DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2022.2.37392

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the verbs used in the work "One Thousand and One Nights". The object of the study is the Tatar translation of the famous collection of fairy tales published in the printing house of Kazan University in 1897-1899. The author of the Tatar version of the work "One Thousand and One Nights" is the famous educator, translator and writer Fatih Khalidi. This work was widely popular among the Tatar people and had a significant impact on the formation of morphological norms of the modern Tatar literary language. The development of the plot, the dynamics of actions in them are built on verbal lexemes denoting eventfulness. They also contain emotionally expressive, interrogative-exclamation constructions, in which a significant place is also given to verb forms. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the features of the use of verbs in the work "One Thousand and One Nights" have not been sufficiently studied in Tatar linguistics. The factual material for the analysis was selected by the continuous sampling method. The analysis was carried out using descriptive, comparative-historical methods. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the activity of using verbs is associated with the narrative nature of the work. A feature of the collection of fairy tales is also the predominance of verbs in the form of the main voice, other voices are presented more passively. In the work "One Thousand and One Nights", the mode of action of verbs is presented in an analytical way, in which auxiliary verbs actively participate. They actively functioned in the language of the period under study, and most of them are widely used in the modern Tatar language.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2022.1.37320

Abstract: The goal of this research lies in the analysis of past participles used in the texts of kyssa genre. The object of this research is kyssa Tatar texts published in the late XIX – early XX centuries. These works emerged under the influence of Oriental literature. The translations of the following works especially popular: the collection of fairy tales “One Thousand and One Nights” by F. Khalidi, the books “Tutinama” and “Kalila and Dimna” by G. Faezkhanov, the books “The History of the Forty Vezirs” and “Abugalisina” by K. Nasiry. They had a significant impact upon the formation of morphological norms of the modern Tatar literary language. The novelty of this article is defined by the fact that the morphological peculiarities of the works belonging to this genre have not previously become the object of separate research in the Tatar linguistics. The conclusion is made that the language of kyssa texts is heterogeneous, incorporating the elements of the traditional written literary language and the folk colloquial language. This is testified by the grammatical forms of past participle. The analysis demonstrates that the most common and multifunctional forms are -γan /-gän, -qan/-kän characteristic to the Kipchak subgroup of Turkic languages. This form is mostly used in colloquial language. Past participles with the affixes -dyq /-dek, -myš/-meš, -muš/-müš characteristic to the Oghuz group of Turkic languages are the indicators of the written literary language. With the establishment of the modern Tatar literary language, they became obsolete.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2022.1.37357

Abstract: The goal of this research lies in analysis of the numeral adjectives used in works of kyssa genre. The object of this article is the kyssa texts published in the late XIX – early XX centuries in the Tatar language. These texts emerged under the influence of Oriental literature, gained popularity among the Tatar people, and greatly contributed to formation of the norms of modern Tatar literary language. The quantitative numeral adjectives are used in kyssa genre for expressing temporal relations, uncertainty, number of objects, and age. Identical to modern Tatar language, divisional numeral adjectives are formed by the affixes -ar, -är and -äm. Approximate numeral adjectives are represented by paired words. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that morphological peculiarities of the texts of kyssa genre have not previously been the subject of special research in the Tatar linguistics. The acquired results indicate that the texts of kyssa genre contain a relatively large number of numeral adjectives, namely quantitative numeral adjectives in both nominative and cult meanings. Other categories of numeral adjectives are rather passive in the texts of this genre; their grammatical forms and meanings can be traced in modern Tatar literary language.