DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.17476

Abstract: The subject of this research is the process of establishment of the Soviet State economic policy during the period of 1920-1930. The author thoroughly examines the legislation on commercial enterprises as the protectors of economic interests of Russia abroad, as well as the consolidation of their status in the international treaties. The author gives characteristic to the new economic policy and concessions as means of attracting the foreign capital into the country. A special attention is given to the fight of the Soviet State for implementation of foreign trade monopolies as one of the ways to preserve the Soviet regime. An objective analysis of the legal acts, international agreements, as well as other diplomatic documents, allowed the author to propose his own unique conception of events associated with the development by the Soviet government of the economic line on the international arena. It became the embodiment of the “socialistic” reforms program in Russia with all characteristic to it positive and negative aspects.  This article creates a close to the objective truth image of historical reality.

DOI: 10.7256/2305-9699.2014.4.11410

Abstract: The article concerns the policy of the Soviet government towards the participants of the White movement and the political emigrants in 1920s-1930s. The author studied the processes of restoration of the Russian citizenship and return of the emigrants to their Motherland. The Soviet government used various means to fight ideological opponents and counterrevolution, but it allowed the amnesty for all the former Russian citizens, who have not committed grievous crimes against it, allowing them to return to their Motherland or to restore their Russian (Soviet) citizenship.  The author showed the process of cooperation between the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs and the Supreme Commissioner of the League of Nations Fridtjof  Nansen on the issues of refugees and repatriations of the "Russian refugees". The author expresses an original (for the modern attitudes) point of view on the problem of "philosophical ship" of 1922. Based upon the combination of historical and legal facts with the use of the scientific evaluation method and based upon the achievements of Russian and foreign historiography, the author attempted to form a picture of historic reality, which is very close to the objective truth.  The legislation of the RSFSR (SSSR) on the issue of citizenship of the "former Russian nationals" in 1920s- 1930s was defined by the revolutionary events in Russia, as well as consequences of the World War and the Civil War.  The policy of the Soviet Government was aimed at fighting counter-revolutionary organizations, who continued anti-Soviet activities and wished to return the property, that they have lost.  It was only towards such persons and entities that the government actively used limitation and deprivation of citizenship rights in order to support its position and to protect itself from external and internal enemies.  But the Soviet state took every effort to keep the citizenship for the Russians, who were willing to take part in the formation of a new society and a new state without exploitation and oppression.