DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.8.21915

Abstract: The subject of this study is the legal education of the Third Reich: its content, aims and objectives, as well as specific features as an addition to Nazi propaganda machine. The research is based on the detailed examination of the sources of German educational law of the period of German State (1933-1945) that have not been previously translated or published in the Russian science, and include educational standards, decrees of the Ministry of Education along with other departments, as well as scientific material of the German authors on Nazi doctrine, which contain commentaries to the situation established within the system of training of the lawyers throughout the period of dominance of the National Socialism. Russian scientific literature reviews the questions of legal education of the Third Reich era only in conjunction with the education in general or the system of justice. Thus, the authors attempted to eliminate the existing gap and saturate into the “Nazi stage” within the history of German legal education. The law «On the Transfer of the Administration of Justice to the Reich» of February 16, 1934 unified the legal education throughout the entire German land in the context of implementing the National Socialist principle of autocracy «the Fuhrer». Its goal consisted in upbringing of the young “law enforcement officers” as the fanatic adherers of the new regime, which is alien to the human values and preaches the racia superiority of the German nation. Such objective was reflected in the developed by Nazi ideologists new educational standards for training the lawyers in 1934 and 1939, in which nothing reminded of the old-pattern lawyer. Only after the fall of Fascism, the German system of legal education was able to return to the principles established in the era of liberalism and remained relevant to this day.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2017.5.20290

Abstract: This article examines the question of preparation of specialists for juridical services in Prussia in the late XIX – early XX centuries. Based on the comprehension of texts of the separate legal sources, including those published using the Gothic script, the authors are firsts in the Russian literature to introduce into the scientific circulation the results of fundamental studies of the German legal scholars directly concerning the historical legal development and reorganization of the system of juridical education in Germany. The scientific novelty of this work consists in determination of the substantial impact of Prussian tradition of preparation of legal personnel upon the formation of the German nationwide system of juridical education, the modern structure of which is characterized as “dual-phase”, consisting of the “university education” and “legal Referendariat” (i.e. preliminary service). Such conclusion will be valuable or the Russian specialists in the field of educational law, who pay due attention to the modern comparative studies, as well as others interested in trends and issues of modernization of the Russian and foreign juridical education.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0706.2016.12.16987

Abstract: The subject of this research is the process of establishment and development of legal education in Germany coupled with the cultural-historical and political-legal factors; impact of the Prussian tradition of legal personnel training upon formation of the all-German system of legal education; peculiarities of the extramural practical education of lawyers in legal clerkship (Referendariat); final exam on eligibility for judges seat; ways of insertion of the Western system of legal education and German jurisprudence into Russia; as well as structure of the existing German traditional legal education. The results of this work consist in the following: determination of the main prerequisites of emergence and historical reorganization of the system of German legal education; demonstration of the dependence of professional training of legal personnel upon the changing demands of German state and society; revelation of the historical roots of the German law school; examination of specificities of evolution of the forms and methods of lawyers in organizational-legal and informative aspects; introduction of the original works in the area of German legal education in historical retrospective into the Russian scientific discourse. The author highlights the positive experience of the German system of traditional training of legal personnel under the conditions of the so-called “Bologna Process”. The main conclusion lies in the thesis that namely Prussian system of preparation of highly qualified legal personnel comprises the foundation of the modern German legal education, which Germany is unwilling to abandon even in the conditions of «Bolonization» and integration of the European higher school.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0706.2016.12.42875

Abstract: The subject of this research is the process of establishment and development of legal education in Germany coupled with the cultural-historical and political-legal factors; impact of the Prussian tradition of legal personnel training upon formation of the all-German system of legal education; peculiarities of the extramural practical education of lawyers in legal clerkship (Referendariat); final exam on eligibility for judges seat; ways of insertion of the Western system of legal education and German jurisprudence into Russia; as well as structure of the existing German traditional legal education. The results of this work consist in the following: determination of the main prerequisites of emergence and historical reorganization of the system of German legal education; demonstration of the dependence of professional training of legal personnel upon the changing demands of German state and society; revelation of the historical roots of the German law school; examination of specificities of evolution of the forms and methods of lawyers in organizational-legal and informative aspects; introduction of the original works in the area of German legal education in historical retrospective into the Russian scientific discourse. The author highlights the positive experience of the German system of traditional training of legal personnel under the conditions of the so-called “Bologna Process”. The main conclusion lies in the thesis that namely Prussian system of preparation of highly qualified legal personnel comprises the foundation of the modern German legal education, which Germany is unwilling to abandon even in the conditions of «Bolonization» and integration of the European higher school.