DOI: 10.7256/2409-8728.2015.5.15252

Abstract: The object of the present research article is justification of the idea of history as the anthropomorphic process that was famous in Russian philosophy of the first quarter of the XXth century. The subject of the research is the Russian religious philosophy of history of the first quarter of the XX century. The problem of sense of history in the Russian religious philosophy of this period is considered within orthodox metaphysics. The sense of history consists in the movement of mankind to God. Development of human history is understood as the two-uniform process assuming the movement of God to the person and the person to God. The point of intersection of these two movements  is the Christ's Manifestation which is defined as the "basic fact" of history: the history goes to the fact of the Manifestation of Christ and from the fact of Christ's Manifestation. The Manifestation specifies the sense and appointment of the person and mankind in general - the Kingdom of Heaven. Implementation of sense of history within this world is denied since full "transformation" of the world can't be achieved. The research methods ued by the author of the article include analytical and comparative methods. The main conclusions of the author when conducting a comparative analysis of the concepts of history by N. Berdyaev, S. Frank, E. Trubetskoy and S. Bulgakov are that all of them argue within classical orthodox understanding of sense of history as the anthropomorphic movement of human towards the end of history, i.e. the Kingdom of Heaven. All specified philosophers of history represent this movement not as passive, and as the active movement by the end of history – "transformation" of the world. Oppositions between eschatological understanding, on the one hand, and active changing the world (as S. Frank positioned himself), with another, here not. The "End" of history is understood, how death of all angry and "absorption" in eternity of all "kind" in the world. The movement towards the Kingdom of Heaven assumes active opposition to the evil, transformation of the world into a hell. The evil can't be destroyed but only "it is changed and brightened up", "is forced out by power of good", from here - a world hristianization through "injection of powers of love and good fortune".  The novelty of article is caused by the fact that the author offers the system analysis of the basic provisions of the idea of history as the movements towards the end, i.e. the Kingdom of Heaven, as a general idea for the Russian religious philosophy of history.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-8647.2015.3.15450

Abstract: The object of the research in this article is the corporate culture of the Russian pre-revolutionary business and its sources. The subject of the research is the Russian business before revolution. The problem of socially oriented business as one their main conditions of creation of business reputation is a topical issue nowadays. In her article Korobkoba examines how the problem was solved at the end and the beginning of the XX century by Russian businessmen 64% of whom were the so called Old Believers. The ethical code of Old Belief demanded honest work and business, discipline, asceticism in private life, and social responsibility. Therefore, the author studies the business ethics stated in 1912 in "The Seven Principles" of business management in Russia and the corporate culture created during that period at the enterprises. In her research the author uses analytical and comparative methods as part of the comparative analysis.  The main conclusions of the author in the comparative analysis are that in business pre-revolutionary Russian business was guided by the ethical code of Old Belief. The main thing in this code – honest work for the benefit of society which was considered as service to God. Credo of Old Believers merchants - "Everything for business – nothing for yourself". The majority of enterprise dynasties endowed big money for charity and considered a duty to care of employees of the enterprises, creating conditions for life. Such relation provided the maximum loyalty of workers to the enterprises that excluded turnover of staff and increased labor motivation, eventually, provided enterprise success of firms, determined in many respects the rapid economic growth of Russia during this period.Novelty of article is that the review of organizational cultures of the enterprises of the Russian businessmen of the end of the XIX beginning - the XX centuries of which formation business ethics of Old Belief are the cornerstone is offered.