Abstract: The subject of the research is the statutory regulations that ensure the compliance with the technical requirements of vehicles, control and supervision over technical inspection of vehicles. The object of the research is the social relations arising in the process of federal supervision over legal entities, independent entrepreneurs, and road users complying with the requirements for tchnical operation of vehicles. The author of the article analyzes state control (supervision) over observance of road safety legal acts that set forth requirements for the design and technical condition of vehicles, vehicle trucks and supplements. The methodological basis of the research includes formal law, analytical and systems methods, analysis, synthesis, modelling, and comparison. The main conclusions of the research are the following: current road traffic rules that regulate the state control over observation of requirements for the operation of the vehicle are not complete yet, thus to avoid the penalty it is necessary to impose responsibility for drivers of all kinds of vehicles for non-passing the vehicle inspection. There is also the need to clarify the definition of 'state technical supervision of vehicles'. In this research the authors analyze definitions of 'state technical supervision' and 'technical supervision of vehicles'. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors suggest to apply the definition of state technical supervision of vehicles to vehicles owned by legal entities and independent entrepreneurs that perform passenger and freight service. Within the framework of this research, based on the in-depth analysis of associated legal provisions in the sphere of road traffic safety, the authors make recommendations on how to improve the administrative law in the aforesaid sphere.