DOI: 10.25136/2409-8744.2019.6.28171

Abstract: This article examines the views upon the designation of women and their social status, as well as how it reflected in the content of moral-didactical treatises of the Renaissance Era. The following works serve as historical sources for this study: Giuseppe Passi “On the Defects of Women” (1599), Lucrezia Marinella “Nobility and Excellence of Women and the Defects and Vices of Men” (1600), Moderata Fonte “On the Merit of Women” (1591), as well as other authors who comprised compendiums on the proper household management and parenting. The method of scientific research consists in determination of fundamental theses characterizing the common regard of women, which is clarified in comparison with other historical sources. The novelty consists in the fact that for the first time the content of the moral-didactical and domestic treatises that helps revealing the realities of routine life of a woman in the Renaissance era is used as a historical source. Since many of the compositions were authored by women, it allows understanding their own perspective on their social status.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8744.2019.6.28860

Abstract: The subject of this article is the painting “Penitent Magdalene” by Titian (middle 1530’s, Florence, Palatine Gallery). The key research goal lies in demonstration of the origins of artist’s message and determine the its potential literary prototype. Raising the question in such form is substantiated by the explicit erotic intonations expressed in the painting, which do not quite align with the religious content of Titian’s work, unless it implies the contrast juxtaposition of the erotica and piousness of the conscious stylistic device. Thus, the author attempts to find a possible literary prototype that would contain similar contrast. The research method consists in the search of conceptual parallels between the content of Titian’s “Penitent Magdalene” and Pietro Aretino’s “The Humanity of Christ” (1535). The main result lies in determination of the essence of artistic method of Titian in painting the “Penitent Magdalene”, which consists in the stylistics device of contraposition borrowed from P. Aretion. Its application, reflected in contrast juxtaposition of the successful harlot to her own image as a repenting sinner, allowed justifying the presence of erotic motives in the painting as an expressive antithesis to her soul’s aspiration towards God.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8744.2019.3.26567

Abstract: The subject of this research is a group of artworks of the Venetian Renaissance, united by depiction of the same creative theme – the image of Saint Jerome, Christian writer and priest, among the rural nature. Its composition in the local school is associated with the spread within Venetian society of the humanistic ideal of contemplative recreation, embodies in the image of the Saint, at times, identified with the persona of Renaissance humanist. Special attention is given to the works of the leading artists of the local school of painters – Giovanni Bellini, Lorenzo Lotto, Titian, which reflect the evolution of such image, since the influence of the principles of humanism, and later affected by ideological orientations of Counterreformation. The research method consists in examination of the various iconographic types of image of the Saint, giving special attention to the analysis of artistic construct of the demonstrated scene and principles of compositional organization surrounding the landscape, as well as the combination of landscape and human figure in format of a painting. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that the author is first to trace the historical evolution of depiction of Saint Jerome in the Venetian art, as well as demonstration of appearance of the new iconographic scheme, which represented the Christian theologian contemplating among the nature, similar to a classical philosopher. Its realization was limited by the first two decades of the XVI century, after which the painters came back to depiction of Saint Jerome corresponding with the requirements of the religious dogmatics.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2018.8.26526

Abstract: The subject of this research is the group of picturesque oeuvres of Venetian Renaissance depicting young women, which can be attributed as the portraits of “beauties” popular in art of the XVI century. Such works signify the complicated semantics of its creative content, first and foremost, associated with the philosophical concept of the ideal beauty accepted in spiritual culture of the Renaissance. Their consideration in the context of Renaissance philosophy allows providing a fuller description of the metaphoric world of the paintings, as well as more precisely determining the context of the categories applied to the concept of female beauty in representations of the Renaissance era. The research method consists in search for the conceptual parallels between portraits of the “beauties” and positions of the philosophical teaching on beauty presented in treatise of Agnolo Firenzuola “On the Beauty of Women”. The found analogies allow spotting in portraits of the “beauties” a variety of “visual treatise” about the ideal essence of beauty. They were assigned with a role of so-called aesthetic mediators in the process of its perception, because the basic meaning of such oeuvres in spiritual parlance of the Renaissance lied in transformation of the desire to be beautiful towards strive for comprehending its true sublime nature and its admiration.  

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0609.2018.3.24948

Abstract: The subject of this article is an in-depth examination of the views on nature and rural life prevalent in Venice during the Renaissance era, which was considered moral and worthy of a noble person. The main sources for this work are the agricultural treatises of Agostino Gallo "Ten Days of Real Agriculture and Pleasures of the Villa" (Brescia, 1564) and Giuseppe Falcone "A New, Charming and Pleasant Villa" (Brescia, 1559). The examination of these texts enriches with new information our knowledge regarding the cultural life of the educated Venetians of the 16th century and their daily living habits. The author's research method is based on the extraction of information from agricultural treatises relevant to our study, whose content was closely tied to reality and which inform us of the nature of an important historical source that allows us to reconstruct in general outlines the typical setup of provincial life characteristic of the studied epoch. The research novelty of this study consists in it analyzing the text of agricultural treatises in terms of what advantages were associated with the way of life on an estate, and what values of a moral order were associated with it. Turning to these sources illustrates how they also contain valuable information about the due organization of the living setup in a country villa, reflecting the real practice of living arrangements.