DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2019.1.26884

Abstract: The article is devoted to the complex study of theoretical and practical problems of the mechanism of protecting constitutional rights and freedoms of minors when implementing the provisions of particular institutions in the field of criminal procedure in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. The article raises topical problems of implementation of social regulations applied to minors during pre-trial procedure. The aim of the article is to specify the problems of protecting rights and freedoms of minors in terms of reforming the Criminal Procedure Code of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan and particular ways to solve these problems. The authors analyze various sources connected with the observance of rights of minors in the Kyrgyz Republic; consider the correlation between the provisions of the criminal procedure law with other branches of law related to the rights of minors; discuss the main problem aspects hampering the implementation of particular procedural institutions in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. The authors use the complex approach to the protection of rights and interests of minors in terms of the ongoing reform of the Criminal Procedure Code in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan under the lens of constitutional provisions of these countries. The article demonstrates the authors’ position on the acceptability and legality of using unconventional forms of interrogation and describes the factors, which, in the authors’ opinion, affect the very mechanism of protection of rights and lawful interests of minors. Thus, the article raises the problems requiring urgent solution, taking into consideration the high vulnerability of this part of the society. The authors suppose that any suggestions, which can affect or complete the existing research base in this field, are worth noticing.  

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2018.3.26885

Abstract: The purpose of the article is to present a comprehensive description of violence at penitentiary institutions (hereinafter referred to as PI) in the Republic of Kazakhstan taking into account the current realities. The authors reflect the qualitative and quantitative parameters of violent crime at penitentiary institutions typical for Russia and Kazakhstan. The author identifies a complex of factors influencing the formation of antisocial views in places of detention, and modern trends affecting the strengthening of criminal manifestations by convicts serving sentences at penitentiary institutions. A comprehensive approach to the criminological and forensic description of violent crime in modern conditions, including organized criminal groups in Russia and Kazakhstan, has been carried out. The main focus of the article is on the organizational and managerial factor that is associated with the insufficient activity of the administration of the PI itself and the omissions that they make. The author's position on the main reasons for the increase in the aggressiveness of convicts and the high latency of the observed penitentiary crime in prisons is presented. The author of the article substantiates and argues the circumstances that require an integrated approach to the study of such a complex and multifaceted nature of violent crime in the penitentiary institution, which allows you to determine the most effective tactics to counter this socially dangerous phenomenon. The structural elements of the criminological and forensic characteristics that determine the specificity of the crimes committed by the special contingent of the PI are shown. Thus, the criminology and forensic characterization described in the article covers a fairly wide range of their elements. This makes it possible to study this element from complex positions facilitating the development of an investigation technique for this category of crimes.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2018.2.26772

Abstract: The article is devoted to the areas of concern that be faced in the process of commissioning and conduction of contemporary legal enquiries as part of discovering contract killing in the Kyrgyz Republic. The authors of the article describe the main trends and prospects for developing fprensic equipment used to investigate contract killing in the CIS states in general. They demonstrate priority areas for forensic provision of case types including development and modernization of this aspect. In addition, the authors also touch upon expertise in the Kyrgyz Republic and outline the main factors that may create obstacles in the investigation process including investigation of contract killings. Moreover, the authors describe four groups of factors (of both subjective and objective nature) that relate to the implementation of forensic methods and means which use decreases the efficiency of counteracting to the aforesaid crime in the Kyrgyz Republic. Based on the analysis of the problems disccused in this article, the authors give recommendations including those of legal nature, in relation to new regulations of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Kyrgyz Republic (2017). Recommendations given by the authors will allow to solve a whole number of issues faced by expert organisations and bodies of inquiry and preliminary investigation. 

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2018.1.23913

Abstract: The aim of this article is to define the most significant determinants that activate organised crime and spread of criminal business under modern socio-political environment of the Kyrgyz Republic. The subject of the research is particular crimes committed by organised crime groups in the Kyrgyz Republic taking into account new social and legal realities. For this purpose, the authors focus on specific features and conditions that are typical for Kyrgyzstan and aggravate such social phenomena as drug business, targeted killing, economic crimes, and kidnapping. The authors also describe the main trends that will continue to activate organised crime in the aforesaid spheres. The authors carry out an integral research of particularities of interaction between crime groups of Kyrgyzstan, their functions, causes and conditions, and means or methods chosen by these groups to achieve their goals depending on the situation in the republic such as political events that have been taking place since 2004. The authors describe the relationship between organised criem and state authorities officials that has led to the growth of targeted killing, kidnapping, economic and drug business crime. The results of the research are based on diversified analysis of factors that have triggered development of organised crime and expanded their activity over the last decade. Thus, the authors describe specific determimants that encourage the growth of crime in particular spheres of social relations in the country as well as the change in the structure of modern organised crime. These results can be of interest for scientists and practical experts when preparing and choosing crime preventive measures. Moreover, the results complete criminological and forensic researches and can be used to achieve certain targets and goals of research.