DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.39973

Abstract: From the very beginning of the pandemic period on the incidence of Covid-2019, numerous sources have recorded an increase in the number of suicides among adolescents, this number has not fallen to this day. The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at investigating the correlation structure of social and personal identity in adolescents with a history of suicidal attempts and adolescents without suicidal attempts. At the time of the study, all adolescents who attempted suicide were undergoing treatment at the Republican Clinical Psychotherapy Center and the Republican Clinical Psychiatric Hospital of the Republic of Belarus (42 people). A group of adolescents without suicidal intentions consisted of 84 students of the MAOU "Physics and Mathematics Lyceum No. 93" of Ufa, RB. The study describes differences in the correlation structures of social and personal identity in two selected groups of adolescents. According to the results of the correlation analysis, both in the group of adolescents without suicidal intentions and in the group of adolescents with suicidal behavior, correlations were found between the indicators of social identity: "pastime", "collective self-esteem", "cohesion", "intergroup competition" and "top-down comparison". In the group of adolescents with a history of suicide, no links were found between any indicators of social identity and personal identity, while in the second group there is a link between indicators of social and personal identity.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2023.6.39455

Abstract: The article presents the results of the study which identifies the concatenation between loneliness and the degree of suicidal risk among teenagers and the elderly. Subject being examined: loneliness and suicidal risk from the point of view of their concatenation among teenagers and the elderly. The methods which were used are the Differential Questionnaire showing the Experience of Loneliness (E. N. Osin, D. A. Leontiev), the method of diagnosing the level of subjective feeling of loneliness (D. Russell, M. Ferguson), the method «Map of the risk of suicides» (modified by L. B. Schneider), the SAD PERSONS Scale (Patterson et al.), Hopelessness Inventory (A. Beck), mathematical and statistical analysis. The study is novel in that it is for the first time when the system of concatenation between the experience of loneliness and suicidal tendencies among teenagers and the elderly was developed. As part of the study, there was established the concatenation between the experience of loneliness and the level of suicidal risk in both groups among those being examined. The research shows that the subjective understanding of the level of one's real loneliness as high, the negative attitude towards one's loneliness and the dependence on communication are associated with a high level of suicidal risk, while the positive attitude towards loneliness and a low degree of experiencing real loneliness are associated with a low level of suicidal risk. The results obtained prove that there is a way to overcome the negative aspects of loneliness and reduce the number of suicides, which is connected with a change of one's attitude towards loneliness, the ability to self-control, the ability to find and use the internal and external resources of the individual. The conclusions reached will be useful for both psychologists and professionals working with teenagers and elderly citizens.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2023.5.44091

Abstract: There is a steady increase in oncological diseases all over the world. Malignant tumors are one of the most frequent causes of death in the population of developed countries. The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at studying the features of post-traumatic stress disorder, resilience and attitude to the disease in patients with oncological and cardiovascular diseases. The study sample consisted of 80 people aged 40 to 73 years. The average age is 58 years. The sample included 40 patients with cancer and 40 patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system. The study involved able-bodied men and women who are fluent in Russian, without cognitive disorders. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups. Patients with cancer are more likely to relive what happened when reminded of a traumatic event, the orientation of the personality is characterized by avoiding everything that reminds of a traumatic experience, post-traumatic stress disorder is expressed. The feeling of self-safety is more typical for patients with cardiovascular diseases than for cancer patients. The latter are more characterized by oppressive uncertainty. If we talk about the types of response to the disease, then among cancer patients there is more often post-sleep anxiety, they think about complications; there is excessive concentration on subjective painful and other unpleasant sensations; behavior like "irritable weakness"; dejection, therefore disbelief in the possibility of recovery and improvement of the condition, as well as in general on the effectiveness of treatment, pessimistic a look at everything around; vulnerability. Exposing experiences and sufferings to relatives and others prevails in cancer patients in comparison with patients of the cardiovascular group.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.6.21484

Abstract: This article is devoted to personality patterns of psychologists. The article contains a definition of the socio-personal interest of a psychologist which involves not just expressions of interest in the experiences of clients, their wishes and needs, and providing them with effective assistance as actors of socially and personally meaningful activities. Social and personal interest of the psychologist is defined as the integral quality of a psychologist's personality reflected in the cognitive orientation of the personality of other people and active-active attitude towards them, consisting in the creation of the psychological conditions for their development and self-realization in their activities. As a methodological base was made by the subject-activity approach in psychology (B. G. Ananiev, L. S. Vygotsky, S. L. Rubinstein, A. N. Leontiev, etc.). Conducted correlation and factor analysis identified four components of social and personal interest to students of psychology: emotional regulatory, cognitive, motivational-valuable, communicative-behavioral, which served as the basis for the purposeful formation of social and personal interest to students of psychologists at the stage of University studies and diagnostics of their dynamics.