Abstract: The subject of this research is the problem of essential personal existence of a human in the philosophical-religious heritage of Paul Tillich. Anthropology in the works of P. Tillich is inseparably related to the general ontological problematic. The thinker leans in the fact that the mechanically objectified scientific consideration of human is false, because it leave out of account the holistic aspect and freedom of the individual. Arguing against the transformation of personality into a thing that can be controlled and calculated by the technical sciences, against the “natural” and “biological” understanding of human, P. Tillich deals with the “existential human”, who is involved in any situation as a coherent personality, existing in multiplicity of interaction of its dialectical levels. P. Tillich doctrine on personality is viewed from the perspective of origin and development of the creative approaches of the thinker in terms of their eristic orientation with regards to other models and problematic of filiation of the ideas. The scientific novelty is substantiated by the fact that despite the permanent keen interest to the works of P. Tillich, his personalistic problematic did not find extended coverage in the Russian historical-philosophical literature, but rather manifested as one of the components without accentuating the problem of personality as such. This article sets the goal to fulfill such gap.