Abstract: The subject of this research is the political views of the XX century British scholar A. J. P. Taylor, who made a significant contribution into the development of historical science during the period of 1930-1960, as well as provoked an extensive discussion in professional historical science and public circles with regard to the problem of origins of the World War II. Throughout his life, Taylor was an active member of the British Labor Party and supported the ideas of socialism, which significantly affected his professional and social activity. The author examines such aspects as the process of formation of political views of the scholar, as well as the reflection of socialistic views in his works. The foundation for this article became the typology of biographies proposed by Donald Walker that includes the biography of personality, professional biography, and biography of the environment. The personality and professional activity of A. J. P. Taylor is little-studied in the Russian historiography, while his contribution into the development of historical science of the XX is quite significant. During the course of this research, the author underlines that the political views played a key role in Taylor’s professional growth as a historian and public figure, as well as determined the problematics of a whole number of his historical works.