Abstract: The subject of this article refers to the phenomenon of culture shock based on data obtained from a survey of Chinese students studying at the Faculty of Foreign Languages and Area Studies of Lomonosov Moscow State University. The signs of culture shock as a social phenomenon and mental state are listed. The reasons leading to culture shock and its consequences are considered. In addition, the history of studying this issue by Russian and foreign scientists is widely presented. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the use of qualitative and quantitative methods for collecting and analyzing the information obtained, as well as the development of approaches to prevent such a situation. The study shows that signs of culture shock are inherent in all Chinese students in Russia to varying degrees. However, through analysis of detailed data, it is discovered that individual differences in intercultural adaptation are more significant. Culture shock is not directly related to gender, but has a certain connection with specialties and courses. Meanwhile, this phenomenon has a greater degree of connection with character and the ability to intercultural communication (the ability to solve problems when faced with them). In addition, measures are proposed aimed at preventing this condition, as well as overcoming the communication barrier, improving intercultural communication and developing international education.