DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2021.7.34881

Abstract: The subject of this research is the phenomenon of loneliness among senior citizens. The goal lies in examination of the problems of loneliness among senior citizens. The article reviews such aspects as alienation from the society, feeling useless and helpless; gives the key characteristics of loneliness – assessment of social status, type of inferiority, type of temporal perspective, models of loneliness. The types of loneliness are divided into situational, chronic, recurrent, as well as emotional and social isolation. Research methodology employs the ideas of phenomenological, systemic, and activity approaches in the context of studying the problems of loneliness among senior citizens and effective ways of their solution. The survey revealed that senior citizens quite often feel lonely, which is reflected in the distorted interaction with other people, experiencing psychological problems, difficulties in self-organization, and the need for assistance of the social workers. The author empirically proves that the developed program “Young at Heart”, through creating hobby groups, helps senior citizens to feel needed in the society, improves their psychoemotional state, and allows overcoming loneliness. The article examines the theoretical approaches towards comprehension of the problem of loneliness among senior citizens. The author formulates the original definition of the concept of “loneliness” in the context of socio-psychological aspect, determines the causes of the phenomenon of loneliness among senior citizens within the framework of their interaction with society, develops a questionnaire aimed at studying the factors of socio-psychological loneliness of senior citizens, offers the ways for overcoming loneliness through active social life, such as  creation of the hobby group “Young at Heart”, which includes the three types of activity: leisure and creative-applied, health promotion,  and garden therapy. It is substantiated that maintenance of zest for living among senior citizens would be effective by creating a socially favorable, psychoemotional and health-preserving environment in the society.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2019.2.29487

Abstract: In the article, innovative forms of training bachelors of "Service" orientation (orientation - social and cultural service) in the context of the implementation of the Federal state educational standard of higher education through Museum Pedagogy are observed. The purpose of the study: development of conditions for the formation of museum-educational competences of bachelors using Museum Pedagogy. The subject of the study: innovative forms of training bachelors of "Service" orientation. Work of Arzamas Museum of History and Art as an educational center is observed. Pedagogical conditions of formation the museum-educational competences of students in the process of professional training are allocated. The brief content of the training course "Holidays and traditions of peoples of Russia" is given, the role of tour classes for students at the museum while studying the history of the Russian costume, the everyday life of ordinary people and the nobles, and holidays and ceremonies of the inhabitants of the Arzamas region is showed. The experience of interaction between various universities and museums in the context of training of bachelors of "Service" orientation is presented. Method of the research: observation, content analysis. The methodology of the study: system, competence, and cultural approaches in the context of training of bachelors of "Service" orientation. The novelty of the study is due to the conclusions that a modern museum is a pedagogical, psychological, and multicultural environment, which, in the process of education, gives students an opportunity to obtain knowledge, skills and practical experience; to form the competences, required for successful professional activity. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that methodological approaches to the educational activities of the museum can serve as a guide in the training of bachelors for the implementation of socio-cultural and educational activities, taking into account the museum component through the inclusion in the university programs of the course "Holidays and traditions of the peoples of Russia", which axiologically fills the student audience.