DOI: 10.25136/1339-3057.2021.2.35059

Abstract: This article examines the publications of the Russian scholars on sociological aspects of social time, which are poorly studied in the Russian and foreign literature. The author believes that they are the pioneers in the field of the sociology of time. Analysis is conducted in such concepts as past, present, and future time; their content and correlation; time as the transformation process; use of time and control over time»; time of an individual and time of the social system; biological time as a step towards social time. The beginning of the XX century indicated the organic correlation of the development of natural science and general science and social practice, activity. Most vividly such correlation manifested in the area of the perception of time, relation the time of publications presented in the article, which are ideologically connected with the social practice of the studies on time, and the origins of the theory of social time.  It is noted that the first sociological study on the budgets of time was conducted in Petrograd in the 1821 – 1922 by P. Sorokin. The authors tried to remain within the field of sociology, understanding sociology as a science about functionality and transformation of social systems, presented by the “submerged” into cultural-institutional environment subsystems of the subjects, their activity and relationships. The article focuses attention on the statements of scholars, which had conceptual significance for the science, as well as for solution of the real time-budget problems.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2017.6.20662

Abstract: This article examines such elements of the everyday life as values, value and functional characteristics of usual activity, relationship with other people within a single community. Functional and value characteristics represents a very important side of everyday routine, being an essential and necessary addition to its continuance reflected in the budget of time. This side of everyday life is almost not touched upon in the studies of the budget of time or value orientations. The goal of this longitudinal research of everyday life (1986-2012) also did not include the analysis of this side at the first stage. But as the research continues, especially under the various socioeconomic conditions, when took place drastic changes in the status of different social groups, it appeared to be essential to refer to the value side of the everyday routine. The article attempts to provide the information about values and functions of mundane activity, acquired in the recent (2011-2012) bi-seasonal examination of living conditions, routine activity, and use of time among the rural population. The dynamic approach towards the analysis of assessments and opinions of rural dwellers pertaining to various sided of everyday life is applied. Accent is made to the changes relative to each other in evaluation of the importance and value of main types of activity. The authors determine the trend of reduction in the value of labor and increase in the importance of keeping the social contacts and relations. It is underlined that there is enhancement of orientation towards family and its material wellbeing, which manifests a core trend towards preserving the role of family in the Russian society.