DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2015.4.12676

Abstract: The present article is devoted to deconstruction as the leading category of post-modernism as well as the method of composing post-modernistic literary and art texts aimed at critisizing traditional analytical thinking, decentration of different kinds of centralisms, removal of binary oppositions and search for conceptual multiplicity. Moreover, the author of the article describes such features of post-modernistic texts as intertextuality, nonclassical interpretation of past traditions in the ironic, playful or parodical form. The author also tries to define the general and specific features of deconstruction in foreign and Russian literary and art texts. Based on the analysis of philosophical, cultural, literary and art researches, the author describes the features of deconstruction. The author has used the comparative method to analyze foreign and Russian post-modernistic texts of literature and art. The author concludes that while American and Western European post-modernists perform the deconstruction of the ideology of the consumer society, Russian post-modernists deconstruct the consumption of products of the Soviet ideology. Americans and Western European post-modernists use deconstruction in order to create a free player space, to make the most important issues of human existence to be the aim of the play, and to view traditions from the point of view of the democratic pluralism, while Russian post-modernists deconstuct such 'national metanarratives' as 'ideologism', 'totalitarianism', 'utopism' and 'literature-centrism'. These allow to understand our traditional 'eternal' issues using nontraditional means such as obscene words and shocking naturalistic and physiological descriptions. The author's conclusion that deconstruction acts as a mean of creating a new language capable of describing framentary, orderless, unstable and hyperreal post-modern world is crucial for understanding and adequate perception of post-modernistic texts.   

DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.4.13478

Abstract: In article the problem connected with prospects of development of the Russian culture rises. The emphasis is placed on the importance of a postmodernism which in the categories tries to comprehend the process of transformation of state and educational ideology of an era of a modernist style which began at the end the XX beginning of the XXI centuries. Events of the last years in Russia show that the begun process of reconsideration of cultural policy of an era of a modernist style which was based on the totalitarian principles of the management of culture, can be suspended. The author raises a question of possibility of further continuation of this process. The analysis of development of the Russian culture, starting with Petrovsky is carried out and, finishing with the Soviet era which allows to reveal its educational orientation which is closely connected with the state ideology directed on introduction in mass consciousness of a cult of the strong personality, creation of bureaucratic machinery, the monitoring system and a regulation of all spheres of activity. In the conditions of transformation of educational values of an era of a modernist style, the postmodernism becomes one of the most adequate directions reflecting a condition of modern culture. The author focuses attention that for modern Russia manifestation in cultural policy of lines of state and educational ideology of an era of a modernist style, establishment of rigid control of creative activity, becomes rather actual problem.