DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2019.12.31035

Abstract: The goal of this work is the analysis of interaction between the key forms of existence of social and legal norms. The subject of this research is the dynamics of development of the legal norms depending on the frames of sociocultural context, reflecting in public consciousness the priority of irrational (myth) and rational (logos) spatio-temporal perceptions. In such context, myth and logos are viewed as the fundamentally different methods of storage and transmission of the socially important information, which allow forming worldview frames of the rational and irrational mindsets. Methodology is based in the cultural-philosophical analysis for comparing the two main types of legal consciousness, law enforcement and lawmaking. In the course of juxtaposing the modern forms of “mythological” (customary law) and “rational” (positive law) levels of the existence of law, the author determines the peculiarities of their interaction using the example of the phenomenon of “archaization of law”; as well as demonstrates the boundaries of this phenomenon in the context of modern sociocultural transformations. The results of the conducted research became the conclusions important for specification of boundaries of the permissible interpretations in situation when the norms of customary law collide with the norms of positive law. In such case, the law enforcement practices face a dilemma: whether the reference to a custom in case of unlawful actions is a mitigating factor or aggravating factor. The scientific novelty consists in establishing worldview framework of “archaization of law”, and determining correlation of this question with the philosophical problem of the universal, peculiar and singular (and thus, with the concept of “international law”). The author substantiates the conclusion on the dual character of alignment of the values of positive law with the custom and tradition.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2019.9.31009

Abstract: The goal of this work is to establish the specificity of the “diffusion of values” in modern global world on the example of the phenomenon that received conventional name of “mythologization of law”. The subject of this research is the transformation process of value foundation of legal consciousness, substantiated on the one hand, by gradual increase of the role of custom in law enforcement practice, and on the other – by emergence of the model of “global law” that ensures humanity with a set of unified norms, which unlike the norms of international law, feature enforcement sustained by the power of the state. The research method became the philosophical comparativism, which allows analyzing heterogenic occurrences within the framework of the general frames of the myth (custom and/or mythologem of “global law”) and logos (positive law), basing on the positions of acknowledgement of cultural diversity and irreducibility to each other. The scientific novelty consists in clarification of the “paradoxes of law enforcement” in terms of “mythological” interpretations of the law of two types – custom law and universal norm of law; as well as in substantiation of interrelation between the legal “universalities” of global world and national legal systems. A hypothesis is verified, according to which the value “negatives” of law manifest depending on the historically specific sociocultural foundations, and on the institutional mechanism sustaining their action. A huge role continues to play the national state, with the developed system of mechanisms for ensuring functionality of its legal system comparing to other agents of law (network actors, international nongovernmental organizations, etc.). The drawn conclusions lie in clarification of the specificity of “mythologization of law” in modern society, which allows determining the boundaries of permissible interpretations of the “universal human values” and “custom norms” as aligned with the boundaries of the established national legal systems.