations of human limbs in the Chinese linguistic worldview by analyzing their linguistic representation in the paremiological fund of the language. The author leans on the vast theoretical material, gradually describing the key approaches towards the analysis of “bodily concepts” and the study of phraseologisms of the Chinese language in the conceptual paradigm. The author reveals several primary and secondary meanings of words that represent limbs in the Chinese language, demonstrating the interrelation between the origin of the word and the number of its secondary conceptual meanings. For example, the hieroglyph 脚 (foot) is the “youngest” and most commonly denominates part of the body. The article also proves the possibility of actualization of cognitive meanings of particular linguistic concepts through the analysis of paremias. Namely, the concept “arm” implies the meanings of “mastery”, “distance”, “tool” and “weapon”, while the concept  “foot” – the meanings of “foundation”, “motion”, “prosperity”. The author comes to the conclusion that the ways of reconsideration of human body and its parts in descriptive and comparative terms of different cultures is one of the most effective instruments for cognizing the fundamental of the linguistic worldview.
Varfolomeeva Y.N., Kharanutova E.I. - Criteria for Assessing the Quality of Media Texts (on the Basis of PR-Texts) pp. 101-107

DOI:
10.7256/2409-8698.2017.1.20921

Abstract: The article deals with the concept of PR-text and genre varieties of PR-texts. At present, the theory and practice of public relations do not fully cover the genre system of PR-texts and genre characteristics and genres groups are not defined. In addition, in linguistics there is no uniform classification of properties for assessing the quality of PR-texts. Based on the analysis of different assessment criteria, the authors have defined 21 information-structural, 8 communicative and 6 aesthetics characteristics of PR-texts which can be used to assess the effectiveness of the quality of PR-texts. The authors have used the method of language analysis to study the quality of PR-texts. In addition, they have also used the methods of linguistic observation and description of linguistic facts as well as the comparative method. Information-structuarl assessment criteria include information capacity, response efficiency, presence of a topic, specificity, coherence and integrity, depth of contents, logical structure, readibility and understandability, importance of information, credibility and accuracy of information (presence of concrete facts), dividedness, openness/closedness, completeness of a text, accurate heading, correct use of quotations, textual composition, syntax parameter (sentences with an easy structure and textual rythm), lexical parameter (simple words, absence of slang words, paragraph length). Communicative features of PR-texts are realised through publicity of a text, communicative orientation, presence of a basic PR-subject, initiation from the basic PR-subject, optimal content, authorship type, references, and selectability. Aesthetics characteristics include spacial-time discreteness, references to an official site of an organisation in a PR-document, use of infographics, highliting of actual information, providing references to other resources, and giving contant information about responsible individuals. 
Giniyatullina L.M. - Features of parallel connection between sentences of a complex syntactic whole (using the example of the Tatar language) pp. 103-110

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.4.37760

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of parallel communication between sentences of complex syntactic integers. The relevance of the study is determined by the absence in Tatar linguistics of a methodology for analyzing a complex syntactic whole in the aspect of the unity of the plans of its content and expression. The purpose of this study is to get an idea about the features of parallel communication between sentences of a complex syntactic whole, about the structure of this syntactic unit. The object of the study is a complex syntactic whole as an independent syntactic unit having a specific structure and functions in the Tatar language. The subject of the study is complex syntactic integers in which a parallel connection is established between sentences. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the article comprehensively analyzes the means of communication, determines the status of a complex syntactic whole as an independent syntactic unit based on the identified features of its structure. As a result of the study, indicators of parallel communication in complex syntactic integers of the Tatar language, features of narrative, descriptive complex syntactic integers were revealed. The practical significance of the research is determined by the demand for information about the structure and functioning of a complex syntactic whole in the modern Tatar language. Solving the problem of the structure of the text and its forming units, including a complex syntactic whole, contributes to improving the theory and practice of producing and perceiving written texts.
Seldikov A.M., Goryaev T.S., Dovunov B.E., Shonkhorova S.V., Katashov A.V. - To the question on methodology of the concept in modern science pp. 114-122

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.10.34002

Abstract: The scientific works of scholars and experts dedicated to conceptology, intercultural communication, and linguistics became the foundation for this research. The author analyzes bibliography, presents various approaches towards conceptology, formulates main conclusions of recent research on the indicated problematic, as well as provides specific examples. Research of the concepts presented in different linguistic worldviews, including Russian linguistic paradigm of the world, is first and foremost substantiated by the importance of intercultural communication in the current context. The relevance of this topic is defined by the significance of studying the dialogue of cultures, language, culture and mentality. The selected topic is of interest to the philosophers, linguists, culturologists and foreign language pedagogues. In anthropological linguistics, cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics, linguoculturology and other fields, the subject of research is the concept of the dialogue of cultures along with interaction between language, culture and mentality. The development of Russian relations on international arena over the past decade led to active cooperation in the area of education, economy, trade and tourism. Therefore, there is an urgent need for studying communication in the situation of interaction between the representatives of Russian and foreign cultures from the perspective of teaching languages as a means of intercultural communication. The need to study communication is justified by different communication behavior in Russia and other countries in the cultural aspect. Insufficient understanding of the language of communication can result in communication failures and even initiate cross-cultural conflict. In the following paragraphs of this article, the author gives detailed attention to specificity of the concept in the linguistic worldviews.
Wang Y., Mitrofanova I.I. - The Concept of "Sky" as a Set of Collective Representations in Chinese Linguoculturology pp. 126-135

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.12.39261

EDN: LBBJXX

Abstract: The article deals with the semantics of the concept "sky" in the Chinese language. The aim of the article is to study the concept "sky" in Chinese culture and to identify the specifics of its content in the Chinese language picture of the world. The concept serves as the basis of human consciousness and the system of cultural values of the nation. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the polysemous word "sky" and its lexical combination in Chinese linguocultural studies. The object of the research is the concept "sky" in the Chinese language picture of the world. The subject of the research is the representation of collective representations of the concept "sky" in Chinese language. Descriptive, component and structural, comparative analysis methods were used in this article. The main conclusions are that the concept "heaven" in Chinese philosophy acquires special representations, which are closely connected with the religious component in the culture of ancient China. In comparison with the concept "God" in European cultures, the concept "sky" has no personal realization, it symbolizes the supreme central deity. With the development of temporality the concept "sky" is presented with new meanings and values. The novelty of the research consists in the fact that, for the first time using the analysis of collective representations of the concept "heaven" in the article, its meaning and lexical compatibility in modern Chinese language are described and the specificity of Chinese language thinking is revealed.
Kalyatin I.S. - Analysis of grammatical means for the expression of reason in German, Italian and Russian scientific text of the XXI century pp. 127-143

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.8.33476

Abstract: The goal of this work lies in definition and scientific description of combination of the basic grammatical means for expression of category of reason in a scientific text (on the material of German, Italian and Russian languages). The subject of this research is a comparative analysis of the structural and semantic peculiarities of grammatical means for the expression of reason in a scientific text of the XXI century (on the material of German, Italian and Russian languages). The relevance is substantiated by insufficient study within comparative linguistics of the ways to represent the category of reason on grammatical level by comparing several languages (in this case, German, Italian and Russian). The scientific novelty of consists in conducting comparative analysis of grammatical language means for the expression of semantic category of reason in German, Italian and Russian scientific text of the XXI century. Within the framework of contrastive analysis, the author revealed the peculiarities of structuring the functional-semantic field of reason on the example of the texts under consideration. The acquired results allow concluding that in such type of texts the functional semantic field of causality is represented by grammatical means that express reason in a general form or with additional connotation. The presented materials can be applied in the course of lectures on comparative typology of the German, Italian and Russian languages.
Vavichkina T., Vlasova Y. - Allomorphic features of phonetic systems of the Russian and Arab languages as a source of linguistic interference pp. 128-136

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.6.31664

Abstract: Over the recent decade the process of teaching pronunciation and development of writing ability among the Russian students studying Arab language in the People’s University of Friendship of Russia, met certain difficulties. The initial stages of studying were marked by major mistakes in pronunciation, intoning and spelling of Arab words. The authors see it as a result of influence of the system of native (or actively used in everyday life) Russian language upon the system of the studied Arab language on the background of weak capacity of the students to phonetic analysis. Using the method of observation, the authors collected the typical pronouncing and spelling mistakes of the students-Arabists at this stage of learning. Further classification, generalization and analysis of these mistakes allowed determining the source of the problems. The conclusion is made that the consideration of allomorphic characteristics of phonetic systems of the Russian and Arab languages, which lead to linguistic interference, would help the pedagogues to forecast and reduce the amount of spelling mistakes among the students-Arabists at the beginning stage of learning. The problem addressed in the article is of great practical interest and would be helpful for the faculty members of higher education.
tayebianpour F., Valipour A. - Means of Expressing the Modal Form of Possibility in the Persian Language pp. 129-143

DOI:
10.7256/2409-8698.2014.2.12190

Abstract: In Russian modal opportunities value, still draws attention of the Russian linguists and researchers. This concept, undoubtedly, contacts not one language unit, and the whole statement. As existence of the statement without embodiment of its ultimate goal – communications – doesn't make sense, definition of possible means for knowledge and understanding of the statement in each language deserves special attention. The special characteristic of modal opportunities value, its communication with logical concepts of reality and unreality, its ability in representation of various language means of expression in any language, draw attention to this subject not only the Russian linguists, but also linguists of the whole world. In this article lexical and grammatical means of expression of modal value of opportunity in the Persian language are considered. This consideration is made on the basis of the dissertation work comparing these means in the Russian and Persian languages. For writing of the thesis relating to article methods of consideration of scientific sources, the comparative and comparative analysis of the Russian and Persian offers in the sphere of functional grammar were used. Novelty of this work consists in primary consideration of means of expression of the concept "opportunities" of the Persian language. In initial work this consideration took place taking into account the approaches accepted in the Russian linguistics for definition of these lexical and grammatical means. As a result we found important and common lexical and grammatical means of expression of value of opportunity in the Persian language.
Abliametova S.M., Kadyrova U.R. - Occasional synonymic rows in the poetry of Âşık Ömer pp. 131-138

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.12.34437

Abstract: Contributing to accuracy of the phrase of one or another meaning, synonyms enrich the literary language and enhance its expressiveness. The goal of this work consists in examination of the occasional synonymy in the poetic texts of Âşık Ömer. The article offers the original synonymy of the poet. The author describes the occasional use of lexemes and their synonyms in the usual meaning. Literary language most accurately reflects the authorial individuality. Fictional texts feature imagery and emotional coloring. Synonyms serve as the means for conveying the richness of artistic language. It is worth noting that namely synonyms describe the author’s signature style; emphasis is placed on the occasional lexis. The problem of synonymy, or selection of most suitable words and expressions for a given situation, which most vividly characterize a particular phenomenon of the surrounding reality, has always been one of the crucial problems of lexicology. One of the least developed sections of synonymy is occasional synonymy. Even though some word and phrases in their dictionary meaning do not have synonymic ties, the can become such based on the context. Usage of occasional synonyms in a literary text allows the author to incarnate the concept more vividly, reflect the emotional coloring of his idea, and reveal the character of the heroes. The phenomenon of occasional synonymy is based on the fact that the word acquires a new, contextual meaning; in other words, the problem of occasional synonymy is inseparable from the question on the meaning of the word.
Krasikov V.I. - "Language is Disguising Our Thoughts"? Linguistic Meaning of the Word As One of the Formative Elements of Its Meaning pp. 132-142

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2017.2.22949

Abstract: The object of research in the proposed article is the meaning and its linguistic expression. The subject of the research is the interaction of semantic and linguistic meanings. The author of the article deals with such aspects of the topic as meaning in its totality, the relationship between semantic and linguistic meanings, and the influence of the sign means of expression on the meaning of the expression. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the concepts of "meaning" offered by B. Russell, R. Carnap, H. Price, G. Reichenbach, A. Losev, K. Levi-Strauss, H.-G. Gadamer, R. Bart, L. Wittgenstein, C. Lewis and E. Sapir. The methodological basis involves typification, comparison, analysis, subject-object scheme, construction, and elements of philosophical reflection. As a result, an extensive conceptual material has been analyzed, matrices of interpretations of "meaning" have been revealed in the characteristic representatives of the neo-positivist, structuralist, hermeneutical and analytical traditions. The author's special contribution to the topic is that he offers defines a relationship between the features of the formation of semantic values and the specificity of their linguistic expression. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author develops a philosophical-anthropological version of understanding the relationship of meaning and its linguistic expression based on the analysis of characteristic theories of meaning.
Den'gina A.V. - Factors of the Vagueness of the Inner Form of English and French Phraseological Units with the Components of Religious Terms pp. 133-138

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.1.28770

Abstract: As a link between the expression plane and content plane of a phraseological unit, the inner form defines the degree of expresiveness and figurativeness of the unit as well as peculiarities of its contextual use and plays an important role in the process of defining the interlingual correspondences. In this regard, analysis of the issues that relate to the aforesaidelement of the semantic structure of phraseological units are of great interest to researchers. The subject of this research is the phenomenon of the vagueness of the inner form of English and French phraseological units with the components of religious terms, i.e. religious vocabulary of different specialization. The author of the article compares the degree of expresiveness and specifics of a number of linguistic and exralinguistic factors that cause the phenomenon of the vagueness. These include rethinking, change of the component structure as well as the loss of certain realities or abandon of religious traditions or historical facts. The main research method used by the author is the method of scientific description that implied such techniques as interpretation, systematization, classification and statistical methods. The research results demonstrate that the most essential factor that causes the phenomenon of the vagueness, i.e. the loss of the derivation link between the literal and redefined meaning of phraseological units consisting of religious terms is the expressive rethinking that quite often results from the distorted identification of the components. The highest degree of isomorphism between compared languages in different aspects of expressive rethinking is the phenomenon of allomorphism. This phenomenon has been discovered by the author as a result of analyzing extralinguistic factors of the vagueness of the inner form. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that English and French phraseological units with the religious component have never before been the topic of comparative research in terms of the vagueness of their inner form. 
Zinnatullina L. - Phraseological equivalents in the English and Russian languages pp. 134-143

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.8.36258

Abstract: This article is dedicated to examination of phraseological equivalents in the English and Russian languages. An attempt is made to determine the criteria for finding phraseological equivalents in the English and Russian languages. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of various types of English-Russian phraseological equivalents. Referring to the research of outstanding scientists, the article describes and analyzes the types of phraseological equivalents in the English and Russian languages. The author provides the examples of a range of phraseological units of the English and Russian languages, selected from the Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Language, Russian National Corpus, and British National Corpus. Contextual method and method of phraseological description are used for studying English-Russian phraseological equivalents. The scientific novelty of this paper consists in the full or partial manifestation of phraseological equivalence of a number of unique phraseological units in the English and Russian languages leaning on the conducted research of compositional volume. The conclusion is made that the adverbial phraseological units-equivalents are characterized by an exact match of phraseological meaning, structural-grammatical organization, imagery framework, and thus, compositional volume. For determining the degree of match of the structural-grammatical organization, it is essential to consider the specific typological features, which are typical for one language and atypical for another due to difference in the systems of the compared languages. Partial phraseological equivalence of adverbial phraseological units is characterized by the exact match of plane of content and insignificant differences in the plane of expression, which do not affect the identity of imagery of the English and Russian adverbial phraseological unit.
Wu P. - Semantics of red color designation within Chinese and Russian languacultures pp. 137-146

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.6.31474

Abstract: The subject of this research is the semantics of the red color within Chinese and Russian languacultures. The aim of this research is to determine the cultural connotations, which found the reflection in the semantics of red color designation in Chinese and Russian languages. The novelty of this research consists in the comparative character of the analysis of the semantics of the color red. Methodology of the research included the works of Russian linguists N. B. Bakhilina, T. M. Vasilyeva, T. I. Vedina, L. S. Gurieva, I. V. Dvoretsky, V. G. Kulpina, F. N. Novikov, S. G. Ter-Minasova and T. Y. Svetlichnaya. The culture-specific use of the lexeme red within Russian language are the notions of “festive”, “valuable”, and “bright”. Results of this research can add to the general theory of color designations within languages. A conclusion is made that semantics of one of the main basic colors denotes in the two languacultures both elements of similarity, as well as culture-specific features.
Spalek O.N. - Horonyms and Oiconyms in Chinese Phraseology pp. 138-144

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2018.4.27880

Abstract: The subject of the research is the peculiar functions of horonyms and oiconyms as the most commonly used kinds of toponyms presented in Chinese phraseology. The author examines horonyms and oiconyms in Chinese phraseological units including astionyms (names of urban facilities or country districts), comonyms (names of country facilities). The researcher focuses on the influence of horonyms and oiconyms in the development of transferred meaning of a phraseological unit as well as abilities of onyms demonstrate lexical features that are not typical for proper names. In the course of the research the author has used the method of synchronous description, method of semantic analysis and functional description of collected material as well as elements of statistical and etimological analysis. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author carries out an in-depth analysis of functions of horonyms and oiconyms in Chinese phraseology. In the course of the research the author has discovered that being part of phraseological units, horonyms and oiconyms may actualize connotations that they have which, in their turn, may affect the process of the developing of transferring meaning. Moreover, being part of phraseological units, onyms may demonstrate lexical features that are not typical for proper names, in particular, create contextual antonymy and synonymy. 
Belozerova E.Y., Ginzburg O.V. - Modern phraseology of the English language: the world of fantasies, dreams and hallucination pp. 140-146

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2024.2.69859

EDN: IEZWII

Abstract: The article examines phraseological units of modern English from the perspective of expressing the meaning of dreaming, fantasizing and making things up. Examples of the use of phraseological units from modern English dictionaries served as empirical material. The relevance of the study is due to the emergence of a secondary nominative meaning for the word hallucinate for the purpose of further analysis of phraseological units and their possible similarity in meaning. The object of study in the article is phraseological units used in the examples presented in dictionaries to correlate the original meaning of the verb hallucinate with the presented phraseological units. The subject of the study is the communicative and pragmatic functions of the received phraseological units to describe dreams, fantasies and inventions in a state of conscious and unconscious. The purpose of the work is to study and analyze the received phraseological units. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the quality of the material (modern phraseology and vocabulary of the English language), as well as the analysis of the relationship between the meaning of the word hallucinate and the presented phraseological units. The main research method is an inductive approach to the analysis of empirical material, in which conclusions are based on the analysis of specific phraseological units. To identify derivational transformations in the structural-semantic organization of phraseological units, the work uses structural-semantic analysis. The result of the analysis reveals a number of phraseological units, the meaning of which does not correspond to the original meaning of the word hallucinate. However, one phraseological unit has been identified which can be considered as a synonym for the word hallucinate. This study contributes to the development of the study of phraseology of English, its enrichment, as well as its understanding in a broad approach.
Borunov A.B., Gereikhanova K.F., Shuiskaya Y.V. - Praesens Historicum as a stylistic method of removing Gender opposition in B. Akunin's detectives (based on the material of the works "Decorator" and "Sulazhin") pp. 142-148

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.9.37463

EDN: MFLOPI

Abstract: The subject of the study is the use of the form praesens historicum ("the present historical") in texts in modern Russian. The object of the study is the function of the present historical, which has not been previously investigated in Russian science – its use as a tool for neutralizing gender opposition in texts written in the first person. B. Akunin's texts are used as the research material, in which the function of playing with the reader is realized with the help of praesens historicum. The authors consider in detail such aspects of the topic as the functioning of this form in the texts of the original genre, as well as its use as a factor of detective intrigue. The main conclusions of the study are the following. The praesens historicum form makes it possible to neutralize gender opposition by drawing a demarcation line between the narrator as a subject and the narrator as an object. Accordingly, in the text of a detective work, this allows you to strengthen the game with the reader, since both male and female characters can act as a potential suspect. In the experimental text "Sulazhin", the use of the real historical allows you to increase the number of plot options. The novelty of the research lies in the identification of the neutralization of gender opposition as a cycle-forming motive and a means of uniting the "Akunin universe" into a single textual whole.
Li X. - Complex Words of the Coronavirus Era in Russian and Chinese: Word-formation Aspect pp. 149-158

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.9.38592

EDN: MHFUNK

Abstract: The object of the study is the changes occurring in the vocabulary of the Russian and Chinese languages in the era of coronavirus, and the subject is complex words describing new realities during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID–19, and the mechanisms of their creation. The material for the analysis was scientific sources in Russian and Chinese, from which 48 complex words formed in various ways were selected by the method of target sampling. Among them are 34 Russian words formed by addition, as well as addition or fusion in combination with suffixation; 14 Chinese lexemes formed by methods of addition, definition using suffixation and control. The purpose of the work is to determine the regularities of the formation of complex words of the type under study in two typologically different languages and to identify their similarities and differences. Special attention is paid to the comparison of word-formation mechanisms and the description of their similarities and differences in the two languages. In the work, along with general scientific methods of observation, analysis and synthesis, the following research methods were used: descriptive method, lexico-grammatical commentary, method of component analysis and comparative analysis. The results of the study show that due to the pragmatic needs for the designation of new phenomena, objects, actions, feelings, etc. A number of words have appeared in Russian and Chinese, which is currently defined as "coronalexica". The main conclusions of the study are the revealed phonetic, morphological and syntactic differences in the mechanisms of formation of complex words in two languages. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time a comparative analysis of the vocabulary of the coronavirus era in the word-formation aspect is carried out on the material of the Russian and Chinese languages, while the interpretations of new words are given.
Zhulidov S.B., Zolotova M.V., Kostin A.Y. - Invariant and Variability Boundaries as Indicators of the Translation Adequacy (Exemplified by Contemporary American Prose) pp. 150-164

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.9.39003

EDN: ZRWYEG

Abstract: The object of the study is the novel "The Collector" by the American writer Nora Roberts. Interrelation of the contents’ meaning invariant and its variability inevitably springing up in the fiction translation process due to linguistic as well as extra-linguistic factors is analytically considered. Special heed is paid to the transcendence of the admissible or «tolerated» variability which is bound not only to infringe the translation invariant, but also to distort the original contents’ meaning as well as its distinctive stylistic features. Examples in the form of textual excerpts borrowed from the original and its published translation are compared and juxtaposed on the basis of the detailed linguistic examination of the voluntary deviations from the original made up by the translator both involuntarily, i.e. erroneously, and deliberately. They consist mostly either of the source text’s contents omission or introduction of his/her personal dysfunctional, redundant, and completely unjustified additional information to the target text. The examples are mainly classified according to the factors causing either the variability of the source text or its meaning’s distortion as well as to the effectiveness of various means aimed to protect the translation invariant. In most cases, the authors suggest their own equivalent versions of either omitted or distorted original’s excerpts as appropriate contextual correspondences. The authors conclude that such excessive variability in the translation of the novel into Russian distorted the general meaning of the original, changed its semantics and stylistics.
Belozor A., Ovchinnikova O. - Culturological and Linguistic Components of Cross-Cultural Communcation in the French and English Languages pp. 153-161

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2018.2.26119

Abstract: The authors of the article reviewed and analyzed the features of modern language training for successful interaction with representatives of different cultures. Special attention is paid to the importance of the dialogue between cultures as a mechanism for equal interchange of spiritual values and knowledge. The authors consider such aspects of language training as the formation of a secondary linguistic personality and peculiarities of working with authentic information that allows understanding the realities of a different culture. The object of the research is intercultural communication, the subject of the research is the competence approach and vocational education in language training. In the course of the study, the authors resorted to system, structural-functional and typological analysis, and also used a comparative method. The novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive analysis of the competencies necessary for the development of a successful professional in demand in the global community. The main conclusions of the study are the provisions that in the current conditions of the global community a specialist is in demand, not only fluent in foreign languages and ready to constantly improve their professional competencies. A competitive professional should be open to understanding and perceiving the realities of a different culture, while at the same time preserving their cultural identity communication, dialogue between cultures, English, authentic texts, sociocultural mutual exchange
Shamaeva A.E. - Reflexes of the Middle Mongolian affricate *č in dialectical lexis of the Yakut language pp. 154-160

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.6.31824

Abstract: The subject of this research is the Yakut-Mongolian parallels of dialectic lexis of the Yakut language encountered only in the local dialects and unknown in the literary Yakut language. The object of this research is the phonetic processes in Mongolian parallels of dialectical lexis of the Yakut language. The author meticulously examines the reflexes of the Middle Mongolian affricate *č in Mongolian parallels of dialectical lexis of the Yakut language, which data corresponds with the various development stages of the old written Mongolian language. Analysis is conducted with consideration of phonetic changes that have occurred in the history of development of the Yakut and Mongolian languages. The author applies the method of comparative analysis of orthogram of the word in the old Mongolian writing with the data of dialectical lexis of the Yakut language. It is revealed that dialectical lexis of the Yakut language demonstrates the state of Mongolian dialects of the X-XIV centuries, i.e. the time when in Mongolian languages was present the indigenous *č + vowel and či taking roots in the historic *ti. The author also determines the instances, which reflect the evidence of the ancient and possibly late Yakut-Mongolian connection.
Chelak E.A., Russu K.R., Filimonova N.V., Valieva L.F. - Linguocognitive modeling of the image of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra (based on the data of federal mass media) pp. 156-168

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.10.36557

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the problem of linguocognitive modeling of image of the region in the context of modern globalization processes and territorial identification among other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The data of federal mass media published over the period from January 1, 2015 to January 31, 2021 served as the material for this research. The relevance of this article is defined by the interest of modern science in the problems of structural organization, substantive characterization, and typological specification of the image of separate territorial entities. The application of linguocognitive approach reveals the implicit properties of the phenomenon “the image of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra”, which is of crucial practical importance for representation of the region in the overall territorial arena of the Russian Federation. The conclusion is made on feasibility of constructing the linguistic image of the region based on its economic attractiveness (46%), cultural-historical attractiveness (17%), and spatial characteristics (11%). Each type of identification includes certain attributes of factual, associative, or symbolic nature. The scientific novelty lies in description of the conceptual model of regional linguistic space of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, as well as the external image of the region based on the acquired data. The general methodology for determining the conceptual framework of representations on the region can be extrapolated to the practice of other Russian regions and identification of the similar processes of image design. The research perspective is determined by expansion of the material, modeling of the internal linguistic image of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, and conducting comparative studies.
Afshar M. - Transformations in linguocultural image of Persia in the novel “The Death of Vazir-Mukhtar” by Yury Tynyanov in comparison with “The Travel Notes” by A. S. Griboyedov pp. 158-167

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.12.37007

Abstract: The subject of this research is the lexical means of creation of the linguocultural image of Persia in the novel “The Death of Vazir-Mukhtar” by Yury Tynyanov in comparison with “The Travel Notes” by A. S. Griboyedov The goal is to reveal the patterns of creation of linguoculturological image of Persia. For achieving the set goal, the lexical means are classified into lexical-semantic groups and subjected to semantic analysis. The article explores the lexical-semantic groups: nonequivalent lexicon (realias); proper names, including toponyms and anthroponyms; and common nouns that denote cultural realities, particularly denominations of people, place, holidays and calendar events, and artifacts. The scientific novelty consists in diachronic research of the process of formation of the image of Persia. The main results lies in the proof that the linguoculturological image is formed on the basis of certain lexical-semantic constants. The analysis of lexical units indicated that the semantic groups of words with linguoculturological component in these two works coincide, but the linguocultural image of Iran created by Y. Tynyanov in the novel “The Death of Vazir-Mukhtar” 100 years after “The Travel Notes” by A. S. Griboyedov is expressed by a wide range and variety of thematic lexical groups. This fact is explained not only by the genre differences of the texts, but also by the fact that with the course of time, the linguoculturological image of the country changes; it develops around certain constants, the semantic core.
Li O.D. - Derivative Preposition "V Protivoves": Constructions and Specifics of Functioning pp. 159-168

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.9.38729

EDN: MRJIBD

Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the function word «v protivoves» (counterweight). The subject of the research is syntactic and functional properties of the studied linguistic unit. Because of the processes of lexicalization and grammaticalization, the class of functional words is constantly replenished with special syntactic and functions words, which increases the relevance of this study. The aim of this article is to analyze prepositional constructions from the point of view of their structure and component composition as well as to describe the peculiarities of these syntactic structures functioning in a sentence and a text. The descriptive method and a corpus method of collecting and processing material were used. As a result of the study, it was found that the preposition forms adversarial relations between the components of constructions of two types - two-components and three-components. Components distributors participate in the formation of opposition relations. The preposition and the component it introduces create a complication of the sentence − additional predicativity. In the text, the preposition and anaphoric pronoun forms the relationship of opposition between the parts of the text, it is text-forming function.
Kiianova K. - Syntactic-stylistic peculiarities of political speech of Angela Merkel pp. 161-166

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.6.31833

Abstract: The subject of this research is the analysis of syntactic-stylistic means used by the German politician for creating an effective and influential speech. The object of this research is the texts of public political speeches of Angela Merkel in the period from 2009 to 2016. Based on the material of public utterances, the author determines and describes the syntactic peculiarities of their structuring, as well as percentage of the sentences with subordinating conjunctions. The article demonstrates the most frequent stylistic devices: recitation, repetition, syntactic parallelism, inversion, question-answer constructs, rhetoric question, and antithesis. The author substantiates the significance of the use of one or another stylistic device from the perspective of reception of speech and pragmatic effect. The scientific novelty consists in the need for analysis of syntactic-stylistic means based on the material of public political speech of the contemporary German politician. Public utterances of Angela Merkel have not previously become the separate object of linguo-stylistic analysis within the Russian Germanic philology. The conclusion is formulated on the specificity of stylistic devices characteristic of the speeches of Angela Merkel.
Asanova Z. - Compound Adjectives in the Linguistic Works of the XX – XXI Centuries (on the Material Crimean Tatar Language) pp. 168-173

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.12.37031

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the analysis of theoretical knowledge about compound adjectives in the Crimean Tatar language. The reviewed material allows determining the lacunae that serve as the basis for the study of compound adjectives. It is revealed that compound adjectives have not previously become the special subject of research; some information can be found in scientific works of the early XX century. Modern researchers outline the main methods of formation of compound adjectives, such as word composition and lexicaliziation of the phrase (sometimes combined with affixation); as well as determine compound adjectives with compositional and subordinating relations of the components.. The novelty of this work lies in carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the history of compound adjectives in the Crimean Tatar language. The conclusion is made that compound adjectives overall and their orthography in particular did not receive due attention in all grammars, which led to different interpretation of their spelling variations. Practical significance of this topic lies in the fact that the acquired results and materials can be used in the practice of teaching Crimean Tatar and other Turkic languages in secondary and higher schools.
Filimonova N.V., Russu K.R., Chelak E.A., Valieva L.F. - The political metaphor “Tyumen Matryoshka”: external linguistic image pp. 169-182

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.10.36559

Abstract: This article explores the functionality of political metaphor “Tyumen Matryoshka”. The research material contains the mass communication texts of the daily analytical newspaper, which a subsidiary of the “RosBusinessConsulting” media group (https://www.rbc.ru). The scientific novelty is defined by the need to examine and assess the external linguistic image of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra through the metaphorical model. Analysis is conducted on the peculiarities of functionality of the political metaphor “Tyumen Matryoshka” based on the material of the regional mass media in the context of image identification of the region. Application of the set of techniques of linguocognitive modeling to description of the image of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra reveals the structure of the object at hand, and allows concluding on its constructedness. Discursive analysis of the contexts determines 4 frames and 7 components that comprise the content of the political metaphor “Tyumen Matryoshka”. The acquired results prove the importance of practical typification of linguistic peculiarities of Yugra for the development of cultural and spiritual-moral potential, as well as integration of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra into the global information and economic space. Discursive affinity of the obtained contexts is explained by the presence of metaphorical component "Tyumen Matryoshka" therein. The data acquired in the course of this study underlie the interdisciplinary, comparative, and typological research that would allow determining the general, the specific, and the unique in linguistic landscape of the region. The research perspective is dictated by the need for modeling the general linguistic image of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra.
Li M. - Linguocultural Conditionality of the Use of Euphemisms of the Thematic Group «Death» in Russian and Chinese Proverbs pp. 169-177

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.9.38830

EDN: MJGOXI

Abstract: The article is devoted to the theoretical aspects of the problem of expressing linguocultural features, value orientations and aspects of the development of the linguocultural potential of euphemisms of the thematic group «death» in Russian and Chinese proverbs. The purpose of the study was to identify the specifics of the use of euphemisms of the thematic group «death» in Russian and Chinese proverbs in the context of the linguocultural conditionality of euphemisms. The object of the study is the euphemisms of the thematic group «death» in Russian and Chinese proverbs. The subject of the research is linguocultural features and linguocultural potential of euphemisms of the thematic group «death» in Russian and Chinese proverbs. The study used methods of analysis of scientific research literature, linguoculturological analysis of language units, structural and comparative analysis; descriptive methods, including sampling and analysis of linguistic material, etc. The main conclusions of the study are: euphemisms of the thematic group under study do not have the same expression in Russian and Chinese, since these ethnic groups are characterized by a non-identical worldview (in the field of axiology, philosophy, religion); aspects of the development of the linguocultural potential of euphemisms are due to the specifics of the ethnocultural attitude to this phenomenon. The author's special contribution to the study of the topic is to identify the specifics of the value orientations of the euphemisms of the thematic group «death», which are defined through oppositions that objectify ideas about this phenomenon. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time an analysis of the euphemisms of the thematic group «death» was carried out in the framework of identifying their linguocultural conditionality, value orientations, as well as the linguocultural potential in Russian and Chinese proverbs.
Knyazeva N.V. - Occasional complex words in the journalism of V. Nabokov pp. 170-179

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.4.40433

EDN: WEOZHE

Abstract: The object of the study is the individual author's complex lexemes of V. Nabokov. The source of the language material is the author's journalistic works, which, due to the specifics of the genre, contain a large number of occasional formations of various kinds, including word-formation derivatives. Composite words are considered as a manifestation of the phenomenon of language play in the author's text, on the one hand, and as the implementation of V. Nabokov's "game style" in journalistic texts, on the other. A wide range of philological research methods were used for the objective analysis of occasionalisms: semantic-stylistic, component and contextual analysis, and an intertextual approach was also implemented as meeting the content parameters of V. Nabokov's texts as a whole.   The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time occasional composite words were analyzed in the framework of a multidimensional approach based on the material of V. Nabokov's journalism. As a result of the analysis, conclusions of general and particular order were drawn, namely: - the author's journalism of V. Nabokov is characterized by a deep game stylistics of texts, which is expressed, among other things, with the help of word-making; - the use of occasionalisms in journalistic texts makes it possible to actualize the author's meanings, give capacious, figurative characteristics, at the same time reflect the position of the author; - occasional composites as a result of word composition are distinguished by linguistic compression and at the same time a great semantic saturation, including connotative meanings; - in V. Nabokov's journalism, the comic often becomes ironic, even sarcastic, going beyond the comic is determined by the specifics of the style: relevance, sharpness of the subject, emphasized by the freedom of the author's self-expression; - from a semantic point of view, V. Nabokov's occasional composites have a high degree of generality, often created by the author for the nomination of typical phenomena of reality, including typical images, characters.
Chaplik V.A. - Lexicological features of modern french-speaking media pp. 173-182

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.7.43567

EDN: TNRSTR

Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis of current trends in the political and public discourse of the modern French language. The subject of the research conducted on the material of French-language periodicals is lexical innovations found in the language material of the modern press. It should be noted that some topics attract neology more than others, in particular, politics, which is directly due to its dynamics: the constant emergence of movements, groupings, ideas and ideologies that get their name. In this context a paradigm that includes units formed from proper names seems particularly productive. The main focus of the research is on the word-formation and semantic aspects of such neologisms, on the analysis of the most frequent examples of such lexical neoplasms. The results of the study allow us to state the wide prevalence of eponymous neologisms in the political and social French-speaking discourse, as well as to track the actual use of these lexical formations in the press using the Néoveille platform.
Tyurin P.M. - Features of the Functioning and Semantics of the Textual Bond "bolee togo" [moreover] pp. 178-187

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.9.38843

EDN: MMWMIU

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the semantics and features of the functioning of the textual bond "bolee togo" [moreover]. The aim of the work was to identify the specifics of the functioning of this textual bond, taking into account its semantic features in texts of various functional styles and genres. Moreover, the following research methods have been applied to comprehend the features of semantics and functioning of the textual bond: the traditional descriptive method, including methods of observation, generalization and systematization of linguistic phenomena, and the method of contextual analysis. The methodological basis of the research was the works in the field of syntax of the modern Russian language, including the works of representatives of the Far Eastern syntactic school in the field of service words. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time a detailed analysis of the functioning of textual bond "bolee togo" [moreover] in modern literary texts, texts of mass media, blogs, Internet comments, information and reference and other resources. It is established that textual bond "bolee togo" [moreover] has a two-element morphological structure with a contact arrangement of elements. These elements make up the semantic base of the textual bond, because its own semantics is based on them – "something more important than what was said earlier." It is revealed that the textual bond "bolee togo" [moreover] has a fairly free scope of action. Its left and right context can make up several statements or paragraphs, but the whole text cannot become the context of the textual bond. In addition, this textual bond can function in the format of a textual bond-phrase and interact with co-ordinating conjunction, but we have not found any cases of interaction with other textual bonds. The results of this study should become the basis for a comprehensive lexicographic description of the textual bond "bolee togo" [moreover] in the "Dictionary of service words of the Russian language".
Skorik K.V. - Semiotic status of objects and their functioning in the Anglo-Saxon and Russian charms pp. 205-213

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.4.35272

Abstract: The research focuses on the problem of semiotic status of objects in the Anglo-Saxon and Russian charms. The text of charms is the object of the research. The aim of the research is to define the semiotic status of objects in the Anglo-Saxon and Russian charms and to reveal the functioning of the objects in the text of a charm. The work deals with charms as examples of a sacral text. The research is promising due to the fact that studying a sacral text in this context is based on the anthropocentric approach. The tasks of the research include the following: to denote the status of a charm as a sacral text, to describe the semiotic status of objects in a charm, to reveal the role of a ritual in the objects’ acquiring the features of signs, to define the functions of semiotic objects in the charms. The scientific novelty of the research is in its comparative analysis of Russian and Anglo-Saxon charms in terms of linguistic semiotics. The author points out and describes several functions of semiosis as a system of objects that have a semiotic status. The major conclusion made as a result of the research is that the symbolic functions of material cultural objects in a sacral text enable the objects to acquire various features when they are included in the ritual component of a charm.
Tsi Y. - Comparison of motivation of the Russian and Chinese terms (based on the material of linguistic terminology) pp. 207-213

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.5.35494

Abstract: One of the paramount peculiarities of the Chinese terms is their sinicization. Sinicization of the term is often viewed a translation and adaptation of foreign language terms to the specifics of Chinese language. This implies that the new word is being rooted in the Chinese “soil” and subsequently recognized as Chinese native. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of Chinese and Russian linguistic terminology. The goal is to compare the motivation of Chinese and Russian linguistic terminology and determine the influencing factors. The research material was collected from the Dacihai Dictionary and the Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary, and consists of more than 6,000 terminological units. The article employs the methods of description, comparison, and continuous sampling. The scientific novelty lies in determination of the factors that influence the motivation of Chinese linguistic terminology, as well as in its comparison with Russian linguistic terminology. The conclusion is made that Chinese terms have stronger motivation than Russian terms. On the one hand, Chinese characters are the ideograms that convey the thought in a motivational form, and offer more opportunities for increasing semantic transparency. On the other hand, the syllabic characteristics of Chinese language limit the possibility of transliteration of foreign words. With the exception of proper names, the Chinese terminology features a very few transliterated or partially transliterated terms.
ßíü X. - The relationship between language and dictionary pp. 213-220

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.5.37920

Abstract: The language influences the content of the dictionary. The content of the dictionary reflects the current language situation, and the structure of the dictionary to some extent reflects the structure of the language. Language is a carrier of culture, inheriting its values and at the same time enriching it. It can be said that there can be no culture or history of mankind without language. On the other hand, language, being a reflection of culture, depends on the latter and has to face the limitations that culture puts in front of it in each specific case. A dictionary is a native speaker who records and transmits a language within a certain historical and cultural background. At the same time, the object of dictionary is the language, the type and characteristics of the dictionary largely depend on the language. The subject of this article is the Chinese language and various Chinese dictionaries. The methods of research are induction, analysis. The novelty lies in the fact that this article is the first attempt to analyze the relationship between dictionaries and languages, and in this article many iconic Chinese dictionaries are listed from a historical point of view, and they are analyzed to summarize the relationship between dictionaries and languages. And conclusions are drawn about the existence of relationships between dictionaries and languages that influence each other and contribute to mutual development, and the structure of the dictionary reflects the structure of the language. Clarifying the relationship between languages and dictionaries can also provide a meaningful practical foundation for language learners.
Zagrebelnaya A.S. - Spatial behavior in romantic communication: comparative analysis in the Russian, English, and Spanish linguocultures pp. 214-223

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.4.35279

Abstract: This article describes the concept of “romantic communication”, examines the linguocultural specificity of spatial behavior in the instances of romantic communication in Russian, English and Spanish linguocultures. It is demonstrated that the situations of romantic communication in the indicated linguocultures are characterized by certain spatial movements of the communicants depending on their communicative intentions. The relevance of the selected topic is substantiated by globalization processes and rapid building of contacts between Russia, Great Britain and Spain, which, in turn, bonds these linguocultures and makes requires their in-depth study in order to understand the peculiarities of representation of spatial behavior in the course of interpersonal communication. It is worth noting that there are different approaches towards studying the romantic discourse; assessment is given to the role of the kinesic components therein. The question on similarity and divergence of the proxemic components in romantic communication in the Russian, English and Spanish linguocultures remains debatable, and draws particular interests of the experts in the field of linguistics and linguoculturology, as well as the representatives of business spheres dealing with Russia, Great Britain and Spain in one or another way; it allows to better understand the purpose and use of spatial components in the communicative aspect. The scientific novelty of this research consists in determination of linguistic peculiarities of representation of spatial behavior in the instances of romantic communication in the Russian, English and Spanish linguocultures. As a result of the conducted analysis, the author identifies the key main verbal, nominative, and adjective constructions that represent proxemic components of romantic communication in the English, Russian, and Spanish languages. It is also underlined that the characteristic features of the romantic discourse are related not only to kinesics, but also proxemics, which gives a better perspective on the motives of behavioral specificity of the actors of romantic communication, as well as helps to identify the level of their closeness through detailed analysis of linguistic saturation of the literary text.
Koroglu L.A. - Russian lexicon in the lexical-semantic space of the newspaper “Tercüman” pp. 214-221

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.5.35534

Abstract: The subject of this article is the Russian lexicon used in the Turkic-language texts of the newspaper “Tercüman” (Translator) of the late XIX century. The author determines the following thematic groups of the Russian loanwords: military, journalistic, political vocabulary, legal, pedagogical, economic, and literary studies lexicon, as well as the names of food and consumer goods. The examples of sociopolitical borrowed lexicon are most common, as they are the leading feature of the newspaper language. Description is given to the methods of explaining Russian lexicon in the Turkic-language text. In the provided examples, the Russian lexicon is both explicable and explanatory. Semanticization is carried out via explanatory conjunction “yani” (that is). In some examples, Russian equivalents are given in parentheses or comma separated. Use of the Russian lexeme in the text without clarification, indicates its earlier borrowing into the Crimean Tatar language. The scientific novelty of this research consists in determination of the Russian loanwords used in the Crimean Tatar written language of the late XIX century, as well as in broadening knowledge in the field of the history of lexicology of the Crimean Tatar language. The conducted research allows tracing the diachrony of infiltration of the Russian loanwords into the Crimean Tatar language, as well as reveals the international lexicon that came into the Crimean Tatar language through the means of Russian language and retains the Russian phonic sounds. Leaning on the provided examples, the author examines grapho-phonetic peculiarities and spelling of the Russian loanwords in Arabic text in the Crimean Tatar language. This work may be valuable for further research of the history infiltration and peculiarities of the use of Russian loanwords in the Crimean Tatar language.
Oshurmakhmadova S.S. - Ideographical Organisation of Diplomatic Clerical Vocabulary pp. 216-220

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.4.30041

Abstract: The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the vocabulary of diplomatic clerical work. The researcher demonstrates that analysis of a lexical language system within vocabulary thematic groups makes lexical material available for study in all kinds of aspects. She also demonstrates that diplomatic standartization is reflected not only in the writing style and choice of components but also their location and graphic presentation. Specific features of diplomatic clerical vocabulary are a result of the fact that it is used by narrow groups of professional diplomats and lawyers specialising in international law. Thus, diplomatic clerical vocabulary is a term system that has been intensively developing. In the process of development, varied thematic groups have been created and constantly enriched with new expressive means of business style. The researcher offers a classification of lexical thematic groups based on the following criteria: semantic similarity of words; partial or full coincidence of meanings; possibility or impossibility of mutual substitution of words in a particular context; synonymy, antonymy, differentiation, generalisation and stylistic use of words. 
Chen X. - Comparative features of Russian and Chinese paremiological texts in linguistic and cultural aspects pp. 217-226

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.6.38093

EDN: RILEMA

Abstract: The subject of the research is the specificity of the implementation of Russian and Chinese paremiological texts in the language picture of the world (which is conditioned by the national and linguocultural peculiarities of the Russian and Chinese languages). The object of the research is Russian and Chinese paremias as a reflection of the linguocultural dominants of Russia and China. The author examines in detail the aspects of the perception of paremiological texts in Russian and Chinese in a comparative aspect. Author reveals the concept of paremiological texts as a representation of the stereotypes of national consciousness, reflecting the accumulated experience, history, features of thinking and perception of the world. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of paremias in the context of socio-historical knowledge, material and spiritual culture, thinking of the Russian and Chinese peoples. The main conclusions of the study are: definition of paremias as significant elements of the language, reflecting the national cultural code; establishing a connection between paremiological texts and cultural and behavioral attitudes, creative and cognitive activities, as well as philosophy, etc. The author's special contribution to the study of the topic is to identify the features of Russian and Chinese paremias: in particular, it is noted that Russian paremias are conditioned by their attachment to everyday life, everyday observations; Chinese – associated with philosophy, allegorical understanding of social and everyday phenomena. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in the framework of identifying the specifics of Russian and Chinese paremias in the language picture of the world, a number of little-studied concepts were considered. These concepts determine the features of the representation of national and linguocultural dominants of Russia and China.
Yuan L. - Deliberate distortions of the concepts of “West” and “East” in media discourse pp. 219-226

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.11.36691

Abstract: This article dedicated to identification distortions in the traditional interpretations of the concepts of “West” and “East” in modern Russian media discourse. The goal lies in outlining separate aspects of distortion of these concepts and determination of causes for the emergence of such distortions in mass media discourse. The object of this research is the modern Russian media discourse that takes place in the online space. The subject is the distortions of media discourse. The article employs the analysis of scientific literature, linguoculturological text analysis, comparison and systematization of research results, continuous sampling, and keyword search. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that that this article is first to examine distortions of the concepts of “West” and “East”. It is revealed that the content of the concept of “West”, namely such aspects as modernity, progressiveness, development of new technologies, wealth, etc., are exposed to distortions the most; while the concept of “East” and its components, such as tradition, ancient civilization, despotism of state power, vestige of the past, impairment of rights of the women, and specific mode of living remain virtually unchanged. The conclusion is made that distortions of the concept of “West” and consistency of the concept of “East” in media discourse may be associated with the orientation of modern Russia towards Eastern civilization, as well deliberate opposition of Russia and the West presented in media discourse.
Knyazeva N.V., Kurkova N.V. - The transformation of phraseological units as a manifestation of language game in the journalism of V. V. Nabokov pp. 222-231

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.5.35694

Abstract: The object of this research is the transformed phraseologisms determined through the method of continuous sampling in the journalistic texts of V. V. Nabokov. The subject of this research is the structural-semantic and functional-pragmatic peculiarities of transforms. The subject of this research is define by various “game” mechanisms of transformations in the area of phraseology, as a result of which the individual-authorial transformations ensure the implementation of the author's plan. The goal of this work is to determine the peculiarities of the authorial transformation of phraseological units in the context of language game, and establish the role of modified phraseologisms in enhancing the influencing potential of the journalistic text. The theoretical and methodological framework contains the works that view the phenomenon of language game and the general principles of occasional transformation of phraseological units. The author advances the hypothesis of the pragmatically justified use of transformed phraseologism, substantiated by the stylistic specificity of resorting to language game as a means of creating certain expressive effect and implementation of the author's plan in the journalistic text. The scientific novelty consists in the complex structural-semantic and functional-pragmatic approach towards studying the transformed phraseological units. This article is first to describe the individual-authorial transformations of phraseological units in the journalism of V. V. Nabokov. It is noted that in the journalistic texts of V. V. Nabokov, the language game pursues both, aesthetic and functional-pragmatic goals, which correlate with the specificity of journalistic genre. The use of familiar, easy to reproduce phraseological units creates a cultural presupposition, which in the context of language game acquires additional connotations, substantiated by game transformation of the usual form and the meaning of phraseological locution, which contributes to the periphrastic expression of the author's attitude towards the topic under review.
Du X. - Forenization and domestication as basic strategies of translation from Russian into Chinese (on the example of the works of A. P. Chekhov) pp. 227-238

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.6.38108

EDN: RLGKZB

Abstract: The subject of the study is the specifics of the implementation of oppositional translation strategies: forenization and domestication, which contribute to the adequate translation of a literary text from Russian into Chinese, including the elimination of interlanguage lacunae. The object of the study is the artistic works of A. P. Chekhov and their translations into Chinese. The author examines in detail the aspects of the choice of unified methods and approaches to the elimination of interlanguage gaps that arise when translating the works of A. P. Chekhov into Chinese; examines the dependence of this choice on the specifics of the lacuna: stylistic / nominative, lexical / grammatical, etc. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of interlanguage lacunae in the translations of the works of A. P. Chekhov in the context of motivation / unmotivation. The main conclusions of the study are to determine the specifics of the implementation of forenization and domestication during the translation of the works of A. P. Chekhov into Chinese. In particular, it is noted that the strategy of domestication is used to eliminate lacunae: grammatical motivated, lexical compensated motivated, etc.; the strategy of forenization to eliminate lacunae: lexical vacant motivated, stylistic motivated, etc. The author's special contribution to the research of the topic is to identify the features of the use of strategies during the translation of a literary text due to eventual conditions, therefore, it is argued that it is inappropriate to unify the ways of eliminating language inconsistencies. The scientific novelty of the study is that for the first time in the framework of considering the implementation of oppositional translation strategies: forenization and domestication, the features of eliminating interlanguage gaps during the translation of works by A. P. Chekhov of the Russian language into Chinese were presented.
Golubitskii Y.A. - Scientific language: reality of corporate desire? (Addressing the issue of lexical and stylistic aspect of modern humanitarian research works) pp. 228-276
Abstract: The author of this article, being a philologist, literator and sociologist in his scientific work, analyzes the lexical and stylistic aspects of scientific works in humanitarian sciences in context of norms and traditions of the national Russian language. In his opinion, binary preposition of linguistic debate - encratic and acratic languages, Russian tradition for written fixation of scientific work, is, in fact, a quasi-language itself and is defined not as an independent communication phenomenon, but as a system of anomalies in regular language. The article provides a historical outlook on the interaction of scientific and literary methods of fixation and reflection of social realities - interaction that represents a pendulum of divergence and convergence processes.
Gorodilova L.M. - Peasants’ bynames in the Yeniseian Siberia of the XVII century as a reflection of work activity of the first settlers pp. 232-241

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2021.5.35711

Abstract: The object of this research is the anthroponymic space of business writing records in the Yeniseian Siberia of the XVII century, while the subject is the peasants’ bynames. The unpublished manuscripts preserved in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (Moscow) served as the sources for this research. Emphasis is placed on the semantic content of bynames as part of the anthroponymic formula. Using the traditional onomastic and lexical-semantic methods of research (descriptive, statistical, semantic and definitional analysis, etc.), the author describes bynames united by the concept “the type of work activity”. The semantics of the anthropological grounds of bynames, clarification is given to the composition of the social group under review, as well as to the types of economic activity of the peasants of Yeniseian and Krasnoyarsk counties. The acquired results indicated that semantic diversity of peasant bynames is substantiated by the objective situation during the colonization of Siberia, as well as complex composition of the peasantry, which could include the representatives of service class and suburb inhabitants. The scientific novelty consists in expanding the scope of sources for carrying out a comprehensive research of the regional anthroponymicon, as well as in broadening the knowledge on byname nomination within a single social group. The obtained results can be used as comparative materials in the analysis of anthroponymic systems of other regions, as well as in development of the regional dictionary of non-calendric personal names and bynames of the first Russian settlers of Yeniseian Siberia.
Abdul'manova A., Parfenov A.S. - Dynamic norm and variability of personal pronouns in the works of Geoffrey Chaucer pp. 234-241

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.12.31919

Abstract: The subject of this research is the dynamic variability in the sphere of personal of the Middle English Period. The object of this research is the personal pronouns of the Middle English (in form of the nominative case) used in the “Canterbury Tales” by Geoffrey Chaucer. Insufficient study of this layer of lexicon necessitates detailed examination of the rich tapestry of variability of pronouns for determination of the area of Medieval language norm that influenced the establishment of modern literary English language, which defines the relevance of this research. The goal consists in description of the dynamic norm of the Middle English. Research methodology consists in systematization, description and classification of language material, extracted through the method of continuous sampling from the first part of the “Knight’s Tale” of the “Canterbury Tales” of Geoffrey Chaucer, and setting quantitative parameters that reveal and confirm linguistic patterns that regularly manifest within the system of personal pronouns of the Middle English. The scientific novelty lies in comprehensive research of variability of personal pronouns and establishment of the dynamic norm and “quasi-norm” of the national literary standard of English language formed in the XIV century. The main conclusion consists in substantiation of the leading role of central dialects in comprising dynamic norm of the Middle English (namely with regards to pronouns), while the forms developed in the north and south should be attributed to quasi-norm.
Grushina O.A. - Analysis of modern media texts in Swahili language using the methods of corpus linguistics pp. 247-256

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2020.1.31993

Abstract: This article examines the application of corpus linguistics techniques for analyzing modern media texts in Swahili language. The language of mass media is representative and productive for the analysis and extraction of terms referred to the various spheres of speech use. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of determination of simple and compound medical terms and phrases in the Swahili language media texts by analyzing data on the frequency of using n-gram. To undertake this study, the author comprised the body of media texts based on the materials of Mtanzania newspaper published in 2014-2019. The methods of corpus linguistics and computer analysis were applied for collection of materials and analysis of the acquired data. The results of the conducted research demonstrated the effectiveness of the use of extraction technique if the relevant simple and compound medical terms by analyzing the body of media texts of the section Afya na Jamii, healthcare and social sphere using the UNIX system. An undeniable advantage of analysis of the body of media texts is the use of a “living” language with lexical saturation relevant for the present time. The obtained results may find future practical application: after processing by the lexicographers and experts in the area of medicine, the discovered terms and phrases can be used for composing specialized thematic dictionaries in Swahili language.
Golovanivskaya M.K., Efimenko N.A. - The idea of truth in Russian, French and Chinese languages and cultures pp. 249-267

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.5.40622

EDN: HQJANA

Abstract: The article examines the idea of "truth" in three linguistic pictures of the world - Russian, French and Chinese. The study is contrastive, the results are compared. The description of each idea is made according to a clear algorithm: the etymology of the word, the mythological roots of the concept, its compatibility, from the compatibility is distinguished real connotation according to V. A. Uspensky, a comparison of dictionary definitions is made.The aim of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the idea of "truth" in the Russian, French and Chinese languages. The purpose of the comparison is to see the similarities and differences in the worldview of different peoples. Scientific methods of research are: comparative-historical method, method of generalization, method of semantic analysis. This topic is understudied, no linguocultural studies analyzing this idea in Russian, French and Chinese culture have been observed earlier, which constitutes the scientific novelty of the work. The results will contribute to mutual understanding between peoples, forming a kind of conceptual bridge, and will also be used in courses on regional studies, comparative studies of cultures, and in the teaching of the respective languages.
Pushkareva Y.G., Zharnikova A.V., Shcherbakova A.A. - The discursive function of anemonyms in the modern communicative space pp. 254-264

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.6.38273

EDN: QHSZBL

Abstract: The article discusses the discursive function of anemonyms – names of winds. The authors include names of winds and their nomenclature designations in the concept of "anemonym". The discursive function determines the role of linguistic units both in the process of cognition and in the process of communication. The polysemanticism of the word wind and its synonyms, on the one hand, expands their functionality, and on the other hand, promotes discursive realization in both emotional and rational contexts. The purpose of the article is to characterize the discursive function of anemonyms. The subject of the study is anemonyms in the modern communicative space. The main research methods are descriptive, etymological, comparative-historical and discursive. Relevance: the study of anemonyms in the functional aspect allows us to identify the features of human cognition and perception of the surrounding reality, various mechanisms of human mental activity, as well as various forms of knowledge representation. Conclusions. The discursive nature of language explains the acquisition of new meanings by words, as well as their new uses in an unusual context. Language is closely related to socio-psychological changes in the communicative space of a particular language. Intensive metaphorization of synonyms of the word wind gives innovation and creativity to the discourse, since the presence in the mind of a native speaker of the connection between the signifier and the signified, that is, the psychological motivation of the word, emphasizes its special property – expressiveness.
Bavula Y.I. - The potential of verbs of thinking in the implementation of the modal meaning of desirability, possibility in media discourse pp. 258-267

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.11.44183

EDN: ZJSTFM

Abstract: The author, based on media texts, examines the verbs of thinking, think, decide and their derivatives. The subject of the study is the meaning of situational modality - the meaning of desirability, possibilities realized by verbs of thinking. The purpose of the work is to reveal the specifics of the modal functioning of the verbs thinking, think, decide and their derivatives. Achieving this goal is facilitated by solving the following tasks: 1) identify modal meanings realized by the verbs think and decide and their derivatives; 2) determine the conditions for the modal functioning of the above verbs. The goals and objectives of this work determined the choice of a comprehensive research methodology, including the following methods: functional-semantic, contextual, descriptive. As a result of the study, it was found that the verbs of thinking and decide and their derivatives are capable of realizing the modal meaning of desirability (variant meaning of intention), possibility, and in some cases the complex meaning of “desirability + possibility”. The scientific novelty of the article is determined by the material and subject of the study. The analysis of media texts made it possible to: 1) establish the lexical and grammatical basis of the modal functioning of verbs of thinking, the semantics of which implicitly contains a modal component; 2) determine the syntactic conditions for the implementation of the meanings of situational modality, which consist in the presence of a dependent (subjective) infinitive with the verb; 3) to conclude that the most frequent modal modifier in media discourse is the verb to decide and its derivatives. Observations and conclusions obtained as a result of the study stimulate further study of the specifics and conditions of the modal functioning of verbs of thinking in different spheres of social life.
Ulanskii E.A. - On the main metarule of the Sanskrit grammar of Pāṇini pp. 259-270

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2022.8.38514

EDN: YOVERI

Abstract: The subject of this study is the most famous and most frequently used metarule of the Sanskrit grammar "Aṣṭādhyāyī" compiled by the ancient Indian linguist Pāṇini. This metarule is called "bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā" and serves to determine the correct sequence of grammatical operations prescribed in the "Aṣṭādhyāyī". The material of the study are various interpretation of the bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā in Sanskrit commentaries on the "Aṣṭādhyāyī", as well as in the collections of metarules compiled by Sanskrit grammarians. The purpose of the work is to acquaint the Russian-speaking reader with the most important interpretative tool of the grammar of Panini — bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā, as well as with the history of the interpretation of this metarule in Sanskrit grammatical literature. The research method is a comparative analysis of Sanskrit primary sources containing interpretations of the bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā. For the first time in the Russian-language literature, a detailed analysis of the bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā has been made. The history of the origin of this metarule and its interpretation by Sanskrit grammarians has been studied. The signs of acquaintance of Panini with bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā are investigated. It is shown that, despite the widespread use of this metarule, the mechanism of its application was not explicitly described until the XVIII century AD, when this problem was completely solved by the grammarian Nāgojībhaṭṭa in his work "Paribhāṣenduśekhara". It is established that one of the main achievements of Nāgojībhaṭṭa was the strict definition of the concepts of antaraṅga and bahiraṅga — the most important elements of the statement of bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā.
Gerasimova A.A. - Modern Arabic Scholars on Stress pp. 262-280

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.8.39828

EDN: VNRNYG

Abstract: The article comments on the most significant phonetic works, which describe: • theoretical provisions on the physiology of percussive sound generation, • its acoustic features and parameters of the vowel component – syllabic carrier, • rules for placing stress in Arabic words, • Peculiarities and differences in the generation of stress in different idioms of the Arab world. The aim of the paper is to describe the basic concepts of Arab scholars regarding the stress in the Arabic word. The authors take a different look at the articulatory mechanism and acoustic characteristics of stress, highlighting various parameters of the stressed syllable, such as effort, exhaled air volume, intensity, tone, duration and distinctness. The purpose of the description is to identify the common features of Arabic stress. The article examines the works of Ibrahim Anis, Muhammad al-Nuri, Tamam Hassan and Ahmad Mukhtar Umar – authors of the 20th century, when experimental phonetic studies among Arabic linguists were not yet carried out, therefore, the paper describes a purely theoretical study of the issue. As the main factor of the stressed syllable, Arabic authors choose the effort applied for its implementation, as well as the tone – this is noted in the works of all the listed linguists. Two authors highlight the characteristics of distinctness and duration. According to all authors, intensity makes the least contribution to the stress of a syllable. All factors are associated with great effort at the stage of articulation. The article describes the history of interest in stress in Arabic grammatical monographs, as well as the main provisions and approaches to its definition, which made it possible to further experimental study of the issue.
Guan Q. - Linguistic Analysis of the Concept of CORRUPTION in the Russian Political Discourse pp. 265-273

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.6.40916

EDN: QHTUJG

Abstract: The subject of the study is the concept of CORRUPTION from the point of view of its implementation in the tests of political discourse. The purpose of the study is to conceptualize the concept of CORRUPTION in the semantic space of the modern Russian language (based on the material of texts containing the concept of "corruption" in the electronic version of the journal "RBC"). The article concretizes the term "corruption", postulates its legal formality. The concept of discourse is detailed and the affiliation of the concept of CORRUPTION to institutional political and economic discourses is formulated. The specific examples published in an authoritative Russian business magazine and reflecting the current attitude of society to the phenomenon under consideration are analyzed. The methodological base includes conceptual analysis, semantic analysis, content analysis, description and systematization. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the subject of the study is the implementation of public discourse in the form of media tests published for a wide audience, in which social, and linguistic transformations become noticeable before other written sources. This makes it possible to actualize an important social phenomenon. The results obtained complement the system of scientific knowledge on the problems of conceptualization and transformation of the concept, and can also be used in teaching. The results of the study showed that each text with the help of certain expressions creates a special lexical and conceptual core, which includes, among others, the words and expressions "clean", "crime", "damage", "loss of trust" and others. This core depends on the subject of the discussion.
Popova L.G., Kovalenko D. - Structural characteristics of French and Russian terms of the subject area "space artificial satellites" (based on glossaries) pp. 268-276

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.5.40869

EDN: GJGSUT

Abstract: This article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the derivational elements of French and Russian terms of space artificial satellites area. Linguists’ understanding of prefixation and suffixation components features, the ability to identify the prerequisites of their usage, correlate their morphological structure with cultural and historical linguistic realities will ensure a competent and timely interpretation of terms in this field in the process of experts’ interaction. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that scientists have not conducted a comparative analysis of the French-Russian elements of the term formation of such a highly specialized and innovative subject area as space artificial satellites. The subject of the study is the linguistic features of French and Russian terms formation methods in the space artificial satellites area. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time we have identified the most active method of the terms’ derivation based on the material of the two languages under consideration. The results of the study demonstrate that suffixation is the main way of forming terms in both French and Russian languages, in particular, the suffixes –tion and –ement in French and –îñòü in Russian are most actively involved in the formation of terms; that international prefixes are used in most cases of formation of space artificial satellites terms and the quantitative representativeness of the prefixes télé–/òåëå– and auto–/àâòî– accounts for half of the total number of units.
Wang Y. - Conceptual analysis of the lexeme "cloud" in Russian and Chinese linguocultures pp. 274-285

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.6.43432

EDN: QHWHEA

Abstract: The subject of the study is the lexeme "cloud" in cultures fixed in the signs of the Russian and Chinese languages. The purpose of the work is to study the features of the lexeme "cloud" in Russian and Chinese linguocultures using conceptual analysis. The research uses the methods of conceptual linguistic and cultural analysis, comparative analysis and continuous sampling. This article discusses the concept of "cloud" as one of the most important lexemes for the cultures of the two countries. Special attention is paid to identifying dictionary interpretations of this word in two languages, to the study of materials with the "cloud" component, presented in Russian and Chinese phraseological units, paroemias and poems. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the disclosure of the symbolic meaning of the lexeme "cloud" using the method of conceptual analysis, as well as in the comparison of this concept against the background of different linguistic cultures. As a result, the cultural content of the concept "cloud", contained in the Russian and Chinese languages, is revealed, the similarities and differences of the concept "cloud" against the background of two linguistic cultures are generalized. It is concluded that the lexeme "cloud" preserves rich cultural traditions with ethnic characteristics. In Russian linguoculture, the "cloud" is often associated with religion and God, having a mystical connotation, in Chinese linguoculture it reflects the funny feelings of the Chinese, including romanticism, ambition and the desire for a career or life. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that it provides an opportunity to understand the national specifics of the culture of the two countries, and has a positive impact on intercultural communication.
Studenikina D.G. - Linguacultural prerequisites for the creation of new lexical units in dystopias (on the example of the lexical-thematic group "Names of socio-political organizations" in George Orwell's dystopian novel "1984") pp. 281-288

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2023.8.43761

EDN: VOIYHU

Abstract: This research studies the mechanisms of the formation of the author's vocabulary in the text of a dystopia. This vocabulary is called non-existent designations of literary reality. Extra linguistic factors influence the formation of the author's neologism. One of the factors is culture, which influenced the formation of linguistic consciousness. A literary work is a space in which the linguistic embodiment of the author's image of the world, his linguistic culture is concentrated. The material of the research is the text of the dystopian novel "1984" by George Orwell. Dystopia is of interest as one of the fantastic subgenres. The structure of the dystopian world is constructed on the author's fantasy, demonstrating non-existent things. Non-existent denotations are named according to this genre specificity. In the composition of the novel, the depiction of contradictions in the life of society and an undesirable political system is significant for building the world. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to describe the lexical-thematic group "Names of socio-political organizations" in George Orwell's dystopian novel "1984" and to identify productive elements for creating the vocabulary of this group. The paper uses the descriptive method used in the onomasiological approach. As a result of the research, the units that make up the lexical-thematic group "Names of socio-political organizations" were selected, productive elements for creating the studied names were identified, and their lexical meaning was characterized. It can also be concluded that the text of a dystopia is the space in which the author's imagination is realized when creating a non-existent world. This world is not a copy of objective reality. At the same time, the naming of fragments of the new reality is based on the knowledge contained in the mind of the author.
Lakina S.V. - What do the most frequent anthroponyms say in the framework of the discipline "Classical Literature" pp. 295-311

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69706

EDN: BEZHMG

Abstract: The article is devoted to the most frequent anthroponymic lexemes that are used within the framework of the discipline "Classical Literature". The subject of the research was the upper part (the first ten in terms of frequency of anthroponyms) of the frequency dictionary, compiled on the basis of textbooks on the specified subject area. Anthroponyms are presented in the article both in a short and in their full version, that is, taking into account cognomen or prenomen. The research methodology consists in a combination of quantitative automated and manual analysis, and contextual analysis was also applied. The scientific novelty of the conducted research lies in the differentiation of thematic and non-thematic anthroponyms and in identifying the reasons for the usage of names in sections and chapters of the textbook that are not devoted to them. In the course of the research, it was found out that the fundamental factor that influences the quantitative indicators of the use of a particular lexeme is the thematic affiliation of a particular textbook. This approach makes it possible to distinguish the center (where the frequency thematic anthroponyms are located) and the periphery (where the infrequent non-thematic anthroponyms are located) of the onomastic space. In addition to this difference, common indicators for all textbooks were also identified. Most of the units (49 from 50) included in the top ten in frequency are used in the content of textbooks not only in the sections devoted to them, but also in others, which deal with other personalities. Such usage of the names of real historical figures suggests an increase in their importance within the framework of the discipline "Classical Literature". In addition, it was possible to identify and classify the reasons for such use of names.
Zyryanova E.V., Lyui V. - Associative field of the “New Year” concept in the Russian and Chinese languages pp. 298-305

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2019.6.31130

Abstract: The New Year is a significant sociocultural phenomenon, thus it is important to determine its conceptual cognitive characteristics reflecting national identity. The subject of this research is the associative field of the concept of “New Year” as a fragment of Russian and Chinese linguistic worldview. The goal consists in structuring the associative field of the concept of “New Year” in the Russian and Chinese languages, as well as description of associative responses reflecting the structural-semantic content of the concept. The results of associative experiment conducted among the students of Ulan-Ude universities (Russia) and Chinese students in the city of Xi’an (China) served as the material for this study. As a result, the author determines the main semantic groups of responses; interprets and systematizes the acquired data; composes associative field of the concept of “New Year” leaning in conceptual, figurative and value associations; presents systemic characteristics of associative field, its core, close and distant periphery; defines most typical responses comprising the core of the concepts, as well as the unique associative responses demonstrating individual perception of the recipients. The article reveals similarities occurring in the mind of Russian and Chinese recipients in perception of an incentivizing word, as well as substantial differences justified by the national, cultural, regional and timely peculiarities of celebrating the New Year. Special attention is paid to linguoculturological interpretation of the concept of “New Year” as a fragment of linguistic worldview in the Russian and Chinese languages.  
Bryukhova E.I. - Peculiarities of the 'Lie' Category Functions in the Language Culture of the Japanese People pp. 322-329

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2018.4.27653

Abstract: In the culture of communication of any nation, the phenomenon of lies is one of the central places. The subject of the research of this article is the functioning of the “lie” category, an important aspect of Japanese language culture from the point of view of understanding the characteristics of the culture and mentality of the Japanese. The analysis of ideas about lies is extremely interesting, since we need to take into account the specifics of the attitude to it in Japanese culture in practical activities in order to achieve better mutual understanding in contacts with Japanese. The main method used in the article is a method of theoretical analysis of Japanese scientific literature devoted to the category of “lies” and a method of generalization. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that an attempt was made in domestic practice to understand the question of Japanese perception of a lie; the article is a small but necessary part to research the topic of lies and deception in Japanese culture. The main conclusion of the article is the position that the carriers of Japanese culture perceive lies as a necessary tool for maintaining harmonious, smoothed relations in society. The Japanese, who are extremely sensitive about interpersonal communication, constantly pay attention to the nature of the behavior, the nuances of the words spoken, and the lie in this sense performs important functions: as a regulator of language behavior, it makes communication smooth, conflict-free, through it polite, tactful, “caring” speech interaction with the Other.  
Efremova N. - The Role of Stylistic Devices in Smetanin's Literary Journalism pp. 330-339

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2018.4.27761

Abstract: The subject of the research is the stylistic figures of speech used in Yakut artistic prose. The object of the study is the syntactic constructions that form the artistic and stylistic originality of Yakut artistic journalism. The goal of the research is the linguistic proof that the stylistic techniques used in the works, anaphora, anaepiphora, antimetabol, antipophore, antithesis, apostrophe, hemination, hypophora, homeology, impersonation, enumeration, pickup, interruptedly continued utterance, rhetorical exclamation, rhetorical, rhetorical exclamation, enumeration, enumeration, interception syncrisis, syntactic parallelism, comparison, enargy serve as expressive means that form this style in ideological and artistic terms as well as convey emotions and feelings of the writer. The method of descriptive analysis reveals the role of stylistic figures (receptions) in Yakut artistic journalism. The research covered texts for the essays and short stories of the classic Yakut literature, the front-line writer T. Smetanin, written on the military-patriotic theme during the Great Patriotic War. A special contribution of the author to the research of the topic is the identification and systematization of stylistic figures of speech used in Yakut artistic prose based on the analysis of essay works of the Yakut classic, the front-line writer T. Smetanin. The writer's language and style have not been studied enough: there are no works that highlight the genre and stylistic features of his creative heritage. The stylistic techniques in the artistic journalism of T. Smetanin played a special role in creating the artistic image of the Great Patriotic War, thereby evoking the reader with deep feelings of patriotism.
Abdul'manova A., Maksimova M.A. - Word-Formation Models of Nouns in the Field of English Customs Vocabulary pp. 340-347

DOI:
10.25136/2409-8698.2018.4.28246

Abstract: The subject of this research is the word-formation models of nouns in English-language customs vocabulary. Insufficient knowledge of this layer of vocabulary as well as the emergence of a variety of words not yet recorded in special dictionaries and glossaries but having a pronounced professional affiliation creates the need to consider development trends and to carry out a detailed study of types of word formation and activity problems of word-building models of customs vocabulary. This determines the rationale of the research. The aim of the work is to determine the main derivational models of the formation of English-language customs terminology. The research methodology is based on systematization, description and classification of language material; word-building and contextual analysis of the models of derived words and the establishment of quantitative parameters that reveal and confirm language patterns that regularly appear in customs vocabulary. The scientific novelty of the work is caused by the fact that it studies nouns and their word-formation models based on the analysis of English-language customs vocabulary which is considered as a microsystem of interconnected and interdependent elements, uniting a number of industries (transport, economic, etc.). An attempt is made in the work to provide a comprehensive lexical description of the formal characteristics of customs vocabulary.
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