DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2019.6.31367

Abstract: This article examines the impact of Herman Conring (1606-1681) on Jean Mabillon (1632-1707). The “Diplomatics” of Jean Mabillon laid the foundations for an entire number of auxiliary disciplines of history (diplomatics, paleography, sigillography, codicology, etc.). The significance of “Diplomatics” for the history of linguistic consists in its outlook upon the writing system and language as a whole as a variable system. Herman Conring  in his work dedicated to letter from Lindau, was one of the first to formulate the principle of historicism for studying medieval artefacts. Along with Conring, Mabillon considered the letter from Lindau a forgery (although he identified in this compilation of factitious and authentic fragments the genuine features, and once voiced the opposite). There are several moments in “Diplomatics”, on which Mabillon enters into polemics with Conring. The similarity in the approaches is traced in gradual application of the principle pf historicism. In the chapter on orthography, can be seen the influence of Conring, although in this fragment Mabillon does not refer to him. The article juxtaposes the views of Corning and Mabillon on the methods of studying the artefacts. The author briefly reviews the contexts of creating the works of the two polymaths. A consistent correlation between the theoretical constructs of Corning and Mabillon has not been previously conducted within the Russian, and even world science. Such research allows understanding the evolution of knowledge on language, as well as how the science on written artefacts obtained the method that in many ways predetermined the development of philology in the following centuries.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2018.2.26115

Abstract: The subject of the research is the views on the language and spelling presented by French scientists of the 16th - 17th centuries, in particular, Geoffroy Tory (1480-1533), Jacques Dubois (1478—1555), Pierre Ramée (1515-1572), Luis Maigret (1510-1558),  Antoine Arnauld  (1612-1694) and Claude Lancelot (1615-1695) who published The Port-Royal Grammar, and Bernard Lamy (1640-1715). The object of the research is the works of these authors written in the French language. In her research Schekochikhina focuses on the relationship between the philosophy of those times and linguistic concepts of these researchers. She analyzes works of French researchers of the 16th - 17th centures on the language and spelling and describes linguistic concepts of these researchers and how their views on the language have been changing in the 16th - 17th centuries. The concept of the language that was quite common for rational grammers of the 17th century appeared as a result of debates on the French spelling of the precedent century. By the 16th century the French spelling had a lot of contradictions between a graphic image of a word and a new way to pronounce a word. However, the researchers had to solve a number of theoretical issues before creating general principles of writing. The practical aim to improve the spelling made the researchers raise a question about ideal graphic images of words and spelling, and solve a number of theoretical issues (for example, the question about the relationship between the speech sound and grapheme. While the 16th century saw discussions about spelling rules of the French language, the 17th century gave a start to creation of principles of the graphic (written) language in general.