DOI: 10.7256/2454-0714.2017.4.21909

Abstract: To date, the problem of developing systems, algorithms and methods for spatial orientation and navigation of robots remains one of the most urgent problems. The subject of the study are multi-angle and bipolar systems of technical vision, as well as an algorithm for the formation of 3D models of the surface of objects. The author examines in detail such aspects in the development of mobile robots, as ways of obtaining information about the three-dimensional scene, estimation of the depth of the scene, integration, the method of constructing epipolar lines, some elements of virtual reality are touched upon. Applied approaches in the work are based on the methods of digital image processing, image recognition, discrete transformations and system analysis, a method for constructing epipolar lines is given. The work also considers the formation of 3D models of the surface of the object in the systems of technical vision, applied to mobile robots, an algorithm for determining the distance to the points on the surface of the object in the systems of technical vision on the mobile robot. The results of the research can be applied in systems for modernizing the management, monitoring and processing of information, providing more accurate technical vision in the development of mobile and autonomous robots, which in turn can affect the import substitution and the overall economic component of the use and development of robotic systems and systems.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0714.2017.1.20372

Abstract: In robotics complexes as in the living world, the main kind of sensation is vision. The first systems of technical (computer) vision used in the means of robotics copied the organs of vision of living organisms and have evolved in a following sequence: black and white monocular vision systems, color, stereoscopic and multi-angle systems with various options for hardware implementation. The article points out some aspects of the historical course of events in development of vision systems. The author analyses existing approaches to the implementation of vision systems in the tasks of robotics. The paper presents the formulation of the problem, describes the problems of designing vision systems and development of robotic complexes, shows modern ways of solving these problems. Methods of epistemology, epistemology and system analysis are applied. The issue of universal robotics in recent years is in the focus of research attention. There are many works devoted to this problem. However, the author decided to study this problem from different perspectives, applying not only philosophical and epistemological aspects, but also from the point of view of a systematic approach to the problem. A special contribution of the author in the study of the topic is the general systematization of the actual problems of introducing vision systems into robotic complexes and the definition of the main functions and purpose of such systems.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4196.2016.5.18981

Abstract: In modern robotics a problem of development of systems, algorithms and methods of spatial orientation and navigation of robots remains one of the most urgent tasks. The article suggests an algorithm for the simulation of optical flow based on the dynamics of particle motion. Unlike conventional methods of calculation, the author focuses on those aspects of the decision problem of determining the optical flow as the use of methods of calculation of the Fourier series, taking into account elements of the laws of hydrodynamics. This allows considering the problem of determining optical flow with a different, newer perspective. Theoretical research methods are based on methods of digital image processing, pattern recognition, digital transformation and system analysis. Optical flow calculations in this problem are reduced to the determination of the displacement of each point of the frame. It allows constructing the velocity field of each particle of light, the envelope of the selected object. The research results are applicable in the field of modernization of management systems, monitoring and processing of the received picture and video to enhance the effectiveness of work performed by providing a more accurate vision. Therefore, the portability and autonomy of work robots is increased, which in turn may affect the economic component complexes and the use of robotic systems.