DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2022.3.37037

Abstract: In the article, abortion is presented as one of the indicators of the demographic transition, characterized by a low birth rate and mortality, a change in marital and family behavior, and the transformation of the composition of the population of modern Russian society. The practice of abortion is in the center of our attention and is considered in interaction with other social phenomena.The purpose of the study is to determine the factors influencing the practice of abortion in the current demographic situation. As the methodology of this research, the authors of the article use the analysis of the scientific literature of domestic scientists, the results of their own sociological research and the results of sociological research of VTSIOM.The authors identify socio-cultural, institutional, psychological factors that influence the practice of abortion. At the individual level, a woman's attitude to "unexpected pregnancy" plays an important role, the availability of opportunities for termination of pregnancy (formal and informal rules and regulations, legislative acts, public approval or condemnation), the perception of abortion as a social problem, forms of behavior of individuals participating in the practice of artificial termination of pregnancy. The novelty of the study is presented as an analysis of the factors that influenced the practice of abortion and the results of the author's sociological research. The analysis of scientific literature has shown that the traditions that have developed in a particular society, the level of development of the health and education system, as well as the specific situation in which a woman who decides to have an abortion finds herself are of great importance. The results of sociological research, official statistics show that formal and informal norms and rules, the development of pharmacology, the emergence of new methods of contraception, changes in basic institutions have an impact on the practice of abortion in the context of demographic transition.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2021.10.36094

Abstract: This article analyzes the scientific literature dedicated to migration of youth from the rural areas to cities. In the conditions of high growth dynamics of modern society, there are multiple issues to be discussed, which defines the relevance of this research. The sociological analysis of migration process from rural areas to cities requires implementing the strategy of integralism and outlining the theoretical approaches and concepts associated with the migration of rural youth in modern Vietnam. Analysis is conducted on the modern scientific literature, with emphasis on the economic, social, and political factors that affect the migration of modern Vietnamese youth from rural areas to cities. The novelty lies in determination of the key vectors in studying the migration process of rural youth to urban areas in modern Vietnam.  The conclusion is made that the  researchers of youth migration focus on the large-scale migration outflow of young people from rural areas to cities, factors of youth migration, nuances of rural community, level of income of rural population, quality of housing, job market and employment in rural areas. Vietnamese researchers of youth migration dedicate special attention to the educational strategies of youth, difficulties and advantages faced due to migration from rural areas to cities in modern Vietnamese society. However, the existing theories and concepts do not provide a holistic representation on the phenomenon in question; thus, it is proposed to use an integral approach.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2019.3.29335

Abstract: This article examines the institutional aspects of establishment of accessible environment for persons with physical conditions and disabilities in the Volgograd Region. The authors determine the subjects of regional barrier-free environment for persons with health limitations and disabilities, specify formal and informal practices created in the process of formation of accessible space in the region. State facilities, government authorities, social-oriented nonprofit organizations, and mass media are attributed to the subjects of institutionalization of accessible environment. Attention is focused on the institutional standards and rules of organization of accessible environment for persons with physical conditions and disabilities. The article applies the method of remote analysis of the websites of executive branch of Volgograd Region and socially-oriented nonprofit organizations for determining the regional specificity of formation of the barrier-free environment for persons with physical conditions and disabilities. The conclusion is made that in Volgograd Region is created a comprehensive mechanism for establishment of accessible environment for persons with physical conditions and disabilities, which includes partnership approach of state institutions, social organizations, and mass media. It is also underlined that nonprofit organization become an active subject in the process of formation of barrier-free environment in the region.