Abstract: The subject of this research is the institutionalization factors of the system of social service for persons with special needs. The analysis is based on the materials of sociological studies in the region of Eastern Kazakhstan. The author examines the key factors of institutionalization of the system of social service for persons with special needs in the Eastern Kazakhstan: legislative, demographic, healthcare, social, economic, etc.; as well as describes the peculiarities of the basic processes of social integration, daily activities, and development of the dependants’ potential. The analysis of sociological surveys along with the conducted field research defined the core factors of institutionalization of the system of social service of persons with special needs in the region of Eastern Kazakhstan. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of the social institutionalization of persons with special needs in the Eastern Kazakhstan region on the basis of integrative approach that allowed analyzing the factors of the institutionalization of social service of persons with special needs. The author defines the main approach incorporating all factors within the framework of the system.