DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2020.7.33462

Abstract: Rehabilitation of Marxist thought present in Althusser’s compilation of the articles titled by catching appeal “For Marx” is carried out in two directions: general – when theoretical line of understanding of the society and history is derived out of Marxism as political ideology; specific – when revealing the “ rational kernel” of Marxist philosophy of history or society, Althusser extracts dialectical contradiction rooted it his methodology of basis and superstructure. The subject of this research is the hermeneutic project of Althusser aimed at new interpretation of the Marxist philosophy of history, as well as elucidation of the “absence” of dialectical turn in Marx’s continuity of Hegel’s philosophy. The object of this article is the new methodology of social research oriented towards finding additional meanings of the principle of overdetermination, which allows Althusser to reconsider the Marxist method of basis and superstructure in a structuralistic way. The essence of its rehabilitation criticism (criticism of elimination of false understanding of Marxist philosophy) consists in the fact that the latter contributed to neglecting the superstructure and led the research to acknowledgement of its nature as a nonexistent phantom, illusion, behind which lies the only true reality resembled by the determinant of economic formations.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2019.6.30134

Abstract: Referring to the two key for Ricœur’s hermeneutics interpretation techniques – philosophical and historical. This article attempts to reconceive the problematic of isolation/proximity of philosophy and historical discipline, considering such methodological changes that determines the formation of historical knowledge in the second half of the XX century. The author assumes that the discernible trend within the modern historical discipline of constant methodological revision of communicative systems allows redefining the critical attitude of hermeneutics towards the unified consumer technologies of the “past”. Research methodology contains the general historical-philosophical analysis of various approaches of the historical disciplines to the concept of the philosophy of history, as well as application of interdisciplinary approach to determining the role of hermeneutics in social sciences. The author reveals the importance of hermeneutics in refocusing of historical discipline from the traditional course towards the communicative theory, which prefers a metaphorical form of the dialogue with the past, rather than its unidirectional research. Based on the criticism of historicist and eschatological approaches to history, the author demonstrates the formation of Ricœur’s ethical position in relation of the aforementioned question. In view of this, the author analyzes the concept of “good subjectivity”.