DOI: 10.7256/2454-0706.2022.10.39094

Abstract: The article is devoted to the issue of the election and appointment of the head of the municipality, which occupies a central place in the institute of municipal people's representation, representing the municipality in the domestic and international arenas, the interests of residents of the territories. The subject of the study: the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Federal Law of 06.10.2003 No. 131-FZ "On the general principles of the organization of local self-government in the Russian Federation", the provisions of Draft Law No. 40361-8, scientific doctrine on the issue under study. The purpose of the study is to analyze the ways of electing the heads of municipalities "by competition" and "on the proposal of the governor". The methodological basis of the study: general scientific and private scientific methods, a special place in the study is given to the methods of content analysis and right-theoretic modeling. It is established that the "competitive model" (introduced by the legislator in 2014 for the election of heads of municipalities) deprived the local community of the opportunity to directly choose their mayors - through indirect democracy (through deputies of representative bodies). Special attention is paid to the analysis of the draft law of the new Federal Law "On the general principles of the organization of local self-government in the system of unified public authority", which proposes to replace the "competitive" model with the "governor's" one. The advantages and disadvantages of both methods of electing heads of municipalities are revealed. The novelty of the work is due to the fact that the author's approaches to the interpretation of "competitive and "gubernatorial" methods of electing heads of municipalities have been introduced into scientific circulation. Proposals are formulated to improve legislation in terms of the proposal of the author's design of a "competitive model" for the election of heads of municipalities, taking into account the opinion of the population of the relevant territory. It is concluded that the strengthening of control over local authorities by the state authorities of the regions, which began in 2014, in the event of the adoption of the analyzed Bill, will finally put local self-government in a position dependent on the region and marks a return to local government.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2022.6.39456

Abstract: The article is devoted to the issue of professional deformation of employees of internal affairs bodies and prevention of its occurrence and development. The subject of the study are regulations, scientific publications and conditions for the organization of work on the prevention of professional deformation of employees in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the research is an interdisciplinary approach that allows accumulating the achievements of scientists from different fields – pedagogy, psychology, management and law. During the research, analysis, synthesis, comparison, observation, study of experience, special legal methods of cognition were used. The reasons for the appearance of professional deformation of employees of internal affairs bodies are considered. Special attention is paid to the stages of formation of professional deformation of employees of internal affairs bodies. In order to reduce the risk of exposure to the development of occupational deformation, the authors state the need for timely prevention of occupational deformation and offer its possible options. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the complex of preventive measures proposed by the authors that contribute to the prevention of professional deformation of employees of internal affairs bodies. The authors come to the conclusion that for the successful implementation of preventive measures to prevent the development of professional deformation, it is necessary to expand the staff of the psychological service, develop the institute of mentoring, develop and adopt programs for the prevention of professional deformation of employees in specific departments of internal affairs bodies, taking into account the specifics of their activities, improve pedagogical and other conditions for the prevention of professional deformation of employees of internal affairs bodies. The results of the study will be useful to specialists of personnel and psychological services, the management staff of the internal affairs bodies, as well as specialists in educational work of higher educational institutions that train future employees of the internal affairs bodies of Russia.